- 标题
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- 实验方案
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Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Synthesized Gold Nanoparticle/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids for Photo-thermal Conversion
摘要： In this work, a room temperature atmospheric pressure direct-current plasma has been deployed for the one-step synthesis of gold nanoparticle/carboxyl group functionalized carbon nanotube (AuNP/CNT-COOH) nanohybrids in aqueous solution for the first time. Uniformly distributed AuNPs are formed on the surface of CNT-COOH, without the use of reducing agents or surfactants. The size of the AuNP can be tuned by changing the gold salt precursor concertation. UV-Vis, ζ-potential and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggest that carboxyl surface functional groups on CNTs served as nucleation and growth sites for AuNPs and the multiple potential reaction pathways induced by the plasma-chemistry have been elucidated in detail. The nanohybrids exhibit significantly enhanced Raman scattering and photothermal conversion efficiency, properties that are essential for potential multi-modal cancer treatment applications.
关键词： Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,Gold Nanoparticles,Photothermal Conversion,Carbon Nanotubes,Plasma Synthesis
更新于2025-11-19 16:56:35
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Ag-graphene/PEG composite phase change materials for enhancing solar-thermal energy conversion and storage capacity
摘要： In view of the excellent characteristic of thermal energy storage, phase change materials (PCMs) are of great significance for improving the efficiency of solar thermal energy utilization. However, the direct thermal effect of visible-light (40% of solar radiation) is very low. In order to improve the capabilities of visible-light absorption and photothermal conversion, we reported novel and efficient sunlight-driven PCMs based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) supported by Ag nanoparticle-functionalized graphene nanosheets (Ag–GNS). The multifolded layered structure provides Ag–GNS a large surface area to support PEG for achieving the shape stability before and after phase transition. Meanwhile, based on the local surface plasma resonance effect of Ag, Ag has high visible light selective absorption and infrared reflectance, which can give Ag–GNS enhanced light absorption capacity and reduced thermal radiation. So Ag–GNS/PEG can harvest sunlight and convert light to thermal energy with significantly higher efficiency (η = 88.7–92.0%). Moreover, Ag–GNS/PEG composites exhibit enhanced thermal conductivities (49.5–95.3%), high energy storage densities (> 166.1 J/g), high thermal energy storage/release rates and outstanding form-stable properties. Therefore, this novel sunlight-driven composite can be potentially used for clean and efficient utilization of solar energy.
关键词： Sunlight-driven,Photothermal conversion,Phase change materials,Ag–GNS
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Highly efficient solar steam generation via mass-produced carbon nanosheet frameworks
摘要： Carbon nanosheet frameworks are synthesized on the gram scale by exploiting the reaction between Mg powder and CS2 vapor. This fluffy carbon nanomaterial coated on fabric shows high performance in solar steam generation. The carbon film has high optical absorption of ~98% in visible and infrared spectrum. When under 1 sun solar-simulated light irradiance (1000 W m-2), the surface temperatures of dry and water-saturated carbon films reach 104 and 45 oC, respectively, indicating good heat localization. As a result, the carbon film under 1 sun illumination shows a high solar-to-vapor efficiency of 93%, which is higher than that of most photothermal conversion materials reported previously. The as-prepared carbon material may pave the way for harvesting solar energy to produce clean water at low cost.
关键词： solar steam generation,Mg thermoreduction,photothermal conversion,carbon nanosheet,vapor-solid reaction
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Bumpy Hollow Gold Nanospheres for Theranostic Application: Effect of Surface Morphology on Photothermal Conversion Efficiency
摘要： The combination of hollow core and rugose surface morphology is highly attractive for photoactive near-infrared (NIR) nanomaterials. Here, we present a facile pH modification to hollow gold nanosphere (HGN) synthesis to enable controlled tuning of the surface morphology from smooth to very bumpy. Unlike other methods, the synthetic protocol does not require harsh surfactants, secondary reducing agents, or organic solvents. The resultant bumpy HGNs (bHGNs) are highly monodisperse with little variation in protrusion length from particle to particle. Mechanistic studies suggest that surface rugosity is mainly controlled by the presence of free OH- ions in solution. We also present the first systematic investigation into the effect of surface morphology on the photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of bumpy as well as smooth HGNs, with a maximum PCE reaching 99%. Although expected to have a higher scattering component, the bHGNs retain the excellent PCE of their smooth counterparts, which may be due to efficient reabsorption of scattered light.
