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Interface passivation treatment by halogenated low-dimensional perovskites for high-performance and stable perovskite photovoltaics
摘要： The voltage loss which is mainly caused by the nonradiative recombination at the interface has played a serious negative effect on the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we firstly designed four halogenated layers by the way of employing different benzylammonium-based aromatic cations for high-performance devices. The introduction of halogen functional groups can not only enhance the hydrophobicity but also optimize the photovoltaic characteristics of LDP which play an important role on passivation effect of the interface between perovskite and hole transport materials (HTM) layer. The films with halogenated LDP passivation layers displayed suppressed nonradiative recombination and reduced trap density, leading to significantly reduced voltage loss. As a result, the optimal devices with 4-bromobenzylammonium-based LDP layer achieved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 21.13% with an enhanced open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.14 V. Under the hydrophobic and buffer action of the halogenated LDP layer, the modified devices showed outstanding long-term stability when exposed to moisture, heat and continuous UV irradiation. This work proves the enhanced passivation effect of LDP layer by regulating the chemical property of introduced organic cations for high-performance and stable perovskite photovoltaics.
关键词： Low-dimensional perovskite,Perovskite solar cells,Halogenated cations,Passivation effect,Photovoltaic performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Metal-Doped Copper Indium Disulfide Heterostructure: Environment-Friendly Hole-Transporting Material toward Photovoltaic Application in Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cell
摘要： In this plan, we use Praseodymium metal-doped copper indium disulfide (Pr-doped CIS) heterostructure as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) in the FTO/TiO2/Perovskite absorber/HTM/Au device. And photovoltaic performance of these Pr-doped CIS heterostructure was investigated in the fabrication of the organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (organic-inorganic PSCs).
关键词： Pr-coated CuInS2 heterostructure,solar energy,perovskite solar cells,green electricity,hole-transporting material
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Reducing Anomalous Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells by Suppressing Interfacial Ferroelectric Order
摘要： Despite booming researches in organometal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) of recent years, considerable roadblocks remain for their large-scale deployment, ranging from undesirable current-voltage hysteresis to inferior device stability. Among various plausible origins of the hysteresis, interfacial ferroelectricity is particularly intriguing and warrants a close scrutiny. Here, we examine interfacial ferroelectricity in MAPbI3 (FAPbI3)/TiO2 and MAPbI3/PCBM heterostructures, and explore the correlations between the interfacial ferroelectricity and the hysteresis from the perspective of nonadiabatic electronic dynamics. It is found that ferroelectric order develops at the MAPbI3/TiO2 interface owing to the interaction between the polar MA ions and TiO2. The polarization switching of the MA ions under an applied gate field would result in drastically different rates in interfacial photoelectron injection and electron-hole recombination, contributing to the undesirable hysteresis. In a sharp contrast, ferroelectricity is suppressed at the FAPbI3/TiO2 and MAPbI3/PCBM interfaces, thanks to elimination of the interfacial electric field between perovskite and TiO2 via substitution of strong polar MA (dipole moment: 2.29 Debye) by weak polar FA ions (dipole moment: 0.29 Debye) and interface passivation, leading to consistent interfacial electronic dynamics and the absence of the hysteresis. The present work sheds light to the physical cause for hysteresis and points to the direction to which the hysteresis could be mitigated in PSCs.
