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Study of Infrared Laser Parameters on Surface Morphology and Hydrophobic Properties
摘要： Many studies have shown that super hydrophobic surfaces have been applied to micro–nano structures and low surface energy materials. In the present study, infrared laser scanning and simple salinization modi?cation were used to improve the hydrophobicity of a surface. When the scanning speed was 100 mm/s, the laser power was 30 W and the scanning interval was 200 μm, the apparent contact angle of surface was up to 157°. The assessment of surface characteristics revealed that decreasing scanning speed or increasing laser power were able to improve the hydrophobicity of the surface. After aging treatment, the superhydrophobic surface prepared by this method still had good durability.
关键词： infrared laser,surface morphology,laser parameters,superhydrophobic
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Exploring alkylthiol additives in PBDB-T:ITIC blended active layers for solar cell applications
摘要： Bulk heterojunction, non-fullerene PBDB-T:ITIC blend polymer solar cells have been fabricated. The active layers consisting of PBDB-T as a donor and ITIC as an acceptor are optimized using a series of alkylthiol additives (1,3-propanedithiol, 1,4-butanedithiol, and 1,8-octanedithiol). It is found that the donor and acceptor are phase separated with different crystalline domains. The additives effectively re-organize the morphology and extend the molecule ordering in lamellar structure with increased correlation length in ITIC domain, bene?ting the generation and dissociation of exciton and reducing charge recombination. A substantial improvement in power conversion ef?ciency of the devices from 8.13% to 9.44% is observed. This study shows that the application of alkylthiol additives is a simple and effective approach to improve the device performance in solar cells based on polymer/non-fullerene blend system.
关键词： solvent additive,bulk heterojunction (BHJ) polymer/non-fullerene solar cells,morphology,crystallization
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Fine-Tuning Semiconducting Polymer Self-Aggregation and Crystallinity Enables Optimal Morphology and High-Performance Printed All-Polymer Solar Cells
摘要： Polymer aggregation and crystallization behavior play a crucial role in the performance of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Gaining control over polymer self-assembly via molecular design to influence bulk-heterojunction active-layer morphology, however, remains challenging. Herein, we show a simple yet effective way to modulate the self-aggregation of the commonly used naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based acceptor polymer (N2200), by systematically replacing a certain amount of alkyl side-chains with compact bulky side-chains (CBS). Specifically, we have synthesized a series of random co-polymer (PNDI-CBSx) with different molar fractions (x = 0–1) of the CBS units and have found that both solution-phase aggregation and solid-state crystallinity of these acceptor polymers are progressively suppressed with increasing x as evidenced by UV-Vis absorption, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies, thermal analysis and grazing incidence X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) techniques. Importantly, compared to the highly self-aggregating N2200, photovoltaic results show that blending of more amorphous acceptor polymers with donor polymer (PBDB-T) can enable all-PSCs with significantly increased PCE (up to 8.5%). The higher short-circuit current density (Jsc) results from the smaller polymer phase-separation domain sizes as evidenced by PL quenching and resonant soft X-ray scattering (R-SoXS) analyses. Additionally, we show that the lower crystallinity of the active layer is less sensitive to the film deposition methods. Thus, the transition from spin-coating to solution coating can be easily achieved with no performance losses. On the other hand, decreasing aggregation and crystallinity of the acceptor polymer too much, reduces the photovoltaic performance as the donor phase-separation domain sizes increases. The highly amorphous acceptor polymers appear to induce formation of larger donor polymer crystallites. These results highlight the importance of a balanced aggregation strength between the donor and acceptor polymers to achieve high-performance all-PSCs with optimal active layer film-morphology.
