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Effect of Oxygen on Thermal and Radiation Induced Chemistries in a Model Organotin Photoresist
摘要： Organotin photoresists have shown promise for next generation lithography due to their high extreme ultraviolet (EUV) absorption cross sections, their radiation sensitive chemistries, and their ability to enable high-resolution patterning. To better understand both temperature and radiation induced reaction mechanisms, we have studied a model EUV photoresist, which consists of a charge-neutral butyl-tin cluster. Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) showed very little outgassing of the butyl-tin resist in ultrahigh vacuum, and excellent thermal stability of the butyl groups. TPD results indicated that decomposition of the butyl-tin resist was first order with a fairly constant decomposition energy between 2.4 and 3.0 eV, which was determined by butyl group desorption. Electron stimulated desorption (ESD) showed that butyl groups were the primary decomposition product for electron kinetic energies expected during EUV exposures. XPS was performed before and after low energy electron exposure to evaluate the compositional and chemical changes in the butyl-tin resists after interaction with radiation. The effect of molecular oxygen during ESD experiments was evaluated and it was found to enhance butyl group desorption during exposure, and resulted in a significant increase in the ESD cross section by over 20%. These results provide mechanistic information that can be applied to organotin EUV photoresists, where a significant increase in photoresist sensitivity may be obtained by varying the ambient conditions during EUV exposures.
关键词： X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,electron stimulated desorption,Extreme ultraviolet lithography,organotin photoresist,temperature programmed desorption
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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FTO-TiO2 photoelectrocatalytic degradation of triphenyltin chloride coupled to photoelectro-Fenton: A mechanistic study
摘要： A powerful, simple and stable transparent photoanode based on TiO2 nanoparticles deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) was synthesized for the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of the organometallic pollutant triphenyltin chloride (TPTCl). Contrasting with most of the works on photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), FTO-TiO2 was found to be an excellent anode material for the degradation/mineralization of organic pollutants at high anodic potentials through the formation of electrochemically-induced hVB+ (dark PEC), showing a similar behavior as the so-called 'non-active' anodes like the powerful boron doped diamond electrode (BDD). The electrocatalytic efficiency was enhanced by the photoexcitation of TiO2 under UV light (PEC) and by coupling with photoelectro-Fenton (PEC-PEF): this resulted in complete degradation of TPTCl in 15 min (kapp = 0.274 min-1) and total mineralization in 2 h. The mechanisms governing the photoelectrocatalytic processes are investigated in detail by means of electrochemical measurements and chemical probes, and a mineralization pathway for TPTCl is proposed.
关键词： photoelectro-Fenton,photoelectrocatalysis,fluorine-doped tin oxide,organotin pollutants,Dark PEC
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Heterometallic Cluster Coordination Polymers Assembled from Cuprous-Halide Clusters and Organotina??Oxygen Pyridinecarboxylate Clusters
摘要： By using the bifunctional ligands bearing carboxylate and N-donor groups, the precursor of nBu2SnO undergoes a transformation to yield organotin–oxygen carboxylate clusters, namely, [(nBu2Sn)4(μ3-O)2(μ2-OH)2(INA)2] (INA = isonicotinate), [(nBu2Sn)5(μ3-O)3(μ2-OH)2(INA)2] and [(nBu2Sn)4(μ3-O)2(NA)4] (NA = nicotinate), resulting in different geometric building units with two or four extension points. Such organotin–oxygen carboxylate clusters assemble with various CunIn clusters such as Cu2I2 rhomboid dimer, Cu4I4 cubic tetramer, Cu6I6 prismatic hexamer to engender various heterometallic cluster coordination polymers.
关键词： organotin–oxygen pyridinecarboxylate clusters,heterometallic cluster coordination polymers,bifunctional ligands,structural dimensions,cuprous-halide clusters
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A series of two-photon absorption organotin (IV) cyano carboxylate derivatives for targeting nuclear and visualization of anticancer activities
摘要： Compared to organotin (IV) compounds with biochemical activity, two-photon absorption (2PA) organotin (IV) complexes for targeting nuclear with anticancer activities are rarely reported. Here, two novel 2PA organotin (IV) cyano carboxylate complexes (C1Sn-1, C1Sn-2) are synthesized and characterized. The two-photon absorption cross section values (δ) in the near-infrared region are significantly enhanced for C1Sn-2 compared to C1Sn-1, thus developing for targeting nuclear by two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM). C1Sn-2 could specifically target nuclear DNA in vitro. The mechanism demonstrated that there are abundant hydrogen bond interactions between hydroxy group of C1Sn-2 and DNA. The animal mode studies are first proposed that C1Sn-2 displayed a certain anti-cancer efficiency with non-significant toxicity.
关键词： anticancer,organotin,two-photon absorption
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Molecular structures, DFT studies and their photophysical properties in solution and solid state. Microwave-assisted multicomponent synthesis of organotin bearing Schiff bases
摘要： A couple of luminescent organotin compounds derivated from ligands-ONO were obtained by multicomponent microwave assisted synthesis in short time (15 min) and good yields: ((E)-8, 8-8-diphenylbenzo[d] naphtho [1,2-h][1,3,6,2] dioxazastannonine (1) and (E)11, 13- di-tert-butyl, 8- diphenylbenzo [d] naphtho [1,2-h][1,3,6,2] dioxazastannonine (2)). Both compounds were fully characterized by NMR (1H, 13C, and 119Sn; 2D-NMR, HETCOR and COSY), UVeVis, IR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The X-ray structures of two complexes demonstrate that the tin atoms adopt a bipyramidal trigonal geometry. The 119Sn NMR chemical shifts of the tin atom in the complexes are also consistent with the presence of pentacoordinate tin centers. The photophysical properties in solution and solid state, DFT, and voltammetry the two complexes have been determined.
关键词： Fluorescence,X-ray,Schiff base,Organotin,Microwave assisted synthesis
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14