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Effect of fused triphenylamine core in star-shaped donor-??-acceptor molecules on their physicochemical properties and performance in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells
摘要： In this work, the synthesis of a novel star-shaped donor-acceptor molecule I with acridine-based core being a fused derivative of triphenylamine linked through π-conjugated terthiophene spacers and terminal hexyldicyanovinyl electron-withdrawing units is reported. Its physicochemical and photovoltaic properties were comprehensively studied and compared to those of molecule II being a structural analog but with a pristine propeller-like triphenylamine core. The novel molecule shows combination of the higher crystallinity, solubility and thermal stability. As compared to II, bulk heterojunction organic solar cells based on I as a donor and PC71BM as an acceptor showed the three times higher hole mobility, 50% larger external quantum efficiency, which resulted in up to twice higher power conversion efficiency reaching 6.14%. This work demonstrates that the triphenylamine core fused by p-tolylmethylene groups in the star-shaped donor acceptor molecules is a promising building block to design highly soluble and crystalline materials for organic optoelectronic devices.
关键词： oligothiophene,organic solar cell,dicyanovinyl,triphenylamine,donor-acceptor molecule
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Triphenylamine dibenzofulvene–derived dopant‐free hole transporting layer induces micrometer‐sized perovskite grains for highly efficient near 20% for p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells
摘要： This paper discusses a series of triphenylamine dibenzofulvene–based hole transporting materials (HTMs) featuring different numbers of MeO groups (none for YC‐1, four for YC‐2, and six for YC‐3) and their use in p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells (PSCs). We investigated the optoelectronic properties of these HTMs and found that the PSC devices incorporating YC‐1 as HTMs exhibited power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 15.78 ± 0.61%, which outperformed the corresponding PEDOT:PSS‐based device (12.80 ± 1.31%) under similar testing conditions. We then employed YC‐1 for the interfacial modified layer of a NiOx‐derived PSC having the structure ITO/NiOx/YC‐1/CH3NH3PbI3/PC61BM/bathocuproine/Ag. The presence of YC‐1 promoted the growth of micrometer‐sized grains of perovskite and induced a lower content of grain boundary defects, both of which improved the carrier extraction. Thereby, compared with conventional NiOx device, we observed a great increase in the PCE, from 17.16 ± 0.68% to 18.81 ± 0.42%, with a champion cell displaying a PCE of 19.37% (with negligible hysteresis). The corresponded device exhibited a stabilized efficiency of approximately 19% after storage in the dark at 25°C under argon for over 1000 hours. This study suggests a new approach for designing the high‐performance stable p‐i‐n PSCs.
关键词： methoxy groups,p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells,bilayered inorganic/organic HTMs,triphenylamine dibenzofulvene derivatives
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Triphenylamine-based hole transporting materials with thiophene-derived bridges for perovskite solar cells
摘要： A triphenylamine-based compound containing benzoyl[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene (BDT) derivative (BTPA-2) has been synthesized and employed in FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as the hole transporting material (HTM). The reference BTPA-1 containing thiophene bridge was also prepared for a comparative study. Compared to the thiophene unit in BTPA-1, the hexyloxy substituted BDT unit in BTPA-2 made the HOMO energy level lower. The more conjugated system with the BDT unit can improve the conductivity and hole mobility. The BTPA-1 and BTPA-2 based FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 PSCs showed the best power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 12.76 % and 13.97 %, respectively. Larger Voc and higher Jsc for the BTPA-2 based PSC were attributed to its reduced interfacial recombination and more conjugated system compared to the BTPA-1 based PSCs. More hydrophobic property of BTAP-2 made its PSC exhibit better environmental stability than BTPA-1.
