- 标题
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Preparation of highly transparent conductive aluminum-doped zinc oxide thin films using a low-temperature aqueous solution process for thin-film solar cells applications
摘要： In this work, we developed a facile route to fabricate highly transparent conductive AZO thin films by using an aqueous solution process followed by an ultraviolet (UV) exposure technique at an annealing temperature as low as 200 °C, where the aluminum citrate complex was used as the Al doping source. Various of deposition parameters in the AZO thin films fabrication process were studied and optimized. The mechanisms on UV exposure and heat treatment to the conductivity improvement and conductivity stability of the AZO films were analysed. Results showed that the AZO thin films under the best parameters conditions demonstrated an optical transmittance higher than 85% in the visible spectra region and a lowest electrical resistivity of 4.8 × 10?3 Ω cm, while exhibited densely oriented columnar grains and uniform surface morphology as well as uniform composition distribution. The UV exposure could remove carbon species from the surface of the AZO thin films to reduce oxygen-related defects and release free carriers at the boundaries and interfaces, thereby improving the conductivity of the AZO thin films. The simultaneous treatment of the AZO thin film by ultraviolet exposure and heat treatment could remove carbon species at a deeper thickness, thereby improving the conductive stability of the AZO thin films. Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cells incorporating the optimal AZO thin films as top electrodes demonstrated a best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.15%, which was comparable to the PCE value obtained by using the sputtering deposited AZO thin films as top electrodes.
关键词： AZO thin films,Aqueous solution process,Photoelectric properties,Ultraviolet exposure,Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Low temperature ZnO/TiOx electron-transport layer processed from aqueous solution for highly efficient and stable planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： Owing to the low temperature processability and high charge carrier mobility, ZnO has been successfully employed in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to act as the electron transport layer. Even so, because of the poor ZnO/perovskite interface chemical stability, achieving highly ef?cient and stable PSCs is still challenging the researchers. Therefore, the optimization of ZnO/perovskite interface by proper surface passivation has been developed for highly ef?cient PSCs. In this work, an environmentally friendly low-temperature aqueous solution-processed TiOx was applied on the aqueous solution-processed ZnO surface to promote the ZnO/perovskite interface stabilization and the interface charge recombination reduction. High performance PSCs with over 19% ef?ciency and relatively good stability were ?nally obtained. This low temperature aqueous solution-processed ZnO/TiOx route is simple and scalable, and facilities the future commercialization of perovskite based photovoltaic technology. Meanwhile, it is also compatible with the ?exible energy devices.
关键词： Electron transport layer,High performance,Aqueous solution-process,Perovskite solar cells,ZnO/TiOx layer
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Device Characteristics of Bandgap Tailored 10.04% Efficient CZTSSe Solar Cells Sprayed from Water Based Solution
摘要： Diverse S/(S+Se) ratio of Cu2ZnSn(Sx,Se1–x)4 (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells fabricated by water based spray pyrolysis approach. By fine tuning the S/(S+Se) ratio, base CZTSSe device efficiency has significantly improved from 7.02% to 10.04% by minimizing the Voc deficit up to 616 mV and increasing FF from 56.42% to 62.38%. As S/(S+Se) ratio was increased from 0 to 0.4, surface compactness was observed to be improved with slightly decreased grain size, which increased shunt resistance and resultantly increased fill factor. However, S-alloying more than S/(S+Se)=0.4, grain size was too much decreased and had detrimental effect on device performance. To deeply understand the role effect of S/(S+Se) ratio, detailed spectroscopic analysis performed with admittance spectroscopy (AS), temperature dependent current-voltage characteristic (J-V-T), time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and Raman depth profiling. Experimental results revealed that the different power conversion efficiency (PCE) limiting factors were developed with various S/(S+Se) ratio. High density of deep defect states generated with S/(S+Se) ≥ 40% content and larger conduction band offset observed with red kink were formed in the Se/(S+Se) ≥ 80% content. Hence, in order to get high efficient CZTSSe solar cell, fine tuning of S/(S+Se) ratio is necessary.
