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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Singapore (2018.5.22-2018.5.25)] 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Spatial Data-Based Techno-economic Evaluation of Solar Hydrogen Production in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region
摘要： The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is endowed with solar energy that can be harvested and stored as hydrogen, which has gained increasing focus as a secondary energy medium. This paper introduces modeling and feasibility analysis of cost-optimized hydrogen production, storage, shipment, and methanation in the MENA region. The analysis is based on the economic modeling of hydrogen production through the combination of photovoltaic solar power and electrolysis systems, utilizing NASA surface Meteorology and Solar Energy database (2010)[1]. A system of 100MW grid-connected photovoltaic PV power plant (grid-PV) in combination with hydrogen producing electrolyzer are simulated using spatial data for the MENA region. Then, the simulation assesses cost of methane production by Sabatier synthesis of carbon dioxide. The unit cost of hydrogen from a system, which consists of 100MW PV solar plant and electrolyzer, ranged 4-8 US$/kg. Methanation was found to be expensive vis-à-vis regionally traded natural gas. Location is a major determinant to hydrogen cost due to the difference in irradiation and logistics. In conclusion, this paper can serve as an atlas for mapping the cost of solar power and hydrogen production in the MENA region, and facilitates further research in the future.
关键词： hydrogen,energy systems,power cost,LCOE,photovoltaics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Evaluation of the reliability of solar micro-grids in emerging markets – Issues and solutions
摘要： One of the most important technical features of a power system is its ability to deliver electricity reliably to the customers. Based on interviews with 12 energy service companies (ESCO) currently operating solar micro-grids in northern rural India, this study identified important factors related to technical design, customer behaviour and operations and management (O&M) that may result in contingencies in service. In addition, the study presents companies' innovative solutions to overcome these problems. Initially, the interview method allowed only a rough qualitative comparison of different reliability levels as the availability of comparable data was limited. We found that a more descriptive method for reliability assessment would create equally valuable information on renewable off-grid energy projects. We propose a simple framework for assessing reliability that highlights the particular features of off-grid areas in developing countries.
关键词： Reliability,Micro-grid,Energy systems in developing countries,India,Technical sustainability,Reliability assessment
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production
摘要： This paper addresses the energy management of a standalone renewable energy system. The system is configured as a microgrid, including photovoltaic generation, a lead-acid battery as a short term energy storage system, hydrogen production, and several loads. In this microgrid, an energy management strategy has been incorporated that pursues several objectives. On the one hand, it aims to minimize the amount of energy cycled in the battery, in order to reduce the associated losses and battery size. On the other hand, it seeks to take advantage of the long-term surplus energy, producing hydrogen and extracting it from the system, to be used in a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. A crucial factor in this approach is to accommodate the energy consumption to the energy demand and to achieve this, a model predictive control (MPC) scheme is proposed. In this context, proper models for solar estimation, hydrogen production, and battery energy storage will be presented. Moreover, the controller is capable of advancing or delaying the deferrable loads from its prescheduled time. As a result, a stable and efficient supply with a relatively small battery is obtained. Finally, the proposed control scheme has been validated on a real case scenario.
关键词： model predictive control,standalone renewable energy systems,hydrogen,fuel cells,solar photovoltaic energy,deferrable loads,demand side management
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Lithium-Ion Capacitor for Photovoltaic Energy System
摘要： A design of photovoltaic energy system consisting of a solar panel and hybrid supercapacitor is discussed. The application of lithium-ion capacitor in photovoltaic energy system is considered to be a novel promising way in order to fill up the gap between the specific energy, power and service life of the battery and supercapacitor. In this work there was developed an advanced lithium-ion capacitor that can provide both a sufficiently high energy density and the increased power density and service life. Developing the lithium-ion capacitors, the capacity of cathode can vary over a wide range, reaching the value required for the optimum photovoltaic energy system performance.
关键词： photovoltaic energy systems,supercapacitors,batteries,lithium-ion capacitors,hybrid electrochemical capacitors
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || System Thermal Calculations
摘要： In Chapters 6 through 9 we have developed mathematical models for two of the key components in solar energy systems: collectors and storage units. In this chapter we show how other components can be modeled and how the component models can be combined into system models. With information on the magnitude and time distribution of the system loads and the weather, it is possible to simultaneously solve the set of equations to estimate the thermal performance of a solar process over any time period. These estimates (simulations) are usually done numerically and provide information on the expected dynamic behavior of the system and long-term integrated performance.
