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Antenna Placement and Performance Tradeoffs with Hand Blockage in Millimeter Wave Systems
摘要： The ongoing commercial deployment of millimeter wave systems brings into focus a number of practical issues in form factor user equipment (UE) design. With wavelengths becoming smaller, antenna gain patterns becoming directional, and link budgets critically dependent on beamforming, it becomes imperative to use a number of antenna modules at different locations of the UE for good performance. While more antennas/modules can enhance beamforming array gains, it comes with the tradeoff of higher component cost, power consumption of the associated radio frequency circuitry, and a beam management overhead in learning the appropriate beam weights. Thus, the goal of a good UE design is to provide robust spherical coverage corresponding to good array gains over the entire sphere around the UE with a low beam management overhead, complexity, and cost. The scope of this paper is to study the implications of two popular commercial millimeter wave UE designs (a face and an edge design) on spherical coverage. We show that analog beam codebooks can result in good performance for both the designs, and the edge design provides a better tradeoff in terms of robust performance (with hand blockage), beam management overhead, implementation complexity from an antenna placement standpoint and cost.
关键词： hand blockage,5G-New Radio,Millimeter wave,spherical coverage,commercial deployments,antenna placement,UE design,modular design
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) - Silicon Valley, CA, USA (2018.7.9-2018.7.11)] 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) - 5G-NR Bandwidth Efficient Modulation Options for Efficient Link Operation that are Compatible with mmW Transistor Nonlinearities
摘要： The 5G network has a goal to significantly increase its energy efficiency with respect to the energy draw of the LTE network. The decision to use OFDM-based modulation for 5G-NR forces a low-valued ceiling on achievable energy efficiency from any linear power amplifier. This ceiling is lowest for amplifiers operating at frequencies near and above 30 GHz: the millimeter-wave bands. Transistors behave differently at these high frequencies, and the modulation used must change to match to these different characteristics. Ring oriented constellations with polar filtering meet these changed conditions.
关键词： transmitter,millimeter wave,efficiency,5G,new radio
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) - Silicon Valley, CA, USA (2018.7.9-2018.7.11)] 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) - 5G New Radio Physical Random Access Preamble Design
摘要： To cope with the stringent requirements imposed on the random access (RA) procedure by the use cases envisioned for 5G NR, we propose an RA preamble design based on cyclically delay-Doppler shifted ??-sequences. In contrast to the legacy 4G LTE RA preambles based on Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences, the proposed design is very robust against frequency uncertainties originating from wireless channel propagation and local oscillator imperfections. Simulation results show that the proposed ??-sequence based preambles deliver good performance even under harsh transmission conditions, while ZC based preambles fail. Further advantages of adopting ??-sequence based preambles in 5G NR include random access channel (RACH) capacity enhancement, support for low-power devices and low complexity implementation.
关键词： preamble,??-sequence,New Radio (NR),random access,5G,ZC sequence,RACH
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01