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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Porto, Portugal (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Low Power Image Processing Applications on FPGAs Using Dynamic Voltage Scaling and Partial Reconfiguration
摘要： The TULIPP project aims to facilitate the development of embedded image processing systems with real-time and low-power constraints. In this paper, several adaptive dynamic runtime techniques for reconfigurable SoCs are described. These methods are used for low power image processing applications on high-performance embedded platforms. Dynamic voltage scaling and dynamic partial reconfiguration target the low-power requirements of the embedded systems while debugging supports the fast development on the hardware side of the system. The proposed techniques were tested and verified using an own developed custom SDSoC image processing library.
关键词： low power,FPGA,image processing,Debugging,Embedded systems,reconfigurable,real-time,Dynamic Voltage Scaling,Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Porto, Portugal (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Hardware-Software Implementation of a SFM Module for Navigation an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles-A Demo
摘要： In this paper the design of an embedded vision system for structure from motion (SFM) computation is presented. The solution allows for scene depth reconstruction based on two consecutive video frames registered by a moving camera. The module is developed for a Xilinx Zynq SoC (System on Chip) device and is divided into a hardware and software part. The programmable logic (PL) is used mainly for detect and match features. Fundamental matrix estimation and triangulation are executed in the processing system (PS – ARM based). The module is dedicated to navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) – autonomous flight and landing. The system is adapted to process a 1280x720 pixel video stream @60 frames per second in real-time.
关键词： FPGA,Zynq SoC,structure from motion,real-time video processing,hardware-software systems
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Porto, Portugal (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Energy and Execution Time Comparison of Optical Flow Algorithms on SIMD and GPU Architectures
摘要： This article presents and compares optimized implementations of two optical flow algorithms on several target boards comprising multi-core SIMD processors and GPUs. The two algorithms are Horn-Schunck (HS) and TV-L1, and have been chosen because they are both well-known, and because of their different computational complexity and accuracy. For both algorithms, we have made parallel optimized SIMD implementations, while HS has also been implemented on GPUs. For each algorithm, the comparison between the different versions and target boards is carried out in a two-dimensional fashion: in terms of computing speed – in order to achieve real-time computation – and in terms of energy consumption since we target embedded systems. The results show that for HS, the GPUs are the most efficient in both dimensions, able to process in real-time performances (25 frames per second) up to 8 Mpix images for 0.35 J per image, against 1.8 Mpix images for 0.24 J per image on CPU. The results also highlight the impact of optimizations on TV-L1: far slower than HS without optimization, it can almost match its performance after optimization on CPU, and can achieve real-time performances with 0.25 J for 1.4 Mpix images. We hope these results will help developers design optical flow embedded systems.
关键词： embedded systems,TV-L1,optical flow,real-time processing,energy consumption,GPU,Horn-Schunck,SIMD
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[ACM Press the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference - Heidelberg, Germany (2016.09.12-2016.09.16)] Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing Adjunct - UbiComp '16 - Experiential tangible UI for controlling lighting
摘要： In this demo we present a tangible UI concept for controlling the color of lighting. The interaction is performed by placing different color glass objects to a bowl of water. The system demonstrates an aesthetic design for a tangible UI, and aims to provide the user an experience-rich haptic UI. The demo aims towards decorative and calm UIs for home control systems. It seeks to hide conventional technology and switches, and is part of the ubiquitous computing design vision for calm computing.
关键词： Tangible user interface,water,calm computing,glass,light control systems,user experience
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Implications of Distributed Link Polarization Dependent Loss on Bit-Wise Achievable Information Rates for Probabilistically Shaped and Uniform DP 64-QAM
摘要： The statistical behaviours of bit-wise achievable information rates (BW AIRs) and effective signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) due to polarization dependent loss (PDL) are experimentally characterized for probabilistically shaped and uniform dual-polarization 64-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (DP 64-QAM) with a bit rate of 250 Gb/s. A single-span recirculating loop is used to emulate distributed link PDL. Histograms for the BW AIR and effective SNR following offline signal processing resemble shifted, mirror-image Maxwell probability density functions for both constellations and two different per-loop PDL values. For a transmission distance of 1200 km and a per-loop PDL of 1.3 dB, the outage probabilities for the shaped and uniform constellations are estimated to be 1.1 × 10?3 and 4.4 × 10?1, respectively. Moreover, for an outage probability ≤ 4.0 × 10?3, the increase in transmission distance due to shaping is reduced by 50% compared to that for PDL free transmission.
