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One-pot synthesis of Mn3O4-coupled Ag2WO4 nanocomposite photocatalyst for enhanced photooxidative desulfurization of thiophene under visible light irradiation
摘要： The photooxidative desulfurization of thiophene (ThP) becomes a challenge in both industry and environmental remediation. Herein, we synthesize a visible-light-responsive Ag2WO4/Mn3O4 nanocomposite by a one-pot strategy. Depiction of the produced photocatalysts exposed the suppression of the surface structure and reduction of the bandgap energy by adding 15 wt% of Mn3O4 to Ag2WO4. The obtained nanocomposite shows a complete photooxidation of ThP within 1 h under visible light illumination at a dose of 1.2 g L?1. The significance of photocatalytic performance of Ag2WO4/Mn3O4 nanocomposite photocatalyst is referred to the enhancement of the visible light absorption and overthrow of the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. The study opens the door for extensive use of nanocomposite photocatalysts as a novel functional material for the photooxidation of ThPs under visible light exposure.
关键词： Desulfurization,Photooxidation,Thiophene,Nanocomposite,Photocatalysts,Visible light
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Achieving high-performance non-halogenated nonfullerene acceptor-based organic solar cells with 13.7% efficiency <i>via</i> a synergistic strategy of an indacenodithieno[3,2- <i>b</i> ]selenophene core unit and non-halogenated thiophene-based terminal group
摘要： An outmost selenophene-functionalized electron-rich central core (indacenodithieno[3,2-b]selenophene) and a new non-halogenated A–D–A architecture non-fullerene small molecular acceptor (NF-SMA) (TSeTIC) based on indacenodithieno[3,2-b]selenophene as the central unit and thiophene-fused IC as a terminal group was designed and synthesized for high performance organic solar cells. In contrast to the similar NF-SMA (TTTIC) with an indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene unit, TSeTIC exhibited a stronger and red-shifted absorption spectrum, higher highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, and enhanced electron mobility in neat thin films. Furthermore, a TSeTIC/PM6-based device presented higher hole/electron mobility, better phase separation features with favorable morphology, and higher charge dissociation and collection efficiency than a TTTIC/PM6-based device, resulting in remarkably improved Jsc and FF without sacrificing the Voc. Therefore, compared to the best PCE of 12.05% with an energy loss (Eloss) of 0.64 eV for the PM6/TTTIC device, the optimized PM6/TSeTIC device yields a significantly higher PCE of 13.71% with a higher FF of 75.9% and decreased Eloss of 0.60 eV. It is worth noting that the excellent PCE of 13.71% is the highest recorded for A–D–A structural NF-SMAs with thiophene-containing terminal groups for binary organic solar cells. These results demonstrate that the synergistic strategy of using an indacenodithieno[3,2-b]selenophene core unit and thiophene-containing IC end group is a promising avenue to enhance the PCE of non-halogenated NF-SMAs with high Voc and FF as well as low Eloss.
关键词： indacenodithieno[3,2-b]selenophene,non-halogenated nonfullerene acceptor,organic solar cells,synergistic strategy,thiophene-based terminal group
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2018 4th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE) - Bengaluru, India (2018.12.17-2018.12.19)] 2018 4th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE) - Effect of Fluorination on the D-A-D type Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： To study the effect of fluorination on hole transporting materials (BTD-Th and BTD-F-Th) for the efficient perovskite solar cells, we designed and synthesized a novel D-A-D type hole transporting molecule having benzo[1,2-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (BTD) as electron acceptor unit and thiophene (Th) as a simple electron donor unit. The D-A-D molecules BTD-Th and BTD-F-Th were synthesized by palladium(0) catalyzed Stille coupling reaction. The electrochemical band gap of synthesized compounds varies from -1.5 eV to -1.7 eV, Which were ideal for hole transport material (with perovskite active layer) and effective electron blocking layer. The architecture of the perovskite device is glass/ITO/SnO2/CH3NH3PbI3(Perovskite)/Hole Transport Material/Ag.
关键词： Perovskite,benzo[1,2-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole,thiophene,hole transporting materials
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Cyclooctatetrathiophene-Cored Three-Dimensional Hole Transport Material Enabling Over 19% Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： In this work, a rigid three-dimensional cyclooctatetrathiophene was the core component in the construction two hole transporting materials (HTMs), COTT-1 and COTT-2. Their photophysical, electrochemical and thermal properties were systematically investigated in a combination of experimental and simulation methods. COTT-1 and COTT-2 based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were tested, exhibiting power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.4% and 17.7%, respectively, which are similar to Spiro-OMeTAD-based device (18.2%) under the same conditions. PCE was further increased to 19.2% using COTT-1 as an interfacial layer and COTT-2 as HTM. These phenomena were analyzed by means of photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscope experiments (AFM), which demonstrated the potential of cyclooctatetrathiophene-cored hole transport material.
