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Laser-treated glass platform for rapid wicking-driven transport and particle separation in bio microfluidics
摘要： In this work, we present a laser-based fabrication technique for direct patterning of micro-channels consisting of interconnected micro-cracks on soda-lime glass. Using a CO2 laser to deposit energy at a linear rate of 18.75 to 93.75 mJ mm?1, we were able to manipulate the micro-crack formation, while enabling rapid manufacturing and scalable production of cracked-glass microfluidic patterns on glass. At the higher end of the energy deposition rate (93.75 mJ mm?1), the laser fabricated microfluidic channels (1 mm wide and 20 mm long) had extremely fast wicking speeds (24.2 mm s?1, ～10 faster than filter paper) as a result of significant capillary action and laser-induced surface hydrophilization. At the lower end (18.75 mJ mm?1), 3–4 mm wide micro-cracked crevices resulted in an increased mesh/sieve density, hence, more efficiently filtering particle-laden liquid samples. The reproducibility tests revealed an averaged wicking speed of 10.6 ± 1.5 mm s?1 measured over 21 samples fabricated under similar conditions, similar to that of filter paper (～85%). The micro-cracked channels exhibited a stable shelf life of at least 82 days with a wicking speed within 10–13 mm s?1.
关键词： laser-based fabrication,particle separation,soda-lime glass,micro-channels,wicking speeds
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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The Preparation and Up-Conversion Properties of Full Spectrum CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) Quantum Dots Glasses
摘要： All-inorganic perovskite (CsPbX3) quantum dots (QDs) have achieved unprecedented success in various applications due to their outstanding performance. Nevertheless, the inherent instability of these QDs severely limits their practical applications. Here, ultra-stable full visible spectrum CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) QDs glasses were prepared successfully. For the first time, CsPbX3 QDs glasses were observed full spectrum tunable up-conversion (UC) emission (420–711 nm) with the excitation of 800 nm femtosecond (fs) laser. Importantly, the two-photon absorption properties, the exciton binding energy and the UC full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the CsPbCl1.5Br1.5 (blue), CsPbBr3 (green), and CsPbBr1.5I1.5 (red) QDs glasses were studied in depth. Furthermore, CsPbCl1.5Br1.5 was observed to have the highest exciton binding energy (~87.5 meV), allowing the CsPbCl1.5Br1.5 QDs glass to act as a good optical gain material that could more easily achieve amplified spontaneous emission (ASE).
关键词： CsPbX3 perovskite,full spectrum,two-photon,QDs glass,UC emission
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Rare-Earth Doped Phosphate Optical Fibres and Rods for Compact Pulsed Optical Amplification
摘要： In the last decade high energy and high peak power pulsed laser sources have been in a great demand for a variety of applications such as remote sensing (LIDAR, DIAL), range findings, communications systems and material processing. Since the energy of the pulsed laser oscillator is generally much lower than the one required for the applications, a fibre amplifier is commonly used to boost the output power, realizing the so called MOPA (Master Oscillator Power Amplifier) laser architecture. The realization of a fibre amplifier requires an active medium with high optical gain in short length, in order to mitigate nonlinear optical effects. Multicomponent phosphate glasses are recognized to be an ideal host material for the realization of these fibres, as they can be doped with large amounts of rare earth (RE) ions (up to 1021 ions/cm3) without clustering, thus allowing the fabrication of extremely compact active devices with high optical gain (> 5 dB/cm) in short length [1,2]. Moreover, phosphate glasses possess good thermo-mechanical properties, high emission cross-sections, high optical damage threshold and are less susceptible than silica to photodarkening [3,4]. With the aim of realizing short-length amplifiers in the 1 μm and 1.5 μm wavelength range, highly Yb3+ and Yb3+-Er3+-doped custom phosphate glass compositions were designed and fabricated by melt-quenching technique. Suitable cladding compositions were explored. The manufactured glasses were thoroughly investigated. First of all, they were thermo-mechanically characterized, then the glasses underwent optical characterization such as refractive index measurement, FTIR spectroscopy and, for active glass, RE emission spectroscopy resolved in time and frequency. Phosphate fibers and rods were then manufactured by preform drawing using a custom induction heated optical fiber drawing tower, with the preform being obtained by rod-in-tube technique. Preliminary results of optical amplification are presented for a single stage MOPA, both in the 1 μm and 1.5 μm wavelength range.