关键词： Aqueous solution,Defect characterization,Spray deposition,Chalcogen ratio,Photovoltaic properties,CZTSSe thin films
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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3D water-stable europium metal organic frameworks as a multi-responsive luminescent sensor for high-efficiency detection of Cr <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>7</sub><sup>2?</sup> , MnO <sub/>4</sub><sup>?</sup> , Cr <sup>3+</sup> ions and SDBS in aqueous solution
摘要： A microporous europium metal–organic framework (Eu-MOF), namely, {[Eu3(bpydb)3(HCOO)(OH)2(DMF)]·3DMF·2H2O}n (1) with asymmetric trinuclear metal clusters extended by 4,40-(4,40-bipyridine-2,6-diyl) dibenzoic acid has been synthesized via the solvothermal method. PXRD of 1 confirms that it possesses excellent water stability and pH stability. The photo-luminescence properties of 1 exhibit effective recognition of Cr2O72?, MnO4?, and Cr3+ ions and SDBS. Furthermore, a wide linear range, high quenching constant and a low detection limit reveal that 1 can potentially act as a luminescence-based sensor for quantitative and highly sensitive detection of Cr2O72?, MnO4?, and Cr3+ ions as well as SDBS in aqueous solutions. To the best of our knowledge, the detection limit of 1 is the lowest value reported for Ln-MOF-based luminescent sensors to detect Cr2O72? ions (0.5 mM) in aqueous solutions. The use of a rare earth fluorescent probe for detecting MnO4? ions is not common. It is the first time that Ln-MOF as a fluorescence probe is used for detecting SDBS. Moreover, fluorescent-based test papers of 1 have also been prepared, which can be helpful to develop visual detection for Cr2O72?, MnO4?, and Cr3+ ions as well as SDBS in daily applications.
关键词： aqueous solution,SDBS,MnO4?,luminescent sensor,Cr2O72?,europium metal–organic framework,Cr3+ ions
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Chiral Analysis || Raman Optical Activity
摘要： Raman optical activity (ROA) has many advantages over conventional Raman spectroscopy for investigation of chiral molecules, in general, and biological molecules, in particular, on account of their homochirality. Since it is a manifestation of vibrational optical activity [1], being complementary to vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), ROA is more sensitive to the 3D structures of chiral molecules through its dependence on their absolute handedness, which has led to its development as an incisive probe of the structure and behavior of biomolecules in aqueous solution. For example, ROA spectra obtained from proteins can provide detailed information on the secondary and tertiary structures adopted by polypeptide backbones. Additionally, ROA can probe the tautomers of side chains. In common with other vibrational spectroscopies, there is no restriction on the size of molecules, or in their type, that can be investigated by ROA, broadening its application to unfolded proteins, viruses, and carbohydrates.
关键词： vibrational circular dichroism,proteins,Raman optical activity,aqueous solution,carbohydrates,vibrational optical activity,biological molecules,biomolecules,viruses,chiral molecules
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Fabrication of MnO2-Amberlite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Alizarin Red S under Visible Light
摘要： Alizarin red S is a common toxic dyestuff causes water pollution that disturbs biota life in river and seawater. This study attempts to apply MnO2 immobilized in amberlite matrix to degrade Alizarin red S under UV illumination. With regard to various stirring time of MnO2-amberlite (6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 h) at room temperature, the BET verification shows the18 h-stirring time of MnO2-amberlite possessed the largest surface area (65.11 m2/g for 0.032 g sample). A strong peak of Mn-O linkage at 588 cm–1 is shown in FTIR spectra of MnO2-amberlite at 18 h stirring. The XRD of MnO2-amberlite at 18 h-stirring time shows a characteristic peak cluster at 25° (2è) related to additional crystal structure due to collision mechanical effect. SEM imaging of pure amberlite and different stirring time of MnO2-amberlite are also investigated. The fabricated MnO2-amberlite successfully degrades Alizarin red S under 1 h UV illumination (265 nm) applying 18 h-stirring time.
关键词： Aqueous solution,Photocatalytic degradation,Alizarin red S,MnO2-Amberlite
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Aqueous Solutions Using a Table-Top Femtosecond Soft X-ray Source
摘要： We demonstrate the feasibility of soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the water window using a table-top laser-based approach with organic molecules and inorganic salts in aqueous solution. A high-order harmonic source delivers femtosecond pulses of short wavelength radiation in the photon energy range from 220 eV to 450 eV. We report static soft X-ray absorption measurements in transmission on the solvated compounds CO(NH2)2, CaCl2, and NaNO3, using flatjet technology. We monitor the absorption of the molecular samples between the carbon (≈280 eV) and nitrogen (≈400 eV) K-edges and compare our results with previous measurements performed at the BESSYII facility. We discuss the roles of pulse stability and photon flux in the outcome of our experiments. Our work paves the way towards table-top femtosecond, solution phase soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the water window.
关键词： aqueous solution,high-order harmonic source,flatjet technology,soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy,table-top laser-based approach,femtosecond pulses,water window
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14