Formation of Quantum Vortices at the Ionization of an Atom by an Ultrashort Laser Pulse: Two- and Three-Dimensional Cases

摘要： Quantum vortices formed at the barrier-suppression ionization of an atom by an ultrashort laser pulse have been studied theoretically and numerically. The ionization of a hydrogen atom is considered in the two-dimensional space and the ionization of an atom in the zero-range potential approximation is considered in the three-dimensional space. The resulting analytical expressions imply that the localization of quantum vortices in the three-dimensional space can be predicted by analyzing the two-dimensional model.