关键词： Thiophene,Perovskite solar cells,Water contact angle,Hole transporting materials,Triphenylamine
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Triphenylamine hydrophobic surface prepared by low-temperature solution deposition for stable and high-efficiency SnO2 planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： Organic-inorganic halide perovskites have shown many advantages with photovoltaic performance. The crystal quality of perovskite film and the tolerance in humidity environment still need to be improved due to its instability problem. In this paper, triphenylamine (TPA) as a hydrophobic surface is deposited on perovskite film to prevent the infiltration of moisture and hydrophilic additives from entering the perovskite film. In addition, the introduction of TPA/CB mixed solution could promote the volatile speed of high boiling point solvent DMSO and accelerate the crystallization process of perovskite films. Compared with the devices without TPA, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was increased from 17.10% to 19.13%. The devices with TPA can retained over 85% of their initial PCE in air with about 60% humidity for 800 hours without encapsulation, while the PCEs of the none-TPA devices dropped to 52% of their initial values. The strategy can effectively improve the stability and photoelectric performance of solar cells, and the SnO2 electron transport layer replaced the traditional TiO2 to realize the whole process of low temperature (<150°C) preparation of PSCs.
关键词： hydrophobic surface,perovskite solar cells,stability,triphenylamine
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Investigation of triphenylamine-based sensitizer characteristics and adsorption behavior onto ZnTiO3 perovskite (101) surfaces for dye-sensitized solar cells using first-principle calculation
摘要： Four different Triphenylamine-based dyes, named as TPA-1, TPA-2, TPA-3 and TPA-4 as shown below, with substituents containing different linkages, earlier described inTiO2dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs), are described. The dyes are examined as potential dyes for perovskite ZnTiO3 based dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The simulated characteristics include: Electronic absorption spectra, light harvesting efficiency, energy of dye adsorption to the semiconductor ZnTiO3 electrode, energy level alignment and spontaneity of charge transfer across the dye interfaces with ZnTiO3 and with solution redox couple. The characteristics have been comparatively investigated for all dyes. The absorption spectra for each dye, in its free and adsorbed forms, are discussed. Energy levels and electrochemical parameters are investigated to assess electron transfer efficiency between the excited dyes and the ZnTiO3 particles. Among the series, the dye TPA-3 shows superior behaviors, in terms of spontaneity of charge transfer with ZnTiO3 conduction band. The dye exhibits bidentate mode bonding with the semiconductor surface (101) as evidenced from its high adsorption energy. Such bonding enables stronger adherence between the dye and the semiconductor and enables more efficient charge transfer. The results encourage more theoretical and experimental study on TPA-3@ZnTiO3 DSSCs, with promising conversion efficiency and stability.
关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cells,DFT,Electronic absorption spectra,ZnTiO3 perovskite,Triphenylamine-based dyes
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Novel Small Four-armed Molecules with Triphenylamine-bridged Structure for Organic Solar Cells Featuring High Open-circuit Voltage
摘要： In view of few attention on star-shaped molecules containing triphenylamine(TPA) unit as π-linker, a series of small four-armed molecules, consisting of octyloxy-substituted 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole(DOBT) or 4-octyl-2-thienyl functionalized DOBT as the core, TPA as π-bridge and 4-methylphenyl or 4-methoxyphenyl groups as terminal units, was designed and synthesized. The effects of π-bridges and substitute groups on molecular photoelectric performance and photovoltaic performance were fully explored. With the help of the additional thiophene-linkers incorporation, 3-octylthienyl substituted molecule with end-capping 4-methylphenyl(T-BTTPAM) and 3-octylthienyl substituted molecule with end-capping 4-methoxyphenyl(T-BTTPAOM) showed stronger and broader absorption, as well as higher charge mobilities compared to the molecules without thiophene-linkers(BTTPAM and BTTPAOM). Additionally, changing substitute groups from methyl to methoxy helped BTTPAOM and T-BTTPAOM achieve better absorption properties than BTTPAM and T-BTTPAM, respectively. When paired with PC61BM as the electron acceptor to fabricate solution-processed photovoltaic devices, the four materials gave high open-circuit voltage(Voc) values over 0.90 V. These results demonstrate that our materials are promising candidates as donor materials for organic solar cells(OSCs), and further device optimization is in progress in our laboratory.