关键词： Ferroelectricity,Hysteresis,Perovskite Solar Cells,Excited-state Electronic Dynamics,Electron-Hole Recombination,Orientation Selectivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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D-??-D molecular semiconductors for perovskite solar cells: the superior role of helical versus planar ??-linker
摘要： Controlling the mode of molecular packing and the size of molecular aggregate are of fundamental importance for high-performance charge transporting materials in next-generation optoelectronic devices. To clarify the peculiar role of helicene as kernal blocks in the exploration of unconventional organic semiconductors, in this work thia[5]helicene (T5H) is duplicately aminated with electron-donating dimethoxydiphenylamine to afford T5H-OMeDPA, which is systematically compared with its perylothiophene (PET) congener (PET-OMeDPA). On the basis of quantum theory of atoms in molecules and energy decomposition analysis of single-crystals, it is suprisingly found that while π-π stacking of planar PET is stronger than that of helical T5H, this desirable effect for charge transport of organic semiconductors is completely lost for donor-π-donor (D-π-D) typed PET-OMeDPA, but is retained for T5H-OMeDPA to a large extent. Consequently, T5H-OMeDPA single-crystal presents an about 5 times higher theoretical hole-mobility than PET-OMeDPA. More critically, the solution-processed racemic glassy film of T5H-OMeDPA displays a 3 times higher hole-mobility in comparison with the PET-OMeDPA counterpart, due to a larger domain of molecular aggregate. With respect to PET-OMeDPA, there is a weaker electronic coupling of helical T5H-OMeDPA with perovskite, leading to a reduced interfacial charge recombination. Due to reduced transport resistance and enhanced recombination resistance, perovskite solar cells with T5H-OMeDPA exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 21.1%, higher than that of 19.8% with PET-OMeDPA and that of 20.6% with spiro-OMeTAD control.
关键词： charge transport,perovskite solar cells,helicene,molecular semiconductors,π-π stacking
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Photovoltaic Characteristics of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells Added with Ethylammonium Bromide and Formamidinium Iodide
摘要： Photovoltaic characteristics of solar cell devices in which ethylammonium (EA) and formamidinium (FA) were added to CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite photoactive layers were investigated. The thin films for the devices were deposited by an ordinary spin-coating technique in ambient air, and the X-ray diffraction analysis revealed changes of the lattice constants, crystallite sizes and crystal orientations. By adding FA and EA, surface defects of the perovskite layer decreased, and the photoelectric parameters were improved. In addition, the highly (100) crystal orientations and device stabilities were improved by the EA and FA addition.
关键词： perovskite solar cells,ethlammonium,microstructure,formamidinium
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Multi-component engineering to enable long-term operational stability of perovskite solar cells
摘要： With a record efficiency above 25%, the main hurdle for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is their long-term operational stability. Although different strategies have been applied, the stability of PSCs is still far below the 25-year requirement demonstrated by commercial photovoltaic technologies. To advance in the former, a lab-scale stability analysis should resemble real testing conditions, and this is only possible through the interaction of several stress factors. Here, we briefly introduce the reader to the general degradation mechanisms observed on PSCs and the state-of-the-art strategies applied to realize long-term stable devices. Finally, we highlight the imperative need to engineer multiple components of the PSCs simultaneously and propose a rational design of PSC’s constituents to obtain long-term operational solar cells. This perspective article will benefit the progression of PSCs as a reliable photovoltaic technology.
关键词： multi-component engineering,perovskite solar cells,long-term operational stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Formation of stable 2D methylammonium antimony iodide phase for lead-free perovskite-like solar cells
摘要： The presence of lead in novel hybrid perovskite-based solar cells remains a significant issue regarding commercial applications. Therefore, antimony-based perovskite-like A3M2X9 structures are promising new candidates for low toxicity photovoltaic applications. So far, MA3Sb2I9 was reported to only crystallize in the ‘zero-dimensional’ (0D) dimer structure with wide indirect bandgap properties. However, the formation of the 2D layered polymorph is more suitable for solar cell applications due to its expected direct and narrow bandgap. Here, we demonstrate the first synthesis of phase pure 2D layered MA3Sb2I9, based on antimony acetate dissolved in alcoholic solvents. Using in situ XRD methods, we confirm the stability of the layered phase towards high temperature, but the exposure to 75 % relative humidity for several hours leads to a rearrangement of the phase with partial formation of the 0D structure. We investigated the electronic band structure and confirmed experimentally the presence of a semi-direct bandgap at around 2.1 eV. Our work shows that careful control of nucleation via processing conditions can provide access to promising perovskite-like phases for photovoltaic applications.
