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Rapid Self-Assembly of Au Nanoparticles on Rigid Mesoporous Yeast-Based Microspheres for Sensitive Immunoassay
摘要： A simple, rapid, inexpensive, ecofriendly, and high-throughput biological strategy for the preparation of functional microspheres on a yeast-cell platform was introduced. Microspheres prepared through the treatment of yeast cells with formaldehyde and decoating buffer exhibited excellent characteristics, such as superior mechanical strength, high sulfhydryl group content, and mesoporous structure. Au nanoparticles (NPs) easily and rapidly self-assembled onto the surfaces of the yeast-based microspheres within 5 min to form rigid yeast@Au microspheres with high monodispersity and uniformity. The rapid formation of yeast@Au microspheres mainly involved the enhancement of sulfhydryl groups and mesoporosity. The yeast@Au microspheres were successfully used in a flow cytometry immunoassay to detect Pseudorabies viral infection events. Signal-to-noise ratio was enhanced by approximately 49.4-fold. The presence of Au NPs on the yeast-based microspheres greatly improved sensitivity by decreasing noise through reducing nonspecific adsorption, highly enhancing the fluorescence signal caused by the surface plasmon resonance effect, and increasing the coupling efficiency of the capture protein. The presented method was used to analyze 81 clinical swine serum specimens. The results obtained by this developed method were compared with those of commercial diagnostic kits. The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the developed method were 92.31%, 88.24%, and 88.89%, respectively. The excellent characteristics of the yeast@Au microspheres illustrate its great potential for high-throughput immunoassay applications in the fields of disease diagnosis, environmental analysis, and food safety.
关键词： immunoassay,self-assembly,yeast,Au NPs,microsphere
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Cell Viability Evaluation Method Based on Respiratory Thermodynamic Feature Detected by Microscopic Infrared Thermal Imaging Sensor
摘要： Cell viability is an important indicator while screening drugs. An inaccurate evaluation of cell viability can cause large errors in anti-tumor dose experiments, and this becomes very unfavorable for cancer treatment. In this paper, there is a new cell viability evaluation method based on respiratory thermodynamic feature that includes the respiratory intensity, proliferation rate, and heat released by cells. These three parameters can be directly measured by a microscopic infrared thermal imaging sensor, which is fast and non-invasive and does not require consumables. The three parameters were simultaneously measured based on a micro-infrared thermal imaging sensor and fitted to the mathematical model. Finally, the method was verified by comparing it with traditional counting method and comparing the amount of omethoate with traditional counting method. The results indicated that omethoate is 12.36% lower than in the traditional counting method with the same level of complete cell inactivation. Therefore, this method is more accurate than the conventional cell viability assessment method, and the dosage is more precise when the uniform effect is achieved, which provides a basis for precise doses in tumor treatment and can reduce side effects in the human body. This method has a significant effect on the manufacture of cell activity detecting sensors.
关键词： Micro-infrared thermal imaging,Cell respiration,Yeast,Cell viability evaluation,Metabolic ability
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Transcriptome Profile Alteration with Cadmium Selenide/Zinc Sulfide Quantum Dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
摘要： Quantum Dots (QDs) are becoming more prevalent in products used in our daily lives, such as TVs and laptops, due to their unique and tunable optical properties. The possibility of using QDs as fluorescent probes in applications, such as medical imaging, has been a topic of interest for some time, but their potential toxicity and long-term effects on the environment are not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of yellow CdSe/ZnS-QDs on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We utilized growth assays, RNA-seq, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection assays, and cell wall stability experiments to investigate the potential toxic effects of CdSe/ZnS-QDs. We found CdSe/ZnS-QDs had no negative effects on cell viability; however, cell wall-compromised cells showed more sensitivity in the presence of 10 μg/mL CdSe/ZnS-QDs compared to non-treated cells. In CdSe/ZnS-treated and non-treated cells, no significant change in superoxide was detected, but according to our transcriptomic analysis, thousands of genes in CdSe/ZnS-treated cells became differentially expressed. Four significantly differentiated genes found, including FAF1, SDA1, DAN1, and TIR1, were validated by consistent results with RT-qPCR assays. Our transcriptome analysis led us to conclude that exposure of CdSe/ZnS-QDs on yeast significantly affected genes implicated in multiple cellular processes.
关键词： yeast,QDs,gene expression,toxicity,CdSe/ZnS,RNA-seq
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Young’s double-slit interference enabled by surface plasmon polaritons: a review
摘要： Red yeast rice has been utilized for colouring food, brewing wine and preserving meat, which is also used as a folk medicine for centuries. In this study, a water-soluble non-starch polysaccharide from red yeast rice (RYRP) was extracted by using ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. By using Box–Behnken design (BBD) to optimize the parameters for extracting the RYRP, the maximum extraction yield (3.37%±0.78%) was obtained under the optimal extraction conditions as follows: ratio of water to raw material (40 mL/g), extraction temperature (62 °C), extraction time (75 min) and ultrasonic power (200 W). Moreover, monosaccharide composition analysis showed that RYRP was consisted of mannose, glucosamine, glucose and galactose with a molar ratio of 0.152:0.015:1:0.149. The molecular weight distribution analysis showed that the average molecular weight of the RYRP fraction was about 3.49 × 103 Da. Furthermore, RYRP exhibited significant antioxidant activities in vitro and the gastrointestinal-protective effect in vivo using gastrointestinal disorders (GD) model mice. RYRP could be explored as a potential source in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.
关键词： Polysaccharide,Ultrasonic-assisted extraction,Red yeast rice,Antioxidant activities,Structural characterization,Gastrointestinal-protective effect
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Light-driven fine chemical production in yeast biohybrids
摘要： Inorganic-biological hybrid systems have potential to be sustainable, efficient, and versatile chemical synthesis platforms by integrating the light-harvesting properties of semiconductors with the synthetic potential of biological cells. We have developed a modular bioinorganic hybrid platform that consists of highly efficient light-harvesting indium phosphide nanoparticles and genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a workhorse microorganism in biomanufacturing. The yeast harvests photogenerated electrons from the illuminated nanoparticles and uses them for the cytosolic regeneration of redox cofactors. This process enables the decoupling of biosynthesis and cofactor regeneration, facilitating a carbon- and energy-efficient production of the metabolite shikimic acid, a common precursor for several drugs and fine chemicals. Our work provides a platform for the rational design of biohybrids for efficient biomanufacturing processes with higher complexity and functionality.
关键词： fine chemical production,NADPH regeneration,light-driven,biohybrid,indium phosphide,shikimic acid,yeast
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36