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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Assessment of Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth to Estimate Particulate Matter Distribution in Valencia City
摘要： The estimation of exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 requires the knowledge of surface concentration at high temporal and spatial resolutions. In this paper, the relation between PM10 and PM2.5 ground data and MODIS AOD satellite data has been evaluated to determine the concentration of particulate matter in Valencia, Spain. This was done using data from the Valencian Network of Surveillance and Control of Air Pollution and the scientific data set "Optical Depth Land and Ocean" from MODIS Terra and Aqua with 3km of spatial resolution. The linear regression model for PM10 provided a regression slope of 25.99 μg.m-3 and an interception of 12.07 μg.m-3 (RMSE = 8.61 μg.m-3), while for PM2.5 the slope and interception were 26.87 μg.m-3 and 5.98 μg.m-3 (RMSE = 5.5 μg.m-3).
关键词： Valencia,particulate matter,air quality,AOD,MODIS
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Sciences and Humanities International Research Conference (SHIRCON) - Lima, Peru (2018.11.20-2018.11.22)] 2018 IEEE Sciences and Humanities International Research Conference (SHIRCON) - Low Cost Air Quality Measurement System Using Light Scattering Sensors
摘要： Air pollution is a very sensitive issue since currently, Lima is one of the places where there is greater air pollution by particulate matter in the world (PM10). Resulting in long-term health problems, especially in the respiratory and cardiovascular system that is why analyzing and knowing the quality of the air that we breathe, it is essential to prevent health problems in the future. Therefore, this research proposes an air quality measurement system based on Arduino and low-cost sensors that will provide us with a low-cost tool to determine the quality of the air we breathe. This system focuses on a matrix of sensors that will monitor the temperature and humidity conditions, as well as gases harmful to our health and PM10. Finally, these measured values will be reflected in an LCD revealing the values in real time.
关键词： particulate matter,light scattering sensor,polluting gases,Arduino
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Smartphone APP for Continuous Observation of Pollution Levels Due to Particulate Matter Measured by Laser Mie Scattering
摘要： The article is a work intended to meet the need for mobile monitoring of polluted air comprising of excessive fine particulate matter by a compact cellular phone application. The description is about the setting up of a laser scattering compact module with an Arduino like circuit board interface and the display on the handheld smart phone through Bluetooth while the person is on the move. Giving an introduction to the Mie Scattering method with a laser beam exposed to ambient (polluted) air through a miniature blower. With an introduction to the principles of Mie Scattering of laser beam, the work has resulted in a portable set-up which is worn by any one and the levels of particulate matter viewed on one’s smart phone through an ‘‘app’’ developed for this purpose.
关键词： Particulate matter,Mie Scattering of light,Pollution monitoring,MIT App. inventor,PM2.5 and PM10
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optical particulate matter sensors in PM <sub/>2.5</sub> measurements in atmospheric air
摘要： Monitoring systems are needed to obtain information about particulate matter (PM) concentrations and to make such information accessible to the public. Small, low-cost, optical sensors could be used to improve the spatial and temporal resolution of PM data. The paper presents results of collocated comparison of four low-cost PM sensors and TEOM analyser, conducted from 20-08-2017 to 24-12-2017 in Wroc?aw, Poland. Plantower PMS7003 and Nova Fitness SDS011 sensors proved to be the best in terms of precision and were linearly correlated with TEOM data. Alphasense OPC-N2 sensors exhibited only moderate precision and linearity. Winsen ZH03A sensors had low repeatability between units and only one copy demonstrated good operation possibilities. All tested sensors had a bias in relation to PM2.5 concentrations obtained from TEOM.