关键词： antimony,perovskite solar cells,2D materials,lead-free,photovoltaic applications
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The effect of ethylene-amine ligands enhancing performance and stability of perovskite solar cells
摘要： The inclusion of long chain alkyl-amine organics in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been reported to enhance water-resistance of perovskite films, but this strategy lowers device efficiency at the same time. Herein, we develop an approach that combines molecular dimensionality control and interfacial passivation of perovskite layers using a novel post-device treatment (PDT) with the vapour of ethylene-amine salts of different carbon chain lengths to improve both efficiency and stability of the PSCs. The effect of a series of ligand vapours including ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA) and triethylenetetramine (TETA) was systematically investigated. A thin hydrophobic two-dimensional (2D) perovskite capping layer formed in the device after the 3D perovskite was exposed to the vapour of long chain ethylene-amine molecules, such as DETA and TETA, which protected the underlying bulk 3D perovskite layer from moisture attack. An improved energy level alignment was obtained in the treated devices and that a reduced density of defects was present in the perovskite after treatment with DETA and TETA vapours. Consequently, enhanced efficiency from 17.07% to 18.09% (DETA) and improved moisture stability with PCE retention from 73.8% to 90.0% (TETA) under a relative humidity>65% for 1000 h were achieved by this vapour treatment respectively.
关键词： Dimensional engineering,Moisture stability,Perovskite solar cells,Surface passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Highly Efficient and Stable GABr-Modified Ideal-Bandgap (1.35 eV) Sn/Pb Perovskite Solar Cells Achieve 20.63% Efficiency with a Record Small <i>V</i> <sub/>oc</sub> Deficit of 0.33 V
摘要： 1.5–1.6 eV bandgap Pb-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with 30–31% theoretical efficiency limit by the Shockley–Queisser model achieve 21–24% power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). However, the best PCEs of reported ideal-bandgap (1.3–1.4 eV) Sn–Pb PSCs with a higher 33% theoretical efficiency limit are <18%, mainly because of their large open-circuit voltage (Voc) deficits (>0.4 V). Herein, it is found that the addition of guanidinium bromide (GABr) can significantly improve the structural and photoelectric characteristics of ideal-bandgap (≈1.34 eV) Sn–Pb perovskite films. GABr introduced in the perovskite films can efficiently reduce the high defect density caused by Sn2+ oxidation in the perovskite, which is favorable for facilitating hole transport, decreasing charge-carrier recombination, and reducing the Voc deficit. Therefore, the best PCE of 20.63% with a certificated efficiency of 19.8% is achieved in 1.35 eV PSCs, along with a record small Voc deficit of 0.33 V, which is the highest PCE among all values reported to date for ideal-bandgap Sn–Pb PSCs. Moreover, the GABr-modified PSCs exhibit significantly improved environmental and thermal stability. This work represents a noteworthy step toward the fabrication of efficient and stable ideal-bandgap PSCs.
关键词： ideal bandgap,perovskite solar cells,mixed tin–lead perovskites,guanidinium bromide,molecular doping
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Facile synthesis of a??lucky clovera?? hole-transport material for efficient and stable large-area perovskite solar cells
摘要： Hole-transporting materials (HTMs) play a vital role of transporting holes from the perovskite layer to the counter electrode in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A novel HTM BTPA-8 is feasibly synthesized by incorporating four dimethoxytriphenylamine leaflets and anthracene-based central bridge. BTPA-8 exhibits a suitable band alignment with MAPbI3 (MA ? CH3NH3) or FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 (FA?HC(NH2)2), high hole mobility, and high thermal stability. The best FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 device based on BTPA-8 exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.99% in the reverse scan with an aperture area of 0.09 cm2. Under the same condition, a PCE of 18.92% is achieved by the solar cell based on the standard spiro-OMeTAD (2,2,7,7-tetrakis-(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9-spirobifluorene). A comparable PCE of 12.31% is also obtained for BTPA-8 based MAPbI3 device compared with spiro-OMeTAD (13.25%) with an aperture area >1 cm2. BTPA-8 based PSCs exhibit better long-term stability than spiro-OMeTAD due to its high hydrophobicity. A lower synthesis cost of BTPA-8 than that of spiro-OMeTAD along with the elevated long-term stability makes it promising for application in PSCs.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,Hole-transporting material,Anthracene,Low cost
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01