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c(RGDyk)-modified nanoparticles encapsulating quantum dots as a stable fluorescence probe for imaging-guided surgical resection of glioma under the auxiliary UTMD
摘要： Surgical resection remains the preferred approach for some patients with glioblastoma (GBM), and eradication of the residual tumour niche after surgical resection is very helpful for prolonging patient survival. However, complete surgical resection of invasive GBM is difficult because of its ambiguous boundary. Herein, a novel targeting material, c(RGDyk)-poloxamer-188, was synthesized by modifying carboxyl-terminated poloxamer-188 with a glioma-targeting cyclopeptide, c(RGDyk). Quantum dots (QDs) as fluorescent probe were encapsulated into the self-assembled c(RGDyk)-poloxamer-188 polymer nanoparticles (NPs) to construct glioma-targeted QDs-c(RGDyk)NP for imaging-guided surgical resection of GBM. QDs-c(RGDyk)NP exhibited a moderate hydrodynamic diameter of 212.4 nm, a negative zeta potential of –10.1 mV and good stability. QDs-c(RGDyk)NP exhibited significantly lower toxicity against PC12 and C6 cells and HUVECs than free QDs. Moreover, in vitro cellular uptake experiments demonstrated that QDs-c(RGDyk)NP specifically targeted C6 cells, making them display strong fluorescence. Combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD), QDs-c(RGDyk)NP specifically accumulated in glioma tissue in orthotropic tumour rats after intravenous administration, evidenced by ex vivo NIR fluorescence imaging of bulk brain and glioma tissue sections. Furthermore, fluorescence imaging with QDs-c(RGDyk)NP guided accurate surgical resection of glioma. Finally, the safety of QDs-c(RGDyk)NP was verified using pathological HE staining. In conclusion, QDs-c(RGDyk)NP may be a potential imaging probe for imaging-guided surgery.
关键词： quantum dots,ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction,nanoparticles,Glioma,BBB
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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LO041: Predicting the return of spontaneous circulation using near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis
摘要： Our results suggest that although finding positive cardiac activity on ECG (PEA) and also on PoCUS is associated with greater ROSC and SHA, it does not identify patients with a final outcome of SHD.
关键词： electrocardiogram (ECG),point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS),cardiac arrest
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Feasibility of three-dimensional reconstruction and automated measurement of fetal long bones using 5D Long Bone
摘要： To evaluate the feasibility of five-dimensional Long Bone (5D LB), a new technique that automatically archives, reconstructs images, and measures lengths of fetal long bones, to assess whether the direction of volume sweep influences fetal long bone measurements in three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound and 5D LB, and to compare measurements of fetal long bone lengths obtained with 5D LB and those obtained with conventional two-dimensional (2D) and manual 3D techniques.
关键词： Fetal biometry,Fetal long bone,Two-dimensional ultrasound,Three-dimensional ultrasound,5D Long Bone
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Photoacoustic imaging of gold nanorods in the brain delivered via microbubble-assisted focused ultrasound: a tool for <i>in vivo</i> molecular neuroimaging
摘要： The protective barriers of the CNS present challenges during the treatment and monitoring of diseases. In particular, the blood brain barrier is a major hindrance to the delivery of imaging contrast agents and therapeutics to the brain. In this work, we use gas microbubble-assisted focused ultrasound to transiently open the blood brain barrier and locally deliver silica coated gold nanorods across the barrier. This particular nanoagent possesses a strong optical absorption which enables in vivo and ex vivo visualization of the delivered particles using ultrasound-guided photoacoustic imaging. The results of these studies demonstrate the potential of ultrasound-guided photoacoustics to image contrast agents delivered via microbubble-assisted focused ultrasound for longitudinal diagnostic imaging and for therapeutic monitoring of neurological diseases.