关键词： air quality monitoring,PM2.5,particulate matter,TEOM,optical sensors
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Interlaboratory comparison about feasibility of insoluble particulate matter test for injections with reduced test volume in light obscuration method
摘要： Insoluble particulate matter test for injections in pharmacopoeia is mandatory for parenteral drug products. In this test using light obscuration, four measurements of at least 5-mL are required. Since therapeutic protein injections of low dosage volumes are getting more popular, reduction of test volumes is desired. In this collaborative study, the impact of lower measurement volume on the accuracy and precision of particle count was evaluated using 2, 5, 10, and 25-μm polystyrene count standards for the validity of test with reduced sample volumes. Good accuracy (3000 particles/mL ± 10%) was obtained at all measurement volumes, and the inter-run variability (RSD) was the same levels between 5 and 1 mL. Although the inter-run variability increased at 0.2 mL, it was below 5%. These results indicated that light obscuration method can be used with 5 mL–0.2 mL, and that it is feasible for monitoring particles ≥2 μm.
关键词： Sub-visible particulate,Quality control,Reduced-volume method,Insoluble particulate matter test,Light obscuration
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Atmospheric particulate matter characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: a review of statistical calibration strategies for carbonaceous aerosol quantification in US measurement networks
摘要： Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is a complex mixture of many different substances and requires a suite of instruments for chemical characterization. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a technique that can provide quantification of multiple species provided that accurate calibration models can be constructed to interpret the acquired spectra. In this capacity, FT-IR spectroscopy has enjoyed a long history in monitoring gas-phase constituents in the atmosphere and in stack emissions. However, application to PM poses a different set of challenges as the condensed-phase spectrum has broad, overlapping absorption peaks and contributions of scattering to the mid-infrared spectrum. Past approaches have used laboratory standards to build calibration models for prediction of inorganic substances or organic functional groups and predict their concentration in atmospheric PM mixtures by extrapolation. In this work, we review recent studies pursuing an alternate strategy, which is to build statistical calibration models for mid-IR spectra of PM using collocated ambient measurements. Focusing on calibrations with organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) reported from thermal–optical reflectance (TOR), this synthesis serves to consolidate our knowledge for extending FT-IR spectroscopy to provide TOR-equivalent OC and EC measurements to new PM samples when TOR measurements are not available. We summarize methods for model specification, calibration sample selection, and model evaluation for these substances at several sites in two US national monitoring networks: seven sites in the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network for the year 2011 and 10 sites in the Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) for the year 2013. We then describe application of the model in an operational context for the IMPROVE network for samples collected in 2013 at six of the same sites as in 2011 and 11 additional sites. In addition to extending the evaluation to samples from a different year and different sites, we describe strategies for error anticipation due to precision and biases from the calibration model to assess model applicability for new spectra a priori. We conclude with a discussion regarding past work and future strategies for recalibration. In addition to targeting numerical accuracy, we encourage model interpretation to facilitate understanding of the underlying structural composition related to operationally defined quantities of TOR OC and EC from the vibrational modes in mid-IR deemed most informative for calibration. The paper is structured such that the life cycle of a statistical calibration model for FT-IR spectroscopy can be envisioned for any substance with IR-active vibrational modes, and more generally for instruments requiring ambient calibrations.
关键词： thermal-optical reflectance,statistical calibration,elemental carbon,IMPROVE network,Chemical Speciation Network,FT-IR spectroscopy,organic carbon,atmospheric particulate matter
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 13th Annual International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS) - Singapore, Singapore (2018.4.22-2018.4.26)] 2018 IEEE 13th Annual International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS) - A Miniature System for Classification and Concentration Detection of PM Based on 3D Printed Virtual Impactor and QCM Sensor
摘要： In this paper, we report a miniature system for separation and concentration detection of airborne particulate matter (PM) based on three-dimensional (3D) printed virtual impactor and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor. The virtual impactor is optimized by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to have a relatively small size of 24 × 24 × 10 mm3. The performance of the miniature PM monitoring system is characterized through classification and detection of silicon oxide powers with diameter ranging from 0.5 to 10 μm in a chamber. The experimental results show that particles smaller than cutoff diameter of 2.5 μm are separated by the virtual impactor according to their size and detected by the QCM sensor. Moreover, the resonant frequency of the QCM sensor shows a linear decrease with the increment of PM mass loading.