关键词： compact pulsed optical amplification,Yb3+-Er3+-doped,MOPA,phosphate glass compositions,Yb3+,rare-earth doped phosphate optical fibres
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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AlPO <sub/>4</sub> in Silica Glass Optical Fibers: Deduction of Additional Material Properties
摘要： A silica clad optical ?ber with a core comprised of SiO2, P2O5, Al2O3, and AlPO4 is analyzed in order to determine the impact of AlPO4 when added to silica. A chromatic dispersion curve is presented, from which the nonlinear refractive index is estimated to be similar to that of silica. When doped into SiO2, AlPO4 decreases the thermo-optic coef?cient (slightly), decreases the acoustic velocity, broadens the Brillouin spectral width through increased viscoelastic damping, and reduces the strength of the dependence of Brillouin frequency on temperature. Findings herein indicate that AlPO4 has a near-zero value of p12. It also is found that the ?ber does not have complete AlPO4 formation, with some P2O5 formation in Al2O3-rich regions of the ?ber. Given the relevance of AlPO4 to high power active ?ber technology, the presented data can be used for designing ?bers with enhanced performance characteristics, such as those with elevated threshold for the onset of stimulated Brillouin scattering.
关键词： Fiber optics,phosphorus,aluminum,?ber lasers,?ber nonlinear optics,optical materials,optical ?ber testing,glass
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Boson Band Vibrations Aid Refractive Index Mapping of Waveguides in High Index Chalcogenide Glass
摘要： The boson band mapping of waveguides fabricated by femtosecond laser inscription was used for the first time to identify and understand the material densification profile in chalcogenide glasses. The refractive index mapping of waveguides in high refractive index dielectrics is problematic as there are no known techniques. Refracted near field technique cannot be carried out in glasses with refractive index higher than 1.6 due to the lack of availability or toxic nature of the index matching oil. Though other techniques based on holographic and phase microscopies are available, sample preparation steps compatible with reliable measurement are tedious and in some cases, like diamond, is almost impossible. In this work, using the information obtained from the Bosonic band vibrations, we explain waveguide formation in Gallium Lanthanum Sulphide (GLS) glass. The boson peak shows up in any amorphous material regardless of its constituents or stoichiometry and is observed in the low frequency region between 0 – 100 cm-1. Their origin is a well debated and controversial topic. Here we make use of its response to the physical properties of the material.
关键词： refractive index mapping,waveguides,boson band vibrations,chalcogenide glass,femtosecond laser inscription
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Structure, crystallization, and dielectric properties of the Al <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> filled CaO–B <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> –SiO <sub/>2</sub> –Al <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> glass composites for LTCC applications
摘要： The glass structures and crystallization behaviors of CaO–B2O3–SiO2 (C1) and CaO–B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3 (C1A03) glasses are investigated. The addition of Al3+ into CaO–B2O3–SiO2 glass acts as a glass former and bonds with the silicon tetrahedron with non-bridged oxygen to form Si–O–Al–O–Si, which increases the Q4 structural unit. The relative dielectric constants for C1 and C1A03 glass systems were all about 7.8–8.4. Compared to the C1 glass, the size and amount of pores decreased for the C1A03, leading to a higher dielectric constant. The C1A03 glass system exhibits better Qxf value than the C1 system due to the decrease in the size and amount of pores. The Qxf value roughly decreased with increasing glass addition for the densified samples. The C1A03 glasses with 50 wt% alumina exhibited the highest dielectric constant (8.4) and Qxf value (3150 GHz) due the maximum densification and highest amount of anorthite were obtained.
关键词： crystallization,dielectric properties,CaO–B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3 glass,LTCC,Al2O3
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - A Novel Saturable Absorber: Transparent Glass-Ceramics Based on Co <sup>2+</sup> :Li(Al,Ga) <sub/>5</sub> O <sub/>8</sub> Spinel Nanocrystals
摘要： Cobalt ions (Co2+) embedded in tetrahedral (Td) sites are known for their intense absorption around 1.5 μm. Crystals such as spinel, MgAl2O4, doped with Co2+ ions in Td sites are recognized as excellent saturable absorbers (SAs) for eye-safe erbium lasers. Due to the relative difficulty to grow high-quality Co:MgAl2O4 crystals and fixed position of the Co2+ absorption band in spinel single-crystals, other Co2+-doped materials were proposed such as transparent glass-ceramics (GCs) and ceramics based on various spinels [1]. Transparent GCs offer a size-scalable synthesis method based on glass melting technology and variable spectroscopic properties as compared to crystals, and much higher laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) as compared to ceramics. GCs based on MgAl2O4 spinel nanocrystals modified by the addition of Ga3+ cations allow one to extend the SA properties until 1.7 μm [2]. In the present work, we describe the synthesis, structure, optical spectroscopy, nonlinear properties and passive Q-switching (PQS) performance of novel transparent GCs based on Co2+:Li(Al,Ga)5O8 nanocrystals. A lithium gallium aluminosilicate glass nucleated by TiO2 was doped with 0.1 mol% CoO. The GCs were produced by secondary heat-treatments at 680-850 oC for 6 h resulting in highly transparent, blue-colored samples, Fig. 1(a). The precipitation of nanosized spinel crystals was confirmed by XRD and TEM, Fig. 1(b,c), and Raman spectroscopy. The transparent GCs exhibited a broadband absorption band at 1.3-1.65 μm due to the 4A2(4F) → 4T1(4F) transition of Co2+ ions in Td sites in Li(Al,Ga)5O8 nanocrystals, Fig. 2(a). The saturable absoption of GC heat-treated at 750 oC for 6 h was studied by Z-scan method at 1540 nm using ns pulses. The saturation fluence FS is 0.50±0.05 J/cm2 and the LIDT exceeded 20 J/cm2, Fig. 2(b). This transparent GC was used to fabricate a SA for PQS of a compact diode-pumped Er,Yb:glass laser. This laser generated stable 7.4 ns / 1.34 mJ pulses at 1535 nm (peak power: 181 kW). The developed GC are promising as SAs for erbium lasers based on glass and crystalline materials (e.g., Er:YAG lasers emitting at 1617 nm and 1645 nm). This is because the broadband absorption of Co2+ ions in GCs is notably red-shifted as compared to Co:MgAl2O4 crystals which, in turn, is caused by the different spinel nanophase composition.
