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[IEEE 2018 14th International Conference on Advanced Trends in Radioelecrtronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering (TCSET) - Lviv-Slavske (2018.2.20-2018.2.24)] 2018 14th International Conference on Advanced Trends in Radioelecrtronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering (TCSET) - Formation of the image of investigated biological objects with small contrast in a scanning TV microscope
摘要： It is analyzed ways and methods of contrast improvements of biological objects images, which are created by television optical microscope. Advantages of TV scanning microscope usage for biological objects images formations are reviewed. Methods of research stages which allow to improve microscope parameters are shown in this paper.
关键词： image contrast,biological object,microscope calibration,microscope sensitivity
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering] Engineering Vibration, Communication and Information Processing Volume 478 (ICoEVCI 2018, India) || A Facile Synthesis of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) by Electrochemical Exfoliation of Battery Electrode
摘要： Graphene is a two-dimensional allotrope of carbon, in which carbon atoms are arranged in a hexagonal structure. All carbon atoms in graphene are sp2 hybridized due to which three atoms are bonded to neighboring atoms and one electron is unbounded. Here, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost technique to synthesize the graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide from readily available battery graphite by means of an electrochemical method using liquid electrolyte. The graphite in the battery electrode has been expanded using acid for effective exfoliation. This is used to increase the interlayer spacing of graphite causes the van der Waals forces to cease. Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide (reduction using ascorbic acid) have been synthesized using this technique. The optical microscope image has shown few layer ?akes and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) demonstrated the reduction of oxygen content. The proposed setup is cheap and environmentally benign in nature.
关键词： Graphene oxide,Optical microscope,Electrochemical technique,Reduced graphene oxide,XRD
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Fast confocal fluorescence imaging in freely behaving mice
摘要： Fluorescence imaging in the brain of freely behaving mice is challenging due to severe miniaturization constraints. In particular, the ability to image a large field of view at high temporal resolution and with efficient out-of-focus background rejection still raises technical difficulties. Here, we present a novel fiberscope system that provides fast (up to 200 Hz) background-free fluorescence imaging in freely behaving mice over a field of view of diameter 230 μm. The fiberscope is composed of a custom-made multipoint-scanning confocal microscope coupled to the animal with an image guide and a micro-objective. By simultaneously registering a multipoint-scanning confocal image and a conventional widefield image, we subtracted the residual out-of-focus background and provided a background-free confocal image. Illumination and detection pinholes were created using a digital micromirror device, providing high adaptability to the sample structure and imaging conditions. Using this novel imaging tool, we demonstrated fast fluorescence imaging of microvasculature up to 120 μm deep in the mouse cortex, with an out-of-focus background reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with widefield microscopy. Taking advantage of the high acquisition rate (200 Hz), we measured red blood cell velocity in the cortical microvasculature and showed an increase in awake, unrestrained mice compared with anaesthetized animals.
关键词： red blood cell velocity,multipoint-scanning confocal microscope,digital micromirror device,fiberscope system,microvasculature imaging,fluorescence imaging,freely behaving mice
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Experimental investigation of white-light interferometry based on sub-dark-field illumination
摘要： In this work, a fast imaging method based on sub-dark -field illumination in white-light interferometry is presented. Applying this method, we successfully resolved the surface profile of test structures even for a smooth surface with a roughness of the order of a few angstroms. The true-colour sequence band is presented, which provides the relationship between the surface colours and the optical path difference. Several characteristics (e.g., basic colour, image contrast, thickness variations, and so on) for the white-light interference images are discussed in detail. Pair images with sub-dark-field illumination in the principal interference fringe were also observed and analysed.
关键词： Interferometry,White light interferometer,Interference microscope,Measurement of roughness
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Portable Smartphone-Based Platform for Real-Time Particle Detection in Microfluidics
摘要： Real-time particle detection is an integral part of microfluidics for diagnostics. The detection method is typically performed with the use of bulky and expensive instruments including a bench-top microscope, high-speed camera, and fluidic pump. This limits the practical applications of microfluidics for real-time point-of-care detection. Here, a portable and low-cost smartphone microscopy platform is developed for real-time particle detection in microfluidics based on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) lens, modular 3D printed accessory, plug-and-play paper pump, and a novel particle counting algorithm. The PDMS lens is developed using a new method based on the PDMS precuring and hydrophobic modification on a pillar template to allow for fabrication of various lens shapes with high reproducibility and broad range magnification ratio from 30× to 100×. The modular 3D printed smartphone accessory allows for easy imaging setup to cater for different size of microchannel and the paper pump design provides a convenient single-step process to drive the fluid. The platform is implemented to count the moving particles in the outlet of microfluidics deterministic lateral displacement with 94% counting accuracy. This platform provides huge potential applications for real-time point-of-care detection that can be integrated with various microfluidic techniques.
