- 标题
- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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BODIPY (meso-phenyl-meso) Dimer as Photovoltaic Material
摘要： Derivatives of boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) constitute an important class of chromophores. The BODIPY dyes can be applied in an extensive variety of applications, such as cellular imaging, photodynamic therapy, drug-delivery or organic photovoltaics [1–4]. BODIPYs are also excellent compounds to be applied as electron-donor materials in organic photovoltaic cells as they have a strong absorption in the visible spectra region, a photochemical and chemical stability, good solubility and a general suitable HOMO/LUMO frontier orbital energy levels (Figure 1). Following our work on the use of BODIPYs as photovoltaic materials [5], in this communication we present the synthesis and characterization of a meso-meso BODIPY dimer. This BODIPY dimer has all the main properties to work efficiently as electron-donor material since it exhibits strong absorbance in the visible spectrum, good solubility and suitable HOMO and LUMO energy orbitals to work as donor material in the bulky heterojunction BODIPY/PCBM layer, based solar cells.
关键词： organic chemistry,synthesis,BODIPY
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Structural characterization of Argania spinosa Moroccan wooden artifacts during natural degradation progress using infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD)
摘要： The present work is focused on spectroscopic study of four samples of Argan wooden artifact pertaining to the 17th, 18th, 20th and 21st centuries. The objective is to characterize their unknown structures by the study of their non degraded parts and to investigate changes occurred in their degraded parts due to the natural degradation process. Attenuated total re?ectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy gauges the presence of many functional groups related to cellulose I and/or II (OH, C–O–C and –CH2), hemicelluloses (particularly C?O (cid:2)1), and lignin (OH phenolic, Car-O and C?Car) and provides qualitative information on the state of wood alteration by informing on the evolution of new former C?O bands. The degree of conversion to carbonyl group, especially quinone or p-quinone at 1650 cm (cid:2)1, is correlated to lignin degradation, while the absence of the C?O acetoxy absorption is ascribable to occurred deterioration in hemicelluloses, and (cid:2)1. X-ray diffraction determines the presence of two forms of cellulose; amorphous cellulose at 18.5(cid:3) 2θ and predominant crystalline cellulose Iβ at 2θ ? 22.6(cid:3) which characterized by an intense peak. The decrease of crystallinity index values con?rms the deterioration level and obvious changes in crystallinity level. However, the microcrystalline structure appears unaltered because no signi?cant changes were observed for calculated cristallite seize. The obtained results depend on the prolonged time of ageing, natural deterioration phenomena, and wood part (internal or external) that is exposed to degradation. The combination of these two methods is useful for an accurate estimation of the degradation level of argan wood.
关键词： Chemistry,Argan wood artifact,XRD,Analytical chemistry,Natural product chemistry,Materials Chemistry,Natural degradation,Archaeology,ATR-FTIR spectroscopy,Crystallinity,Lignocelluloses,Structural characterization,Materials Science,Organic chemistry
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Production and Evaluation of a Realistic Immersive Virtual Reality Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experience: Infrared Spectroscopy
摘要： Using virtual reality (VR) in educational settings is becoming increasingly popular. The feasibility of replacing an instrumentation-based organic chemistry lab with a VR experience has been evaluated. A VR laboratory experience was designed to teach students how to use an infrared spectrometer and elucidate an unknown structure from the resulting infrared spectrum. The resulting first-person VR experience is immersive and realistic, with a teaching assistant guiding the user along the steps required to complete the experiment, including feedback as needed. The VR experience was developed in WondaVR with selections made using gaze navigation. The resulting product was tested with a group of students, and the outcomes for short- and long-term recall were compared with a group of students that did the same experiment in a traditional lab. Results indicate that there are no significant differences in learning outcomes between the two groups, which indicates the possibility of using this tool to offer this organic chemistry lab experiment via distance education. Students that tried the VR experience reported a high degree of satisfaction with the product and no significant usability barriers. These VR experiences could be useful for students who are unable to be present in lab due to disabilities, attendance challenges such as pregnancy, or safety concerns.
关键词： Second-Year Undergraduate,Laboratory Instruction,Multimedia-Based Learning,Computer-Based Learning,Distance Learning/Self Instruction,Instrumental Methods,Student-Centered Learning,Organic Chemistry
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[ACS Symposium Series] Raman Spectroscopy in the Undergraduate Curriculum Volume 1305 || Connecting Organic and Physical Chemistry Students with Raman Spectroscopy
摘要： The profile of Raman spectroscopy may be elevated in the undergraduate chemistry curriculum by intentionally tying together students’ experiences in the organic and physical chemistry laboratories. In this way the valuable role Raman spectroscopy can play in structure elucidation is highlighted. The Committee on Professional Training of the American Chemical Society includes the category of optical molecular spectroscopy (e.g., IR, UV-Vis, Raman, and fluorescence spectroscopies) as an option in the panel of instruments required for certification. To the authors’ knowledge there are no Raman spectroscopy experiments that build directly on the analysis of compounds synthesized by students in a prior course for the intended purpose of scaffolding the curriculum. This chapter highlights the roles Raman spectroscopy may play in the determination of molecular structure when used in conjunction with other, more common techniques. Indeed, direct comparison to infrared spectroscopy holds the potential to reinforce that technique and its applications while introducing the study of Raman spectra. A set of three reaction products from electrophilic aromatic substitution, Diels-Alder, and aldol condensation (this including site-specific deuteration) is explored. All of these reactions are currently part of the organic chemistry curriculum. By combining analyses performed in organic chemistry with new laboratories written for the physical chemistry laboratory the authors hope to impress upon undergraduates the value of Raman spectroscopy in a context that builds on their previous experiences with other molecular spectroscopy methods.
关键词： structure elucidation,undergraduate chemistry curriculum,electrophilic aromatic substitution,Diels-Alder reaction,Raman spectroscopy,infrared spectroscopy,deuteration,physical chemistry,aldol condensation,organic chemistry
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Process Analytical Technology for Online Monitoring of Organic Reactions by Mass Spectrometry and UV–Vis Spectroscopy
摘要： Process analytical technologies (PATs) are used in the pharmaceutical and other industries to monitor chemical processes in real-time with analytical instrumentation. Each PAT analyzer brings its own advantages and disadvantages to the process, and multiplexing PAT analyzers can be advantageous as they can provide confirmatory measurements and increase the overall confidence of the analysis. In a pedagogical setting, online reaction monitoring enables the instructor to explain the fundamentals of instrumental techniques while highlighting pertinent real-world applications. Here we present a teaching laboratory exercise in which students monitor an amide bond formation reaction by flow UV?vis spectroscopy and by mass spectrometric analysis. The coupling of these two specific instruments allows students to investigate two instruments in one laboratory exercise, to explore the fundamentals behind each, and to contemplate the advantages and disadvantages of these instrumental methods. The coupling of the two instruments was aided by 3D printing which allowed students to explore how rapid prototyping can enable the development of innovative procedures.
关键词： Organic Chemistry,Mass Spectrometry,UV?Vis Spectroscopy,Laboratory Instruction,Instrumental Methods,Hands-On Learning/Manipulatives,Upper-Division Undergraduate,Analytical Chemistry,Reactions
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14