关键词： transparent glass-ceramics,Ga)5O8,Co2+:Li(Al,spinel nanocrystals,passive Q-switching,saturable absorber
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Non‐invasive on‐site Raman study of polychrome and white enamelled glass artefacts in imitation of porcelain assigned to Bernard Perrot and his followers
摘要： Bernard Perrot produced sophisticated glass objects from ~1666–1709 in Orléans, particularly white enamelled artefacts and ruby glass. We present here the first non‐invasive Raman study of 16 polychrome and white enamelled glass artefacts that are assigned to Bernard Perrot or his followers. These glasses belong to the museum collections at Orléans and Sèvres in France. The prominent characteristic of these artefacts is their white bodies that were produced in imitation of porcelain. The small thickness of enamel applied to these glasses imposes the use of a high magnification (×200) long working distance microscope objective for Raman analysis. Pigments and opacifiers were identified, and the production technology was discussed. White opacification was found to be obtained by three compounds: calcium phosphate (bone opacification) for blown utensils, calcium antimonate for figurines, and cassiterite for thin enamels. The use of characteristic arsenic‐rich European cobalt was identified in the blue enamels with the characteristic Raman signature of lead arsenate apatite as observed for the 17th and 18th century French soft‐paste porcelains and Limoges enamels. The easy Raman detection of arsenic‐rich phases also allows on‐site identification of ruby glasses produced according to Perrot's technique (formation of Au° colloids by reaction initiated with an arsenic salt). The amount and crystallinity of calcium phosphate being variable appears to be a potential tool to discriminate between different production periods or workshops.
关键词： 17th century,porcelain,pigments,glass,enamels
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Nd3+-doped mixed-anion fluoro-sulfo-phosphate glass for 1.06?μm solid-state laser
摘要： Fluoro-sulfo-phosphate poly-anionic glasses KPO3–AlF3–K2SO4 (KPFS) and Nd3+-doped samples (Nd–KPFS) were prepared by conventional melt-quenching method and their physical properties were comprehensively analyzed. Their actual glass compositions were carefully checked by di?erent methods. These glasses exhibit typically low linear refractive index nd (~ 1.482) and nonlinear refractive index n2 (~ 0.86 × 10?13 esu), high Abbe's number (~ 72.0) and moderate elasticity modulus E (~ 50.2 GPa). The spectroscopic properties of Nd–KPFS specimens are further evaluated by the Judd-Ofelt theory, and the results suggest that the stimulated radiative parameters can be enhanced by tuning sulfate contents. Besides, Nd–KPFS glasses present relatively long lifetime τexp (~ 428 μs) and large ?gure of merit FOM (~ 9.29 × 10?24 cm2 s). All of the results imply that such ?uoro-sulfo-phosphate glass would be a promising candidate for solid-state laser.
关键词： Physical properties,1.06 μm,Nd3+,Fluoro-sulfo-phosphate glass
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15) - Fes, Morocco (25–27 March 2019)] 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15) - Compromise solutions for design and technology of Fresnel lenses as sunlight concentrators
摘要： In the paper, the approaches to the Fresnel lens design in a rectilinear (“classical”) and a curvilinear (“aspherical”) refracting profile versions are discussed regarding silicone-on-glass and 3D printing technology. The advantages of short-focus lenses with an increased Fresnel profile pitch are shown. The mathematical model used for concentrating solar radiation based on direct tracking of rays has made it possible to solve the problems of designing the concentrators and comparing their characteristics with due account for limitations of the manufacturing methods used and the Fresnel lens shape errors arising from manufacturing. Optimized design parameters of Fresnel lenses based on silicone (Wacker 604) and thermoplastic (Luxexcel Opticlear) materials are presented.
关键词： optical efficiency,silicone-on-glass,chromatic aberration,Fresnel lenses,sunlight concentrators,3D printing
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04