关键词： particle counting,microfluidic,smartphone microscope,PDMS lens,paper pump
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Mapping “Broken” Dark Modes Using Cathodoluminescence in a Scanning Electron Microscope
摘要： Dark plasmon modes are modes that lack a net dipolar character, and hence do not radiate efficiently. They possess a smaller spectral linewidth and longer lifetimes, making them attractive for many applications in sensing and for high-Q cavities. A focussed high-energy electron beam can be employed as a local, broad-spectrum excitation source, as the evanescent electric field associated with the fast electrons excites resonances in a polarizable material. The light that is radiated to the far-field can be collected in cathodoluminescence (CL), or the energy loss of the electrons can be measured in electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The spatial resolution of these techniques in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) or scanning/transmission electron microscope (S/TEM) is typically limited by the spatial extent of the evanescent field (order of 10~nm depending on beam energy), making them ideal techniques for mapping the spatial distribution of plasmon modes. The energy lost to a dark mode can be detected in EELS, but since these modes are not radiative, in the strictest sense, these modes cannot be detected in CL. However, due to either inherent or introduced asymmetries in the structure, these dark modes acquire a net dipole resonance and do radiate. We performed hyperspectral CL on gold nanorod trimers fabricated using electron beam lithography using a beam energy of 30 keV and current of 500 pA (FEI Nova Nanosem). The CL was collected using a Delmic SPARC system equipped with an Andor Shamrock 303i spectrometer and Andor iVac spectral camera. We show the concurrent SEM images of a symmetric trimer and a trimer with an introduced asymmetry of an inter-trimer angle of 40 degrees. The trimers show two resonances, a high-energy symmetric mode and a low-energy mode composed of two degenerate dipole modes. We mapped these modes by mapping the average intensity between 350-500 nm and 600-700 nm, respectively. While it is clear that the trimer with broken symmetry has a prominent high-energy mode involving all three rods, the symmetric trimer appears to have enough inherent asymmetry to also display this mode. This inherent asymmetry can also be seen in the map of the dipole resonances. Dark modes that are “broken” by asymmetry acquire a dipolar component that allows them to be detected and mapped in CL. Hyperspectral mapping using CL is a powerful method for understanding the effect of nanoscale defects on plasmonic devices.
关键词： cathodoluminescence,plasmonic devices,Dark plasmon modes,scanning electron microscope,hyperspectral mapping
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Implementing a Stereo Image Correction Method for 3D Surgery Microscopes
摘要： Recently 3D scenes are used in various industrial fields such as medical applications, computer games, surface examinations, biology and others. 3D optical microscopes can show extremely precise details in 3D. To reconstruct the 3D images of an optical microscope, two cameras are mounted on the optical microscope. Incoming images through an object lens of an optical microscope are projected on sensors of mounted cameras by using refraction mirrors. Two cameras capture the left and right images to reconstruct the final 3D images. In this paper, we correct the 3D reconstruction errors with the SURF algorithm. We also design a hardware system to correct wrong mirror positions using servo motors. In addition, we propose the surgical system with HMD and wireless communications. This system would be helpful for doctors due to make doctors comfortable and it can be used to educate surgery procedures.
关键词： Stereo Image,Optical Microscope,SURF,Medical Device,Computer Vision
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in rabbits’ eyes using contact specular microscopy
摘要： The goal of this study was to describe the normal values of corneal endothelial cell density and hexagonality in healthy rabbits’ eyes using contact specular microscopy. Both eyes of 18 rabbits, males and females, of different ages were evaluated. The eyes were divided into three groups of 12 each according to the age range of the animals: G1 (6 months old), G2 (12 months old), and G3 (48 months old). Parameters studied included mean endothelial cell density and hexagonality. For Group I, the mean cell density was 2307 cells per mm2. For GII, the mean cell density was 1895 cells per mm2. For G III, the mean cell density was 1818 cells per mm2. Cell density decreased significantly with aging (P<0.001) among the three groups. Pleomorphism in the rabbits of GI was 74.33±10.08. In the rabbits of GII it was 71.83±11.38. In the rabbits of GIII it was 64.02±28.80. Significant differences (P<0.001) were evident between GI and GIII and GII and GIII but not between Groups I and II. The results showed a decrease in number of cells and hexagonality with aging. Corneal endothelium of rabbits suffers changes due to advancing age both in terms of cell density and morphology.
关键词： corneal endothelial hexagonality,specular microscope,lagomorphs
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Ductile behavior of optical glass in single point diamond turning
摘要： Single point diamond turning tests were carried out on a B270 type glass. Sub-micrometer cutting conditions were applied in order to generate ductile response during single point machining. The profile generated by the rapid removal of the tool tip from the machined surface, analyzed by atomic force microscopy, showed that the brittle-to-ductile transition occurs at a few tenths of micrometers. According to the machining results, the maximum feed rate capable of generating a ductile mode machining behavior is of 0.9 micrometer/revolution. Furthermore, it was shown that with the cutting depth lower than 0.100 micrometer/revolution, the material removal mechanism is totally ductile. Ribbon-like chips were not observed when ductile machining was performed, as commonly seen during ductile machining of semiconductor crystals. The chips removed had a small needle-like shape. This material’s fragile behavior during machining may be related to high densification during tool/material interaction with subsequent elastic recovery response.
关键词： soda-cal-silicates,Atomic Force Microscope,Brittle-to-ductile transition,diamond turning
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Depth sensitive imaging of graphene with an atomic resolution microscope
摘要： The three-dimensional information of atomic positions is required to determine the atomic structure of materials. However, images obtained using high-resolution transmission electron microscopes are generally two-dimensional projections of three-dimensional structures. The depth resolution of general microscopes is still on the order of nanometers, and a smaller depth of field is required to realize atomic depth-resolution imaging. Here, we propose highly depth-sensitive imaging using a low-voltage atomic-resolution transmission electron microscope equipped with a higher order geometrical aberration corrector and a monochromator. A long wavelength of low energy electrons and a large acceptance angle of the microscope allow for a shallow depth of field and atomic-level depth sensitivity. We demonstrate that the depth resolution and depth precision can allow for a?ngstr€om and sub-a?ngstr€om levels, respectively. Applying this highly depth-sensitive microscope, the depth deviation of monolayer graphene with dislocations is detected as the difference of defocus. The buckling structures of dislocation dipole and tripole are directly observed using a single image. Combining the proposed depth-sensitive microscope with through-focal imaging will allow for the analysis of various low-dimensional materials in three dimensions with atomic depth resolution.
关键词： atomic resolution microscope,low-voltage TEM,monochromator,three-dimensional atomic structural analysis,aberration corrector,depth-sensitive imaging,graphene
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46