关键词： focused ultrasound,blood brain barrier opening,nanoparticles,ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 11th Biomedical Engineering International Conference (BMEiCON) - Chiang Mai, Thailand (2018.11.21-2018.11.24)] 2018 11th Biomedical Engineering International Conference (BMEiCON) - Implementation of Asymmetric Kernel Median Filtering for Real-Time Ultrasound Imaging
摘要： Ultrasound images contains speckles that could be considered as salt-and-pepper noise. Median filtering can efficiently remove the noise without blurring the edges. However, median filtering is computationally intensive and not suitable for real-time imaging. In this paper, median filtering on the intermediate ultrasound data using asymmetric median kernel sizes is proposed. To reduce the computational time, the median selection networks with compare-and-swap stages are applied instead of reducing the redundancy of the median calculation among the adjacent image pixels. Moreover, the modification of the compare-and-swap stages to suit for the GPU is also proposed. The computational times using CPU and GPU programs are compared and CNRs of the ultrasound images are also reported.
关键词： ultrasound imaging,median filtering,GPU,sorting network,median selection network
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Therapeutic Ultrasound and Photobiomodulation Applied on the Palm of Hands: A New Treatment for Fibromyalgia?A Man Case Study
摘要： Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder put in the spotlight in the last decades. Known since the 1920s, the disease is described by multiple painful points, of heightened sensitivity to touch that prevails in women, and afflict 3% to 10% of worldwide population. Fibromyalgia affects skeletal muscles and soft tissues. However, although there is no joint pain. Pharmacological treatment consists in analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs to ease the pain. In addition, antidepressants, anxiolytics and anticonvulsants can be prescribed to control pain crises. Non-pharmacological approaches as therapeutic ultrasound and photobiomodulation are an alternative for pain relief. Recently, the synergic action of therapeutic ultrasound and photobiomodulation has emerged as an alternative to treat fibromyalgia in women when applied at the palm of hands. The success of the treatment is attributed to stimulation of neuroreceptors close to blood vessels located at the palm of hands and found to be in higher incidence in fibromyalgic patients when compared to healthy patients. This study aimed to evaluate the synergic effect of therapeutic ultrasound and photobiomodulation applied to the palm of hands of a fibromyalgic man patient. Evaluation was based on Quality Life Questionnaire (SF-36) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results show the treatment could improve the patient’s quality of life (SF-36) and reduce pain (VAS), indicating a new therapeutic approach to treat chronic disorders like fibromyalgia, reducing pain and increasing quality of life of fibromyalgic patients.
关键词： Therapeutic ultrasound,Palm of hands,Photobiomodulation,Fibromyalgia,Ultra-laser
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Multiparametric monitoring of chemotherapy treatment response in locally advanced breast cancer using quantitative ultrasound and diffuse optical spectroscopy
摘要： Purpose: This study evaluated pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging (DOSI) biomarkers in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Materials and Methods: The institution’s ethics review board approved this study. Subjects (n = 22) gave written informed consent prior to participating. US and DOSI data were acquired, relative to the start of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, at weeks 0, 1, 4, 8 and preoperatively. QUS parameters including the mid-band fit (MBF), 0-MHz intercept (SI), and the spectral slope (SS) were determined from tumor ultrasound data using spectral analysis. In the same patients, DOSI was used to measure parameters relating to tumor hemoglobin and composition. Discriminant analysis and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to classify clinical and pathological response during treatment and to estimate the area under the curve (AUC). Additionally, multivariate analysis was carried out for pairwise QUS/DOSI parameter combinations using a logistic regression model. Results: Individual QUS and DOSI parameters, including the (SI), oxy-hemoglobin (HbO2), and total hemoglobin (HbT) were significant markers for response after one week of treatment (p < 0.01). Multivariate (pairwise) combinations increased the sensitivity, specificity and AUC at this time; the SI + HbO2 showed a sensitivity/specificity of 100%, and an AUC of 1.0. Conclusions: QUS and DOSI demonstrated potential as coincident markers for treatment response and may potentially facilitate response-guided therapies. Multivariate QUS and DOSI parameters increased the sensitivity and specificity of classifying LABC patients as early as one week after treatment.