关键词： surface plasmon resonance,photothermal conversion efficiency,heat generation,surface morphology,hollow gold nanospheres
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Machine-Washable Smart Textiles with Photothermal and Antibacterial Activities from Nanocomposite Fibers of Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Polyacrylonitrile
摘要： Smart textiles based on conjugated polymers have been highlighted as promising fabrics that can intelligently respond to environmental stimuli based on the electrical properties of polymer semiconductors. However, there has been limited interest in the photothermal properties of conjugated polymers that can be applied to smart textiles. We prepared nanoparticles by assembling a conjugated polymer with a fatty acid via an emulsion process and nanocomposite fibers by distributing the conjugated polymer nanoparticles in a polyacrylonitrile matrix. We then fabricated the textiles using the fibers. The resulting fabrics based on nanocomposite fibers show a temperature increase to 50 °C in 10 min under white light irradiation because of efficient photothermal conversion by the conjugated polymer light harvester, while the temperature of a pristine polyacrylonitrile fabric increases to only 35 °C. In addition, excellent antimicrobial activity was confirmed by a 99.9% decrease in the populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli over 24 h because of the effect of the fatty acid in the nanocomposite films and fabrics. Furthermore, the fabric showed efficient durability after a laundry test, suggesting the usefulness of these smart textiles based on conjugated polymer nanoparticles for practical applications.
关键词： smart textiles,smart fabrics,antimicrobial fibers,photothermal conversion,nanocomposite fibers,conjugated polymer nanoparticles,polyacrylonitrile
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Oxygen-Defected Molybdenum Oxides Hierarchical Nanostructure Constructed by Atomic-Level Thickness Nanosheets as an Efficient Absorber for Solar Steam Generation
摘要： Solar steam generation is a potential approach for fresh water recycling, thus attracting increasing attention recently. To further promote water evaporation rate, some new materials need to be developed, such as plasmonic transition metal oxides. In this work, we report an oxygen-defected molybdenum oxides hierarchical nanostructure (MoOx HNS) composed of ultrathin nanosheets with atomic-level thickness, which is demonstrated as an efficient absorber for solar steam generation. Benefiting from broadband light absorption and special assembled architecture, the resulting MoOx HNS loaded on a PTFE membrane (MoOx HNS Membrane) exhibits excellent performance for boosting steam generation rate. Under 1 sun (1 kW m?2) illumination, the evaporation rate can reach at 1.255 kg m?2 h?1, with the energy conversion efficiency of 85.6%, which is one of the best performance compared with other desalination materials. Meanwhile, the MoOx HNS Membrane can achieve high-performance seawater desalination in both laboratorial and outdoor conditions. The enhanced water evaporation performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the efficient solar-to-thermal conversion and the unique channel structure. This work expands the scope of investigated materials which can be applied in seawater desalination system.
关键词： MoOx hierarchical nanostructure,seawater desalination,photothermal conversion,oxygen vacancies,solar steam generation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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All-Poly(Ionic Liquid) Membrane-Derived Porous Carbon Membranes: Scalable Synthesis and Application for Photothermal Conversion in Seawater Desalination
摘要： Herein we introduce a straightforward, scalable and technologically relevant strategy to manufacture charged porous polymer membranes (CPMs) in a controllable manner. The pore sizes and porous architectures of CPMs are well-controlled by rational choice of anions in poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs). Continuously, heteroatom-doped hierarchically porous carbon membrane (HCMs) can be readily fabricated via morphology-maintaining carbonization of as-prepared CPMs. These HCMs being as photothermal membranes exhibited excellent performance for solar seawater desalination, representing a promising strategy to construct advanced functional nanomaterials for portable water production technologies.
