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Improvement of nickel nanocomposite coatings by combining zinc-doped TiO2 nanoparticles
摘要： Pure nickel and compound of nickel coatings (Ni-TiO2 and Ni-Zn/TiO2) were coated on the steel material using Watts bath with the electrodeposition conditions. Effect of the nanoparticle type and current density on the coating structure, surface morphology of the coating, hardness of the coating, and the corrosion properties of the coatings are presented. Phase and elemental analysis of the coatings were carried out by XRD and EDS techniques, respectively. SEM was used to investigate the surface morphology of the coatings, and Vickers microhardness values were measured to determine the hardness variation of the coatings. NaCl solution (3.5 wt%) was used to evaluate the corrosion properties of the coatings by the potentiodynamic polarization tests. Corrosion current density of 2.890 μA/cm2 for pure nickel coating was improved to 0.379 μA/cm2 by the coating of Zn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles at the 7A/dm2 current density. Microhardness of the Zn-doped TiO2 coating was improved compared to the pure Ni coating.
关键词： Sol-gel processes,Metal matrix composites,Nanoparticles,Composite coatings
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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AFM-assisted investigation of conformal coatings in electronics
摘要： Purpose – This paper aims to presents a new method of investigation of local properties of conformal coatings utilized in microelectronics. Design/methodology/approach – It is based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique supplemented with the ability of local electrical measurements, which apart from topography acquisition allows recording of local impedance spectra, impedance imaging and dc current mapping. Potentialities of the proposed AFM-assisted approach have been demonstrated on commercially available epoxy-coated electronic printed boards in as-received state and after six-year service. Findings – The technique proved to be capable of identi?cation, spatial localization and characterization of conformal coating defects. Practical implications – The proposed approach can be utilized for assessment of protective ?lm state in such demanding ?elds as electronics or electrotechnics where the classical techniques of anticorrosion coatings investigation cannot be employed due to small element dimensions and relatively low coating thickness. Originality/value – The approach adopted by the author is novel in the ?eld of organic coatings investigation.
关键词： Degradation,Corrosion,Electronics,Microscopy,Coatings and linings
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Waikoloa Village, HI, USA (2018.6.10-2018.6.15)] 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Effects of Solar-Glass Coatings on the Adhesion Forces Related to Soiling
摘要： We report on the impact that different coatings on solar glass have on the adhesion forces with SiO2 spheres, which are used to emulate real dust particles. We measured the forces in an atomic force microscope, using force versus distance measurements, and performed the investigation at different values of relative humidity, from 15% to 80%. We will show that, in general, bare solar glass has the largest adhesive forces, with a strong influence of RH. In contrast, some coatings result in much lower adhesion forces and little influence of humidity, which suggests that these coatings may help reduce soiling, and have an impact on soiling associated with dew formation and some cementation processes.
关键词： coatings,adhesion forces,Soiling
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Preparation of humidity, abrasion, and dust resistant antireflection coatings for photovoltaic modules via dual precursor modification and hybridization of hollow silica nanospheres
摘要： Antire?ection (AR) coatings on solar glass, used in photovoltaic (PV) modules, generally encounter harsh environments, which demands that AR coatings must hinder moisture penetration, scratch damage, and dust accumulation. Though chemical modi?cation generally bene?ts the multi-functionalization of AR coatings, it is likely to bring about a degradation of optical and mechanical properties. We demonstrated that a well-controlled dual precursor modi?cation/hybridization process of hollow silica nanospheres was the key to achieve the robust multifunctional AR coatings. The dual precursor-derived AR coatings exhibited an increase of 5.08% in average transmittance at wavelengths from 300 to 1200 nm and a small relative reduction below 0.6% after an ultra-long highly-accelerated humidity and temperature stress test duration of 120 h, equivalent to a 5000 h damp heat test at a temperature and a relative humidity of 85 °C and 85%, respectively, as well as the excellent abrasion and dust resistance. The e?ects of the dual precursor-derived AR coatings on PV devices were evaluated by the encapsulated crystalline silicon mini-modules, where the improvements of 2.45% and 3.20% in the short-circuit current and the power conversion e?ciency (Jsc and PCE) on average, respectively, relative to the bare glass encapsulated mini-modules were observed; meanwhile, the dust resistance of the AR coatings brought about the less degradations of 1.01% and 1.15% in Jsc and PCE, respectively, after the dust settling and removal tests, while the mini-modules with bare glass were 3.45% and 4.40%. It was believed that the dual-precursor, potentially, multi-precursor protocols would pave the way towards developing mechanically robust AR coatings with various fascinating functionalities, such as anti-?ngerprint, anti-soiling, anti-fogging, and anti-icing.
关键词： Dual precursors,Hollow silica nanospheres,Antire?ection coatings,Dust resistance,Abrasion,Humidity
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Preparation and properties of duplex NI-P-TIO <sub/>2</sub> /NI nanocomposite coatings
摘要： Duplex Ni-P-TiO2/Ni coatings were deposited on the brass substrate by using two baths. Ni-P-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings were electroplated as the outer layer on the Ni-plated brass substrate by adding transparent TiO2 sol (0–50 mL/L) into the Ni-P plating solution. The microstructure, mechanical property and corrosion resistance of the duplex Ni-P-TiO2/Ni nanocomposite coatings were systemically investigated. The results show that the interface of duplex coating was uniform and the adhesion between two layers was extremely good. The microhardness of duplex Ni-P-12.5 mL/L TiO2 /Ni coating was ～616 HV50 compared to ～539 HV50 of Ni-P /Ni coating and ～307 HV50 of single Ni coating. Meanwhile, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the duplex nanocomposite coating have also been improved remarkably compared with single Ni coating. However, adding excessive TiO2 sol (more than 12.5 mL/L) caused the agglomeration of TiO2 nanoparticles and led to a porous structure in the outer layer, resulting in the deterioration of coating properties.