关键词： Probabilistic shaping,coherent optical fiber transmission systems,polarization dependent loss
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Automatic thyroid nodule recognition and diagnosis in ultrasound imaging with the YOLOv2 neural network
摘要： Background: In this study, images of 2450 benign thyroid nodules and 2557 malignant thyroid nodules were collected and labeled, and an automatic image recognition and diagnosis system was established by deep learning using the YOLOv2 neural network. The performance of the system in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules was evaluated, and the application value of artificial intelligence in clinical practice was investigated. Methods: The ultrasound images of 276 patients were retrospectively selected. The diagnoses of the radiologists were determined according to the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System; the images were automatically recognized and diagnosed by the established artificial intelligence system. Pathological diagnosis was the gold standard for the final diagnosis. The performances of the established system and the radiologists in diagnosing the benign and malignant thyroid nodules were compared. Results: The artificial intelligence diagnosis system correctly identified the lesion area, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.902, which is higher than that of the radiologists (0.859). This finding indicates a higher diagnostic accuracy (p = 0.0434). The sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the artificial intelligence diagnosis system for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules were 90.5%, 95.22%, 80.99%, and 90.31%, respectively, and the performance did not significantly differ from that of the radiologists (p > 0.05). The artificial intelligence diagnosis system had a higher specificity (89.91% vs 77.98%, p = 0.026). Conclusions: Compared with the performance of experienced radiologists, the artificial intelligence system has comparable sensitivity and accuracy for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules and better diagnostic ability for benign thyroid nodules. As an auxiliary tool, this artificial intelligence diagnosis system can provide radiologists with sufficient assistance in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
关键词： Thyroid nodules,Ultrasound,Artificial intelligence,Computer-aided diagnosis systems,YOLOv2 neural network
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A new TRNSYS type for thermosiphon flat-plate solar thermal collectors: validation and optimization procedure
摘要： This paper presents a new TRNSYS Type (called Type 99) which can be used for the energy assessment of thermosiphon Flat-Plate solar thermal Collectors (FPCs) for water heating. The accuracy of this new type is higher than the standard type (Type 45a) available in TRNSYS library, since the density and specific heat of water are estimated according to the operating fluid temperature. The results of a suitable experimental campaign are also presented for different commercial FPCs system layouts. The developed Type 99 is successfully validated, proven by the very good agreement achieved between the simulation and experimental results. By the new Type 99 a suitable Design of Experiment (DoE) analysis is carried out with the aim to assess the design and operating parameters mostly affecting the energy and economic performance of two types of FPCs. Specifically, collector pipe diameters, slope, storage tank volume, and thermal insulation thickness are investigated. The analysis is carried out for three case studies which refer to residential Domestic Hot Water (DHW) production applications and to three different European weather zones (Freiburg, Naples and Larnaca). For these case studies an optimization procedure is also carried out by varying the same design and operating parameters for two different objective functions: best energy behaviour [maximum Primary Energy Saving (PES)] and best economic performance [minimum Simple Pay Back (SPB)]. Interesting novel design criteria and encouraging economic results are obtained.
关键词： economic assessment,DoE analysis,Building solar thermal systems,dynamic energy performance analysis,experimental validation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Design of a Low-Cost Microstrip Directional Coupler with High Coupling for a Motion Detection Sensor
摘要： A coupled-line coupler based on the asymmetric cascade connection of two coupled line sections is used to achieve a high coupling factor using low-cost material and technology in the X frequency band, and its performance is compared with a standard quarter-wave, coupled-line coupler, showing an increase in the coupling factor of about 3 dB. The proposed coupler can be effectively used in a Doppler motion detection sensor, due to its strong coupling and relatively high isolation. The coupler is designed through a simple, yet rigorous, equivalent circuital model. Then, an optimization procedure was performed using the commercial software Ansys HFSS in order to compensate for losses and second order effects. A prototype of the designed coupler was realized, and the measured data show very good agreement with simulations.
关键词： coupled lines,directional coupler,motion detection systems
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Biodegradable Micelles for NIR/GSH-Triggered Chemophototherapy of Cancer
摘要： The chemotherapy of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (SDDSs) is a promising method to enhance cancer treatment effects. However, the low efficiency of chemotherapy drugs and poor degradation partly limit the application of SDDSs. Herein, we report doxorubicin (DOX)-loading mixed micelles for biotin-targeting drug delivery and enhanced photothermal/photodynamic therapy (PTT/PDT). Glutathione (GSH)-responsive mixed micelles were prepared by a dialysis method, proportionally mixing polycaprolactone-disulfide bond-biodegradable photoluminescent polymer (PCL-SS-BPLP) and biotin-polyethylene glycol-cypate (biotin-PEG-cypate). Chemically linking cypate into the mixed micelles greatly improved cypate solubility and PTT/PDT effect. The micelles also exhibited good monodispersity and stability in cell medium (~119.7 nm), low critical micelles concentration, good biodegradation, and photodecomposition. The high concentration of GSH in cancer cells and near-infrared light (NIR)-mediated cypate decomposition were able to achieve DOX centralized release. Meanwhile, the DOX-based chemotherapy combined with cypate-based NIR-triggered hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species could synergistically induce HepG2 cell death and apoptosis. The in vivo experiments confirmed that the micelles generated hyperthermia and achieved a desirable therapeutic effect. Therefore, the designed biodegradable micelles are promising safe nanovehicles for antitumor drug delivery and chemo/PTT/PDT combination therapy.
关键词： photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,biodegradable,stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems,cypate
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Analysis of the Subdivision Errors of Photoelectric Angle Encoders and Improvement of the Tracking Precision of a Telescope Control System
摘要： Photoelectric angle encoders, working as position sensors, have a great influence on the accuracy and stability of telescope control systems (TCS). In order to improve the tracking precision of TCS, a method based on subdivision error compensation for photoelectric angle encoders is proposed. First, a mathematical analysis of six types of subdivision errors (DC error, phase error, amplitude error, harmonic error, noise error, and quantization error) is presented, which is different from the previously used analysis based on the Lissajous figure method. In fact, we believe that a mathematical method is more efficient than the figure method for the expression of subdivision errors. Then, the distribution law and period length of each subdivision error are analyzed. Finally, an error compensation algorithm is presented. In a real TCS, the elevation jittering phenomenon occurs, which indicates that compensating for the amplitude error is necessary. A feed-forward loop is then introduced into the TCS, which is position loop- and velocity loop-closed, leading to a decrease of the tracking error by nearly 54.6%, from 2.31” to 1.05”, with a leading speed of 0.25°/s, and by 40.5%, from 3.01” to 1.79”, with a leading speed of 1°/s. This method can realize real-time compensation and improve the ability of TCS without any change of the hardware. In addition, independently of the environment and the kind of control strategy used, this method can also improve the tracking precision presumably because it compensates the measuring error inside the photoelectric angle encoder.
关键词： subdivision errors,tracking precision,real-time compensation,amplitude error,photoelectric angle encoders,telescope control systems
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29