关键词： Organic solar cell,Triphenylamine,Four-armed structure,High open-circuit voltage,Small-molecule donor
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Guest Inclusion Modulates Concentration and Persistence of Photogenerated Radicals in Assembled Triphenylamine Macrocycles
摘要： Substituted triphenylamine (TPA) radical cations show great potential as oxidants and as spin containing units in polymer magnets. Their properties can be further tuned by supramolecular assembly. Here, we examine how the properties of photogenerated radical cations, intrinsic to TPA macrocycles, are altered upon their self-assembly into 1D columns. These macrocycles consist of two TPAs and two methylene ureas which drive the assembly into porous organic materials. Advantageously, upon activation the crystals can undergo guest exchange in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation generating a series of isoskeletal host-guest complexes whose properties can be directly compared. Photoinduced electron transfer, initiated using 365 nm LED’s, affords radicals at room temperature as observed by EPR spectroscopy. The line shape of the EPR spectra and the quantity of radicals can be modulated by both polarity and heavy atom inclusion of the encapsulated guest. These photogenerated radicals are persistent, with half-lives between 1-7 days and display no degradation upon radical decay. Re-irradiation of the samples can restore the radical concentration back to a similar maximum concentration, a feature that is reproducible over several cycles. EPR simulations of a representative spectrum indicate two species, one containing two N hyperfine interactions and an additional broad signal with no resolvable hyperfine interaction. Intriguingly, TPA analogs without bromine substitution also exhibit similar quantities of photogenerated radicals, suggesting that supramolecular strategies can enable more flexibility in stable TPA radical structures. These studies will help guide the development of new photoactive materials.
关键词： photoinduced electron transfer,supramolecular assembly,radical cations,triphenylamine,EPR spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Axial-symmetric conjugated group promoting intramolecular charge transfer performances of triphenylamine sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： The intramolecular charge transport (ICT) process directly determines the charge generation, transport, and even injection of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) sensitizer. Herein, we constructed a new series of D-π-A system by linking 4-methoxyphenyl and triphenylamine donors with an ethynyl group having an axial-symmetric conjugated system. Since the axisymmetric conjugate group overcomes the reduction of the conjugate characteristic caused by the plane distortion, the molecular ICT performance and the electronic recombination inhibition are effectively improved. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency was increased from 3.43% to 6.37% by means of the extension of the π-bridge at same time. It provides a new idea for the design and development of DSSC sensitizers in the future.
关键词： ethynyl group,Triphenylamine,Dye-sensitized Solar Cells,D-π-A
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Fluorination of pyrene-based organic semiconductors enhances the performance of light emitting diodes and halide perovskite solar cells
摘要： In this work, a fluorinated pyrene-based organic semiconductor (L-F) has been designed and synthesized starting from a low-cost pyrene core functionalized with triphenilamine substituents at 1,3,6,8 positions (L-H), obtained via Suzuki coupling reactions. Its performance when used as green emitter in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or as dopant-free hole-transporting material (HTM) in halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is higher than the L-H counterpart, in spite of its lower bulk hole-mobility (7.0 x 10-6 cm2/Vs) with respect to L-H (1.9 x 10-4 cm2/Vs). In fact, the OLED devices based on L-F active layer showed excellent green emission (brightness and current efficiency were1759.8 cd/m2 and 3.7 cd/A, respectively) at a 4.5 V turn-on voltage. When the molecules were employed as a dopant-free HTM in PSCs, L-F led to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) and open circuit voltage (Voc) of 5.9 % and 1.07 V, respectively, thus outperforming those of corresponding devices based on L-H (PCE = 5.0% and Voc = 0.87 V) under similar experimental conditions (AM 1.5G and 100 mW cm2). We attribute the enhancements of L-F-based optoelectronic devices (OLEDs and PSCs) to the observed better quality of theL-F films. The promising performance of L-F indicates that fluorination of small molecules can be an effective strategy to achieve low-cost and high-performing materials for energy harvesting and display-based organic electronic devices.
关键词： pyrene,perovskite solar cells,hole transporting material,triphenylamine,fluorination,dopant-free,organic light emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Research progress and design strategy of hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells
摘要： In this paper, the hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells is divided into inorganic materials, organic small molecular materials and polymer materials, and their development in recent years is reviewed. After focusing on the factors affecting the transport ability of the hole transport layer, it was found that the thiophene structure and the triphenylamine group can significantly improve the hole transporting ability of the hole transporting material, thereby designing two novel hole transporting materials TTT and TST. According to the simulation calculation of density functional theory, the energy level prediction of TTT and TST shows that the HOMO energy level can reach -5.27eV and -5.33eV respectively, which can achieve better energy level matching.
关键词： energy level matching,perovskite solar cells,thiophene structure,hole transport materials,triphenylamine group
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22