关键词： Nanocomposite coatings,mechanical property,corrosion resistance.
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Thickness identification of nonconductive coatings using terahertz time domain spectroscopy system
摘要： There are many nondestructive methods of coatings evaluation. Only a few of them can be utilized in case of coatings deposited on nonconductive elements. This paper presents application of a terahertz time domain spectroscopy for measuring thickness of thin nonconductive coatings. In order to develop a robust algorithm for thickness identification various experiments were carried out. A metal vessel filled with a small amount of oil was used as the test specimen. Such specimen allows us to easily achieve sample with a variable coating thickness.
关键词： terahertz,coatings,Non-destructive testing
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photosensitized TiO2 films on polymers – Titania-polymer interactions and visible light induced photoactivity
摘要： Photocatalytic coatings at polymers, showing a visible light induced photoactivity, can be synthesized using a low temperature oxygen plasma treatment of the polymer (PP) followed by deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles and their sensitization with organic ligands. The whole process consists of three major steps: surface activation involving its partial oxidation, immobilization of TiO2 nanoparticles and photosensitization of titania film by impregnation with the solution of organic ligands forming surface Ti(IV) charge transfer complexes. XPS and IR analysis revealed the formation of oxygen-containing groups at the polymer surface upon plasma treatment. These groups participate in the formation of Ti-O-C bonds which ensure a very good adhesion of titania films to polymeric surface. The dip-coating process using an aqueous colloidal solution of TiO2 nanoparticles allows to synthesize a compact coating with a thickness of 100-300 nm. Coordination of catechol-like ligands to surface Ti(IV) centers results in formation of colored charge transfer complexes responsible for absorption of visible light and an effective photoinduced charge separation. Photogenerated electrons and holes can take part in surface redox reactions responsible for degradation of pollutants. Tests with various organic ligands (catechol, 2,3-naphthalenediol, pyrogallol and rutin) revealed, that the titanium dioxide coating modified with catechol was the most photoactive one when visible light irradiation was applied. Presented photocatalytic coatings can be effectively used as self-sterilizing surfaces activated by visible light.
关键词： photocatalysis,XPS analysis,TiO2 coatings,photosensitization,plasma treatment
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Optically Responsive, Smart Anti-Bacterial Coatings via the Photofluidization of Azobenzenes
摘要： Antibacterial strategies sans antibiotic drugs have recently garnered much interest as a mechanism by which to inhibit biofilm formation and growth on surfaces due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Based on the photofluidization of azobenzenes, we demonstrate for the first time the ability achieve up to a 4 log reduction in bacterial biofilms by opto-mechanically activating the disruption and dispersion of biofilms. This unique strategy with which to enable biofilm removal offers a novel paradigm with which to combat antibiotic resistance.
关键词： photofluidization,azobenzenes,photoresponsive polymers,antibacterial and antifouling strategies,optically responsive materials,antibacterial coatings,smart materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Ni-P-TiO <sub/>2</sub> nanocomposite coatings with uniformly dispersed Ni <sub/>3</sub> Ti intermetallics: effects of TiO <sub/>2</sub> nanoparticles concentration
摘要： Ni-P-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings were electrodeposited on copper substrates and influence of TiO2 nanoparticles concentration on the phase structure, morphology, chemical composition, microhardness, and corrosion behaviour of the coatings was investigated. Results demonstrate that Ni3Ti intermetallics form and grow during the electrodeposition of the coatings. This study is the first to report the formation of the intermetallics in the case of electrodeposited Ni-P alloy matrix composite coatings. Moreover, the formation mechanism of the intermetallics is discussed in detail. The formed intermetallics dispersed uniformly throughout the microstructure of the nanocomposite coatings, thereby playing a critical role in improving the mechanical and corrosion-related properties of the coatings. Ni-P-10 g·L?1 TiO2 nanocomposite coating possessing the highest amount of Ni3Ti intermetallic associated with the lowest P content, thereby showing the superior microhardness and corrosion resistance. All in all, the volume fraction of Ni3Ti intermetallics is the dominant factor altering the various properties of the coatings.
关键词： corrosion behaviour,DC electrodeposition,Ni-P-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings,Ni3Ti intermetallic,mechanical properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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141 Induction Heating of TiO 2 Coating on SS Substrate for Photocatalysis 2016 60 3 Induction Heating Consolidation of TiO 2 Sol-Gel Coating on Stainless Steel Support for Photocatalysis Applications
摘要： A high-frequency induction heater was used to sinter titanium dioxide thin film on stainless steel plates with the aim of being used as photo-electrodes in wastewaters treatment. To validate the use of this sintering technique, the electrodes were prepared using sol-gel and dip-coating, followed by two different annealing processes for comparison: a conventional furnace and a high-frequency induction heating. To characterize the electrodes, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical and photocatalysis tests were performed. Anatase and rutile phases were obtained for both annealing techniques. A more regular surface morphology was achieved via the induction heating (IH) treatment at 300 oC. The impedance study showed a lower resistance of IH samples, representing an improvement in the charge carrier separation and its fast transfer to the surface of the electrode. The photo-oxidation of methylene blue exhibited a higher degradation compared with the conventional furnace samples prepared in this study.
关键词： Photocatalysis,Azo dye,Coatings,Electrochemical techniques,Titanium dioxide,Induction heating sintering
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52