关键词： porous carbon membrane,tailorable porous architecture,poly(ionic liquid),photothermal conversion,oxidative stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Photothermal response of plasmonic nanofillers for membrane distillation
摘要： Light-to-heat conversion in plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) inside polymeric membranes is beneficial for improving the efficiency of membrane distillation for seawater desalination. However, the physical mechanisms ruling photothermal membrane distillation are unclear yet. Here, we model the plasmonic photothermal light-to-heat conversion from Ag, Au, and Cu nanofillers in polymeric membranes for membrane distillation. Photothermal effects in the cases of isolated metallic NPs and their assembly are investigated considering size effects and excitation sources. The increasing content of metallic NPs improves the efficiency of the light-to-heat conversion. For a polymeric membrane, filled with 25% Ag NPs, our model well reproduces the experimental temperature increase of 10 K. Specifically, we find that Ag NPs with a radius of around 30–40 nm are favorite candidates for membrane heating with excitation energy in the visible/near-UV range. The incorporation of a term associated with heat losses into the heat transfer equation well reproduces the cooling effect associated with vaporization at the membrane surface. Compared to Ag NPs, Au and Cu NPs show a broadened absorption cross section and their resonance has a nonlinear behavior with varying the excitation energy, better matching with sunlight radiation spectrum.
关键词： photothermal conversion,membrane distillation,seawater desalination,plasmonic nanoparticles,light-to-heat conversion
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Bioinspired photothermal conversion coatings with self-healing superhydrophobicity for efficient solar steam generation
摘要： Photothermal conversion materials are prone to contamination caused by microorganisms and mud in water and to damages caused by oxidative substances, corrosive liquids and ultraviolet light, thereby greatly limiting the practical application of solar steam generation. Inspired by lotuses, in this study, scalable, chemically and mechanically stable, and conductive photothermal conversion coatings with self-healing superhydrophobicity are fabricated by spraying a mixture of beeswax, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polydimethylsiloxane. The resulting photothermal conversion coatings exhibit broadband light absorption ability and can thus efficiently generate steam under sunlight irradiation. The integration of superhydrophobicity provides the photothermal conversion coatings with a self-cleaning ability that can prevent the reduction of steam generation efficiency induced by microorganisms and mud in water. In addition, the photothermal conversion coatings are capable of healing damage to their superhydrophobicity through the migration of beeswax, providing long-lasting protection. Furthermore, the photothermal conversion coatings possess an electric steam generation ability, which allows the coatings to continuously generate steam when sunlight is not available. Considering their low maintenance requirement, simple preparation process and high cost effectiveness, photothermal conversion coatings with self-healing superhydrophobicity may be suitable to provide fresh water for remote/disaster areas.
关键词： self-healing,coatings,photothermal conversion,solar steam generation,superhydrophobicity
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Sunlight Induced Photo-thermal Synergistic Catalytic CO2 Conversion via Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of MoO3-x
摘要： Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to solar fuels is considered an alternative approach for simultaneously mitigating the greenhouse effect and solving energy shortage. The efficient light harvesting and the thermochemical conversion has been a demanding quest in photocatalysis due to the relatively low solar energy utilization efficiency. In this work, oxygen vacancies are induced in MoO3 for improving photo-thermal CO2 reduction efficiency by capturing near-infrared (NIR) photons. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of MoO3-x triggered by oxygen vacancies endows the efficient capture of NIR photons. Additionally, oxygen vacancies can promote the carrier separation, improve CO2 adsorption on the defective surface and lower the barrier of CO2 hydrogenation during the conversion process. As a result, MoO3-x displayed dramatically enhanced photo-thermal synergistic CO2 reduction under simulated sunlight (UV-Vis-IR) irradiation than that of MoO3. The amount of CO produced by MoO3-x can reach 10.3 μmol·g-1·h-1, which is 20 times higher than that of MoO3 (0.52 μmol·g-1·h-1). And the CH4 production of MoO3-x can reach 2.08 μmol·g-1·h-1, which is 52 times higher than that of MoO3 (0.04 μmol·g-1·h-1). In-situ FT–IR and theoretical calculation also proved the enhanced activity of MoO3-x. This work highlights the significance of defect engineering for improving the photo-thermal catalytic conversion of CO2.
关键词： carbon dioxide,photothermal conversion,MoO3-x,solar energy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36