关键词： diffuse optical spectroscopy,quantitative ultrasound,treatment monitoring,neoadjuvant chemotherapy,locally advanced breast cancer
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Endobronchial ultrasound—guidance for interstitial photodynamic therapy of locally advanced lung cancer—a new interventional concept
摘要： Recent advances in interventional pulmonology led to a significant expansion of the diagnostic and therapeutic role of endobronchial ultrasound. In this paper, we describe a new concept for using endobronchial ultrasound to guide interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT). For this purpose, we conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments using a phantom and animal models, respectively. A new 0.5 mm optical fiber, with cylindrical diffuser end, was used to deliver the therapeutic light through the 21-gauge endobronchial ultrasound needle. The animal experiments were performed under real-time ultrasonography guidance in mice and rabbits’ tumor models. Safe and effective fiber placements and tumor illumination was accomplished. In addition, computer simulation of light propagation suggests that locally advanced lung cancer tumor can be illuminated. This study demonstrates the potential feasibility of this new therapeutic modality approach, justifying further investigation in the treatment of locally advanced lung cancers.
关键词： interstitial photodynamic therapy (interstitial PDT),Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Virtual fluoroscopy during transbronchial biopsy for locating ground-glass nodules not visible on X-ray fluoroscopy
摘要： Background: Virtual fluoroscopy (VF) is a novel guided technique that provides ray summation images of target lesions similar to X-ray fluoroscopy. Endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) is a useful modality for imaging ground-glass nodules (GGNs) but is not ideal for GGNs that cannot be detected on X-ray fluoroscopy. We evaluated whether the addition of VF to EBUS-GS improved the diagnostic yield. Methods: Consecutive patients who had undergone diagnostic bronchoscopy for GGNs that were not detected on X-ray fluoroscopy between September 2012 and January 2016 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: a non-VF group [performed using conventional thin-section computed tomography (CT), X-ray fluoroscopy, EBUS-GS, and virtual bronchoscopy for reference], and a VF group (performed using additional VF to non-VF group). We then compared the diagnostic yields between the two groups and performed a multivariate analysis to identify factors associated with an increased diagnostic yield. Results: A total of 74 patients (VF, 35 patients; non-VF, 39 patients) were enrolled and were included in the analysis. The diagnostic yield was significantly higher in the VF group (77.1%) than in the non-VF group (51.2%, P=0.030). There were no clinically significant complications in either group. In the multivariate analysis, a positive bronchus sign [odds ratio (ORs), 5.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.36–21.40] and the use of VF (odds ratio, 3.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–11.60) were significantly associated with successful bronchoscopic diagnosis. Conclusions: The addition of VF to EBUS-GS helped to identify GGNs that were not visible on X-ray fluoroscopy.
关键词： bronchoscopy,virtual bronchoscopy (VB),radial endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS),ground-glass nodule (GGN),Lung cancer,virtual fluoroscopy (VF)
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Laser-generated focused ultrasound transmitters with frequency-tuned outputs over sub-10-MHz range
摘要： Previous laser-generated focused ultrasound (LGFU) systems have been operated with >15 MHz frequency, allowing for high spatial precision (<100 lm). However, they have been limited only to proximal biomedical applications ex vivo with treatment depths smaller than 10 mm from the lens surface. Although the low-megahertz frequency operation has the advantage of a longer range of therapy, this requires a proper photoacoustic lens made of a nanocomposite coating over a spherically curved substrate whose transmission layer is physically designed for frequency-tuned outputs. This demands a fabrication method that can provide such a nanocomposite structure. We demonstrate photoacoustic lenses operated in an unexplored frequency range of 1–10 MHz, which can simultaneously produce high-amplitude pressure outputs suf?cient for pulsed acoustic cavitation. We physically design a spatially elongated photoacoustic output and then fabricate a transmitter by controlling the density of light-absorbing nanoscale elements in a solution form and by using a replica mold to shape the lens curvature. Our approach is validated by fabricating and characterizing planar transmitters and then applied to focal con?gurations. This offers various possibilities for LGFU-based treatments (e.g., pulsed cavitational therapy such as histotripsy) over the low-megahertz frequency range, which has not been realized by conventional LGFU systems.
关键词： laser-generated focused ultrasound,sub-10-MHz range,frequency-tuned outputs,photoacoustic lenses,acoustic cavitation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59