关键词： power conversion efficiency,interfacial modification,thiophene,perovskite solar cells,hole transport material,three dimension
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Wide-Band-Gap Phthalimide-Based D-π-A Polymers for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells: The Effect of Conjugated π-Bridge from Thiophene to Thieno[3,2- <i>b</i> ]thiophene
摘要： Conjugated polymers with D-π-A backbone structures have been intensively investigated and have largely promoted the rapid progress of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, as one of the simplest electron-accepting (A) units, phthalimide (PhI), only attracts less attention to construct promising D-π-A photovoltaic polymers in OSC community. Thus the correlations between the chemical structure-optoelectronic properties-photovoltaic performance need to be systematically investigated. Here, we combined the PhI moiety with the electron-donating (D) unit benzodithiophene (BDT) to synthesize two D-π-A copolymers PE80 and PE81, where the π-bridge corresponds to the thiophene (T) and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT) respectively. When blended with a low bandgap (Eg=1.33 eV) non-fullerene acceptor Y6, PE81 achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.21% with an open circuit voltages (VOC) of 0.90 V, which are much higher than those of PE80:Y6 device (PCE = 4.11% and VOC = 0.88 V). Our results indicate that PhI is also a promising electron-deficient unit to construct photovoltaic polymers and using TT π-bridge is simple strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of D-π-A polymers.
关键词： non-fullerene organic solar cells,D-π-A backbone,Conjugated polymers,thieno[3,2-b]thiophene,phthalimide
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Designing a thiophene-fused quinoxaline unit to build D–A copolymers for non-fullerene organic solar cells
摘要： In this work, a kind of thiophene-fused quinoxaline (QXT) unit has been designed and synthesized as an electron-deficient unit to build two D-A conjugated copolymers (PBDTT-QXT-TF1 and PBDTT-QXT-TF2) with a thiophene ring as "π-bridge" and thienyl substituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene (BDTT) unit as an electron-rich unit, in which two adjacent side-chain thiophene rings with different number of fluorine atoms have been introduced at 2,3-position of QXT unit. It is found that the fusion of a thiophene ring onto QX unit can result in a red-shift of absorption and narrow the optical bandgap through stabilizing the quinoid structure of the conjugated backbone, and the introduction of carboxyl group at the fused thiophene can reduce the HOMO energy level that is favorable for the enhancement of VOC of the organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the introduction of fused thiophene ring results in partially twist of conjugated backbone, thus attenuating the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) absorption intensity and finally lead to the decrement of the JSC for the OSCs. Therefore, the corresponding OSC devices based on the PBDTT-QXT-TF1 or PBDTT-QXT-TF2 with IDIC acceptor show much high VOC but low JSC. In addition, the introduction of side-chain thiophene rings with different number fluorine atoms also regulates the energy levels and the structural crystallinity, thus further influencing the photovoltaic performances. By comparison, the PBDTT-QXT-TF1:IDIC blended film exhibits higher and more balanced hole/electron charge mobilities than the PBDTT-QXT-TF2:IDIC blended film, and PBDTT-QXT-TF1:IDIC based device shows higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.67 % (VOC = 0.951V, JSC =11.56 mA cm?2 and FF = 60.65 %) than PBDTT-QXT-TF2:IDIC based device with a PCE of 5.12 % (VOC = 0.975V, JSC = 9.78 mA cm?2 and FF = 53.61 %).
关键词： Thiophene-fused quinoxaline,Organic solar cells,Photovoltaic performances,D-A copolymer
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Research progress and design strategy of hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells
摘要： In this paper, the hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells is divided into inorganic materials, organic small molecular materials and polymer materials, and their development in recent years is reviewed. After focusing on the factors affecting the transport ability of the hole transport layer, it was found that the thiophene structure and the triphenylamine group can significantly improve the hole transporting ability of the hole transporting material, thereby designing two novel hole transporting materials TTT and TST. According to the simulation calculation of density functional theory, the energy level prediction of TTT and TST shows that the HOMO energy level can reach -5.27eV and -5.33eV respectively, which can achieve better energy level matching.