关键词： mathematical models,solar energy systems,simulations,thermal performance,collectors,storage units
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Energy and exergy efficiencies enhancement analysis of integrated photovoltaic-based energy systems
摘要： Integrated energy systems (IESs) take advantage of the complementarity of their subsystems to improve the overall system functionality, sustainability and performance. Presently, the cost of the recovery of thermodynamic losses from photovoltaic modules has not been addressed. In this study, novel energy and exergy efficiencies enhancement analysis (EEEEA) is proposed for the study of the implications of recovering the conversion and usage losses from a photovoltaic (PV) module. Four evolutionary IES were analysed: a PV-Battery (System 1); a Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T)-Battery (System 2); a PV-Battery-Electrolyser-Fuel cell (System 3) and a PV/T-Battery-Electrolyser-Fuel cell (System 4). Actual solar radiation and temperature data coupled with synthesised data were applied. Results show that both the energy and exergy efficiencies of System 2 upgraded by 27.89% and 5.42%, respectively, over System 1. The energy and exergy efficiencies of System 3 degraded by 3.11% and 4.10%, respectively, over System 1; whereas the energy and exergy efficiencies of System 4 degraded by 21.92% and 7.72%, respectively, over System 2. Furthermore, the thermodynamic efficiencies of the IESs did not naturally upgrade with system complexity. The EEEEA can help scientists, engineers and policymakers to analyse IESs with a parent-offspring relationship in order to establish the optimum efficiency and thermo-economics.
关键词： Photovoltaics,Integrated energy systems,Energy and exergy analysis,Exergy centred design,Distributed systems
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Equitable Distribution of Wind and Photovoltaic Power Curtailment
摘要： Curtailment algorithm for renewable energy sources interconnected to a power grid has been developed so that the oversupply in the power grid could be prevented. The algorithm consists of the optimization problem the objective function of which is the equitable distribution of minimized curtailment. The energy loss due to the curtailment is applied to evaluating the equitable distribution of curtailment in the optimization problem. The proposed algorithm has been simulated by using the predicted value of load demand, thermal, wind, and photovoltaics generating units from June 2014 to March 2015. It was found that the oversupply is solved by the proposed algorithm and the energy loss for the renewable energy sources are distributed equitably.
关键词： power station control,optimization problems,power systems,integer programming,renewable energy systems,frequency control
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A Multi-Agent Social Gamification Model to Guide Sustainable Urban Photovoltaic Panels Installation Policies
摘要： The paper presents a holistic and quantitative model of social gami?cation in a smart city, which is likely to stimulate the photovoltaic panels installation. The coupling of multi-agent systems, GIS tools, demographic data, and a spatial knowledge base made it possible to develop and calibrate a computable model of social interaction in a “model smart city,” as well as to quantitatively evaluate the deployment of photovoltaic panels. It also enabled the analysis of factors a?ecting the e?ciency of this process, e.g., the photovoltaic potential of solar roofs, the ownership of buildings, the type of building development, the level of social trust, institutional and social incentives, and the development of an information society. The devised model is tested on the city of Warsaw, utilizing spatial and descriptive data provided by city authorities.
关键词： smart city,spatial databases,gami?cation,renewable energy systems,photovoltaics,multi-agent systems
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE '19 ECCE Europe) - Genova, Italy (2019.9.3-2019.9.5)] 2019 21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE '19 ECCE Europe) - Sub-Module Level Differential Power Processing for Parallel-Connected Architecture in Photovoltaic Systems
摘要： The partial shading on parallel-connected photovoltaic (PV) modules introduces severe mismatch issues in PV systems, which significantly affects the overall output power. Distributed maximum power point tracking (DMPPT) is considered as an effective solution to the resultant mismatch in parallel-connected PV sub-modules. In this context, this paper proposes a sub-module level switched-inductor (SL) based differential power processing (DPP) technique for parallel connections to alleviate the mismatch effect. The technique can achieve the maximum output power under mismatch by equalizing the sub-module voltages. The proposed technique is analyzed and compared through simulations with a traditional (Schottky diode) bypassing technique.
关键词： Renewable energy systems,Schottky diode,Distributed power,Photovoltaic
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Estimation of photovoltaic generation forecasting models using limited information
摘要： This work deals with the problem of estimating a photovoltaic generation forecasting model in scenarios where measurements of meteorological variables (i.e., solar irradiance and temperature) at the plant site are not available. A novel algorithm for the estimation of the parameters of the well-known PVUSA model of a photovoltaic plant is proposed. Such a method is characterized by a low computational complexity, and efficiently exploits only power generation measurements, a theoretical clear-sky irradiance model, and temperature forecasts provided by a meteorological service. The proposed method is validated on real data.
关键词： Model fitting,Photovoltaic generation,Energy systems,Forecasting
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22