关键词： Particulate matter,Virtual impactor,Quartz crystal microbalance,Classification
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Identification of cement in atmospheric particulate matter using the hybrid method of laser diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy
摘要： The production of cement is associated with the emissions of dust and particulate matter, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), heavy metals, and volatile organic compounds into the environment. People living near cement production facilities are potentially exposed to these pollutants, including carcinogens, although at lower doses than the factory workers. In this study we focused on the distribution of fine particulate matter, the composition, size patterns, and spatial distribution of the emissions from Spassk cement plant in Primorsky Krai, Russian Federation. The particulate matter was studied in wash-out from vegetation (conifer needles) using a hybrid method of laser diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that fine particulate matter (PM10 fraction) extended to the entire town and its neighbourhood. The percentage of PM10 in different areas of the town and over the course of two seasons ranged from 34.8% to 65% relative to other size fractions of particulate matter. It was further shown that up to 80% of the atmospheric PM content at some sampling points was composed of cement-containing particles. This links the cement production in Spassk-Dalny with overall morbidity of the town population and pollution of the environment.
关键词： Laser diffraction analysis,Atmospheric particulate matter,Ecology,Environmental chemistry,Environmental science,Atmospheric science,Environmental pollution,Raman spectroscopy,PM10
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Particulate matter emissions of less harmful-looking super-slim size cigarettes appealing to women: a laser spectrometric analysis of second-hand smoke
摘要： Slim tobacco products shall appear by their look less harmful. In 2013, the European Union ministers discussed to ban them. However, only a ban on small package sizes was realized. To add more data for exposure risk assessment of slim tobacco products, the particulate matter (PM) amount in second-hand smoke (SHS) of super-slim size cigarettes compared with a king size brand was investigated. PM amount of four super-slim size cigarette types of the brand Couture was analysed in comparison with the king-size reference cigarette. Therefore, SHS was produced in an enclosed space with a volume of 2.88 m3 by an automatic environmental tobacco smoke emitter. PM size fractions PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 were measured in real time using a laser aerosol spectrometer. SHS of Couture Gold contained about 36% and Couture Purple about 28% more PM than the reference cigarette. In contrast, Couture Green emitted about 37% and Couture Silver about 53% less PM than the reference cigarette. Depending on the brand, the PM2.5 mean concentrations increased up to 1538 μg/m3. This exceeds the 24-h mean concentration of at most 25 μg/m3 according to the WHO Air quality guidelines about 62-fold. Smoking in enclosed rooms leads to a massive increase of PM. The PM pollution by slim-size tobacco products are substantial and sometimes higher than by king size tobacco products. Therefore, SHS exposure from slim-size tobacco products is not less harmful to health. Decision makers should take this aspect in consideration.
关键词： Second-hand smoke,Super-slim size cigarettes,Slim-size cigarettes,Particulate matter,Environmental tobacco smoke
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Development of a Cost-Effective Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Turbidity and Suspended Particulate Matter in Marine Environment
摘要： A cost-effective optical sensor for continuous in-situ monitoring of turbidity and suspended particulate matter concentration (SPM), with a production cost in raw materials less than 20 €, is presented for marine or fluvial applications. The sensor uses an infrared LED and three photodetectors with three different positions related to the light source—135o, 90o and 0o—resulting in three different types of light detection: backscattering, nephelometry and transmitted light, respectively. This design allows monitoring in any type of environment, offering a wide dynamic range and accuracy for low and high turbidity or SPM values. An ultraviolet emitter–receiver pair is also used to differentiate organic and inorganic matter through the differences in absorption at different wavelengths. The optical transducers are built in a watertight structure with a radial configuration where a printed circuit board with the electronic signal coupling is assembled. An in-lab calibration of the sensor was made to establish a relation between suspended particulate matter (SPM) or the turbidity (NTU) to the photodetectors’ electrical output value in Volts. Two different sizes of seashore sand were used (180 μm and 350 μm) to evaluate the particle size susceptibility. The sensor was tested in a fluvial environment to evaluate SPM change during sediment transport caused by rain, and a real test of 22 days continuous in-situ monitoring was realized to evaluate its performance in a tidal area. The monitoring results were analysed, showing the SPM change during tidal cycles as well as the influence of the external light and biofouling problems.
关键词： in-situ measurement,turbidity optical sensor,oceanography,suspended particulate matter
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04