关键词： morphology control,crystallinity,polymer aggregation,naphthalene diimide,all-polymer solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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High-Performance Organic Photodetectors by Introducing a Non-Fullerene Acceptor to Broaden Long Wavelength Detective Spectrum
摘要： We demonstrate the broadband visible organic photodetectors (OPDs) by introducing a non-fullerene acceptor of 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3d:2,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (ITIC) into the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) based on a conventional system of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):[6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) .The resultant OPDs exhibit a specific detectivity beyond 1012 Jones in the whole visible region ranged from 380 nm to 760 nm, and the highest detectivity reaches 2.67 × 1012 Jones at 710 nm. UV-Vis absorption spectrum, steady-state photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy, and space-charge-limited current property were applied to analyze the film characteristics of obtained OPDs. Owing to the long-wavelength absorption band of ITIC, the spectral photodetection range has been broadened effectively, and better film morphology, more effective energy transfer, and the reduced electron mobility in the active layer are responsible for the excellent photodetection capability. The proposed scheme provides a reliable strategy for implementing high-performance broadband visible OPDs.
关键词： Organic photodetectors,UV-Vis absorption,Non-fullerene acceptor,Surface morphology,Full visible light photodetection
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Shape-controlled synthesis of golf-like, star-like, urchin-like and flower-like SrTiO3 for highly efficient photocatalytic degradation and H2 production
摘要： As a typical perovskite-type metal oxide, SrTiO3 has emerged as a prospective candidate for many fields. However, the synthesis of SrTiO3 with controlled morphology, high surface area, and enhanced photocatalytic activity are still lacking. Herein, a series of porous SrTiO3 with well-controlled morphologies including assembled nanoparticles (ANPs), golf-like particles (GLPs), star-like microspheres (SLMs), urchin-like microspheres (ULMs), and flower-like microspheres (FLMs) were successfully prepared via an ethylene glycol-water mixed solvothermal route. The ratio of VEG/VH2O play an important role in the shape-evolution during the solvothermal reaction. A comparative study of photocatalytic H2 production and photodegradation was performed, and a possible photocatalysis mechanism of SrTiO3 has been proposed. Significantly, the ULMs and FLMs photocatalysts of SrTiO3 with optimized low Pt loading amount (0.075wt.%) exhibited outstanding H2 production rates (8.21 and 7.29 mmol·g-1·h-1) due to its unique structure of high-surface area and defect-rich surface. The facile and shape-controlled synthesis of varied SrTiO3 structures is believed to be useful for the design and application of perovskite.
关键词： Mesoporous SrTiO3,Oxygen vacancy,Photocatalysis,Controlled-synthesis,Morphology evolution
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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A Comparison Between Functions of Carbon Nanotube and Reduced Graphene Oxide and Respective Ameliorated Derivatives in Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotube (CNT) components and their derivatives grafted with the irregioregular poly(3-dodecyl thiophene) (rGO-g-PDDT and CNT-g-PDDT) and regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (CNT-g-P3HT and CNT-g-P3HT) polymers were used to improve the morphological, optical, and photovoltaic features of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells. The type of carbonic material (CNT or rGO) and regioregularity of grafts affected the cell performances. According to the photoluminescence lifetimes, although the grafted-CNT/rGO components improved the cell characteristics (15.3-20.5 ns), the corresponding bared nanostructures ruined them (3.0-4.9 ns). In similar conditions, via alteration of rGO to CNT, the average cell performance changed to 14.56 from 14.07% for PDDT-grafted systems and to 16.36 from 15.15% for P3HT-based ones. The self-ordering polymers such as regioregular P3HTs simultaneously induced the crystallinity to the polymeric and non-polymeric constituents. The best photovoltaic data including 22.73 mA/cm2, 75%, 0.96 V and 16.36% with the narrowest distributions were detected in the CH3NH3PbI3 + CNT-g-P3HT solar cells. Perovskite solar cells were perfectly modified with both rGO-g-P3HT and CNT-g-P3HT agents because of the lowest charge-transfer resistance values (93.2 and 90.1 Ω), the most intensified crystalline peaks, and the largest absorbances.