关键词： energy level matching,perovskite solar cells,thiophene structure,hole transport materials,triphenylamine group
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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NiMo and NiW Nanostructured Catalysts of Thiophene Oxidation, Obtained via Laser Electrodispersion
摘要： New bimetallic catalysts based on Ni and Mo or W oxide nanoparticles deposited on alumina are obtained via the laser electrodispersion of tightly compacted binary mixtures of NiMo and NiW powders. SEM, TEM, and XPS show that both components of each pair are uniformly distributed over a carrier’s surface in the form of nanoparticles of 4–7 nm in size. Metals on the catalyst’s surface are predominantly in an oxidized state. The catalytic activity of NiMo/Al2O3 and NiW/Al2O3 pairs is compared using examples of the oxidation of thiophene and dibenzothiophene with hydrogen peroxide. High reagent conversion on such catalysts with ultra-low metal contents (<0.01 wt %) is maintained by continually repeating the process. Introducing a zwitterionic liquid with sulfo group into the reaction mixture results in additional improvement of catalyst efficiency.
关键词： oxidation,thiophene,laser electrodispersion,catalysis,nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Diketopyrrolopyrrole/perylene-diimide and thiophene based D-π-A low bandgap polymer sensitizers for application in dye sensitized solar cells
摘要： In this study, diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-thiophene (P1 and P2) and perylene-diimide-alt-thiophene (P3 and P4) based donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) copolymers have been synthesized from the corresponding monomers through Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira polymerization protocol. The well defined and soluble π-conjugated copolymers having alkyl and fluoroalkyl substituents (P1-P4) have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectra as well as by tetradetector GPC studies showing molecular weight (Mn) in the range of 18-20 kDa with good polydispersity indices of 1.31-1.48. The donor-acceptor based copolymers absorb broadly throughout the visible region. Notably, perylene diimide-thiophene based copolymers (P3 and P4) exhibits an absorption onset at ca. 800 nm corresponding to a bandgap of 1.63 and 1.61 eV (Egopt). DFT computational studies of the model π-conjugated units have also been investigated to understand the molecular geometries and electronic properties of the polymeric unit. The synthesized D-π-A polymers have been utilized as active materials for polymer-sensitized solar cells (PSSCs). The copolymers are effectively adsorbed onto the surface of nanostructured TiO2 photoanode as a result of facile interaction of the anchored -C=O units with the metal oxide surface. The spectral profile of the polymer films on mesoporous oxide surface approximately similar to the solution absorption spectra of the polymer. Interestingly, the polymers featuring perylene diimide unit (P3 and P4) exhibit promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.71 and 2.96% with a short circuit current (JSC) of 7.54 and 7.85 mA·cm-2 respectively, and IPCE of 42-45% under 1.5 AM illumination.
关键词： Dye Sensitized Solar Cells,Polymer Sensitizers,Thiophene,Perylene-diimide,Diketopyrrolopyrrole,Low Bandgap,D-π-A
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Modulation of Three p-Type Polymers Containing a Fluorinated-Thiophene-Fused-Benzotriazole Unit To Pair with a Benzotriazole-Based Non-fullerene Acceptor for High <i>V</i> <sub/>OC</sub> Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Three 6-?uoro-thieno[2′,3′:4,5]benzo[1,2-d][1,2,3]triazole (fBTAZT) containing copolymers, named as PfBTAZT-H, PfBTAZT-F, and PfBTAZT-Cl, were employed to pair with a benzo[1,2-d][1,2,3]triazole (BTA) based non-fullerene acceptor BTA3 for the applicaition in organic solar cells (OSCs). By introducing ?uorine or chlorine atoms into the thiophene side chains on BDT units, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels of polymers shift down in sequence, and PfBTAZT-Cl shows an obvious blue-shift of absorption spectrum. PfBTAZT-F:BTA3-based OSC attains a VOC of 1.05 V, a JSC of 11.83 mA cm?2, and FF of 0.62, leading to a PCE of 7.69%, which are higher than that of PfBTAZT-H:BTA3 (VOC = 0.99 V, JSC = 11.60 mA cm?2, FF = 0.58, and PCE = 6.65%) due to its well-matched HOMO energy level, higher charge mobilities, and favorable ?lm morphology. More surprisingly, chlorinated polymer PfBTAZT-Cl obtains the highest VOC of 1.20 V and PCE of 8.00%, which is attributed to the lowest HOMO energy level, largely decreased voltage loss (ΔVloss = 0.56 V compared to 0.77 V for PfBTAZT-H:BTA3 0.71 V for PfBTAZT-F:BTA3), more complementary absorption with that of BTA3, and e?ective charge generation. Our results demonstrate that chlorination is an e?ective approach to realize a high PCE and VOC and thiophene-fused benzotriazole (BTAZT) based polymers are also good candidates for material combinations in “Same-A-Strategy” (SAS).
关键词： fluorinated-thiophene-fused-benzotriazole,PCE,non-fullerene acceptor,organic solar cells,high VOC,benzotriazole-based
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04