关键词： morphology,regioregularity,CNT,rGO,perovskite
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Effects of 6H-SiC Substrate Polarity on the Morphology and Microstructure of AlN Films by HVPE with Varied V/III Ratio
摘要： AlN films grown by high temperature hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) on Si-face and C-face 6H-SiC substrates were investigated. The influences of the substrate polarity with varied V/III ratio on growth mode, structural characteristics and crystalline quality of hetero-epitaxial AlN films have been studied. With the increasing of V/III ratio, AlN grown on Si-face 6H-SiC substrates changed the growth mode from step-flow to 3D island growth, and correspondingly, its surface morphology got rougher. On the contrast, AlN on C-face substrates were consistently in 3D growth mode and maintained a relatively rough surface, with a high density of nanotubes generated, each of which consisting of hexagonal sides defined by {01 0} facets and locating at the bottom of a V-shaped pit on the surface. Based on XRD, Raman and TEM analyses, it was found that the best AlN layer quality was obtained on the Si-face 6H-SiC at V/III ratio of 10.
关键词： Crystalline quality,Morphology,Dislocations,Substrate polarity,Nanotubes,Growth mode
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Enhanced upconversion luminescence in controllable self-assembled BiOBr: Yb3+/Er3+ 3D hierarchical architectures and their application in NIR photocatalysis
摘要： In this work, self-assembled Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped BiOBr 3D flower-like hierarchical architectures (HAs) were synthesized via hydrothermal method. With increasing pH values, the thickness of samples became thinner, and the morphology transforms from 2D nanosheets to self-assembled 3D HAs. Under the excitation of 980 nm, 3D flower-like BiOBr: Yb3+/Er3+ HAs showed a significant enhancement the upconversion (UC) emission, which was about 505 times than that of the 2D nanosheets. The mechanisms for the enhancement of UC emission have been discussed. Moreover, all the samples showed effective photocatalytic activity for the RhB degradation and obviously enhanced performance with increasing pH values under NIR and simulated solar light irradiation, due to the internal electric field effects and efficient utilization of UC emissions. This work gives insight to the guidance of fabricating efficient self-assembled 3D flower-like BiOBr: Yb3+/Er3+ HAs UC materials, which have great potential for the applications in NIR-activated photocatalysts.
关键词： upconversion,BiOBr: Yb3+/Er3+,morphology,NIR-activated photocatalysts
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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MORPHOLOGY OF DIAMOND SINGLE CRYSTALS GROWN IN THE Fe-Co-Mg-C SYSTEM
摘要： Diamond single crystals in a Fe-Co alloy with addition of 5 and 10 wt. % Mg by temperature gradient method were grown and their morphology was studied. For crystals obtained in the Fe-Co alloy with 5 wt. % Mg, the faces of octahedron, cube, rhomb-dodecahedron and tetragon-trioctahedron {311} were observed. When the magnesium content in the solvent-alloy increase up to 10 wt. % under the same growth conditions the tetragon-trioctahedron {311} faces on diamond crystals were absent. The topography of diamond crystals faces grown in different systems indicates that octahedron and cube are active growth forms with their growth pyramids, and rhomb-dodecahedron and tetragon-trioctahedron {311} are forms of passive growth.
关键词： A1.Crystal morphology,B1. Diamond,A2. Single crystal growth,A2. Growth from high temperature solutions
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Study of indium and antimony incorporation into SnS2 single crystals
摘要： Pure SnS2, 5% In-doped SnS2, 15% In-doped SnS2, 5% Sb-doped SnS2 and 15% Sb-doped SnS2 single crystals are grown in closed sealed quartz ampoule by direct vapour transport technique. The energy dispersive analysis of X-rays analysis of all the five as-grown single crystals showed them to be stoichiometric. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that all the crystals are single phase possessing a hexagonal structure with (001) preferential orientation. The surface morphology of as-grown single crystals studied by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy showed crystal growth is by layer growth mechanism supported by screw dislocation. Selected area electron diffraction showed hexagonal spot pattern confirming the single crystalline nature of the crystals. Optical bandgap of the as-grown crystals determined by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy showed that the single crystals possess direct optical bandgap and the value varied between 1.89 and 2.31 eV. The photoluminescence spectra study showed the presence of six peaks. The Raman spectra showed SnS2 type the A1g vibrational mode and shifting in A1g vibrational mode with In and Sb doping. The results are elaborated in details.
关键词： Single crystal growth,Doping,Characterization,Crystal morphology,X-ray diffraction,Crystal structure
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36