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Nonfullerene acceptors comprising a naphthalene core for high efficiency organic solar cells
摘要： A fused-ring electron acceptor (FREA) NDIC is designed and synthesized. Inspired by IDIC, NDIC was constructed by replacing the benzene with a naphthalene ring in its core unit. IDIC exhibits an optical bandgap of 1.60 eV and a lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of ?3.92 eV. In comparison, NDIC displays an optical band gap of 1.72 eV and a higher lying LUMO energy level of ?3.88 eV. Due to the higher energy level, inverted devices based on NDIC exhibit a higher open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.90 V, which is much higher than that of IDIC (0.77 V). After a series of optimizations, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.43% was obtained with a PBDB-T:NDIC blend active layer, in comparison, a PCE of 9.19% was achieved based on IDIC. Our results demonstrate that a tiny variation in the molecular structure could dramatically affect the optical and electrochemical properties, and thus the photovoltaic performance.
关键词： Nonfullerene acceptors,organic solar cells,fused-ring electron acceptor,photovoltaic performance,naphthalene core
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Effects of Sn Incorporation in ZnO Thin Films on Properties of Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Properties of electron transporting layer (ETL) play an important role on photovoltaic performances of perovskite solar cells. In this work, effects of Sn incorporation on properties of ZnO-based perovskite solar cells were investigated. Sn-doped ZnO (TZO) thin film as ETL was prepared via a sol?gel method. With 5% atom doping, TZO film coated on an indium doped tin oxide (ITO) substrate provided comparable light transmittance with that of an undoped ZnO/ITO substrate. It was also found that the optical band gap of TZO film (3.30 eV) is slightly wider than that of the ZnO one (3.28 eV). These results suggest that Sn atoms probably incorporated into the ZnO crystal during the sol-gel method. The grains size of perovskite layer coated on TZO or ZnO films also showed variation. The perovskite crystal on the TZO thin film (average 300 nm) was larger than that of the one on ZnO thin film (average 277 nm). The preliminary results indicate that the perovskite solar cell based on TZO film provided higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.42 % than the ZnO-based device (3.16%). Short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) of TZO-based device were also higher than the ZnO-based device. This may be because TZO film may provide lower resistivity and better ETL/perovskite interface contact, confirmed by lower series resistance and higher shunt resistance of the TZO-based device. Finally, this work introduced a simple method to prepare TZO film at low temperature for photovoltaic application. It may help guide the development of flexible solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.
关键词： perovskite solar cells,electron transporting layer,photovoltaic performance,sol-gel method,Sn-doped ZnO
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Optimizing Graphene Content in NiSe/Graphene Nanohybrid Counter Electrode on Boosting Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Nickel selenide (NiSe) nanoparticles were grown onto different mass ratios of graphene nanosheets (GN) to get their corresponding NiSe/GNx (x= 0.25 to 1.00) nanohybrids by a facile in-situ hydrothermal process to integrate the advantages of high specific surface area of graphene and homogeneously immobilized catalytic sites of NiSe. The nanohybrid having the mass ratio of 1:0.50 (i.e., NiSe/GN0.50) exhibited a higher electrocatalytic activity and electrolyte diffusion. Thus, NiSe/GN0.50 exhibited an improved photo-conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12% (? = 8.62%) than the standard Pt (? = 7.68%) based dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). This improved PCE mainly originated from the catalytic ability of NiSe and the multiple interfacial electron transfer pathway of graphene, resulting in the enhanced charge transfer and fast tri-iodide reduction kinetics at the counter electrode/electrolyte interface. The results obtained from the cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical AC-impedance (EIS) and Tafel polarization studies validated the synergistic effect of NiSe and GN and the high possibility of this nanohybrid as an efficient counter electrode (CE) for DSSC.
关键词： Photovoltaic performance,Counter electrode,Graphene nanosheets,Nickel selenide,Dye-sensitized solar cell
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Highly efficient perovskite solar cell utilizing a solution-processable tetrabenzoporphyrin hole transport material with p-type dopants
摘要： We demonstrate an efficient hole transporting material (HTM), soluble non-peripherally substituted octahexyl tetrabenzoporphyrin (C6TBPH2), for perovskite solar cells and determine the role of p-type dopants in improving the photovoltaic performance of devices utilizing this C6TBPH2 HTM. By adding p-type dopants, the fill factor and short-circuit current density under a reverse bias scan are improved from 0.20 ± 0.02 to 0.66 ± 0.03 and from 15 ± 2 to 20.8 ± 0.1 mA cm?2, respectively, due to formation of oxidized C6TBPH2 radical cations. Hence, the devices utilizing C6TBPH2 HTM achieve power conversion efficiencies of 15.2%, which are comparable with devices utilizing commercial HTMs fabricated under similar conditions.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,hole transport material,tetrabenzoporphyrin,photovoltaic performance,p-type dopants
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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PbS Quantum Dots as Additives in Methylammonium Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: the Effect of Quantum Dot Capping
摘要： Colloidal PbS quantum dots (QDs) have been successfully employed as additives in Halide Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) acting as nucleation centers in the perovskite crystallization process. For this strategy, the surface functionalization of the QD, controlled via the use of different capping ligands, is likely of key importance. In this work, we examine the influence of the PbS QD capping on the photovoltaic performance of methylammonium lead iodide PSCs. We test PSCs fabricated with PbS QD additives with different capping ligands including methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI), cesium lead iodide (CsPI) and 4-aminobenzoic acid (ABA). Both the presence of PbS QDs and the specific capping used have a significant effect on the properties of the deposited perovskite layer, which affects, in turn, the photovoltaic performance. For all capping ligands used, the inclusion of PbS QDs leads to the formation of perovskite films with larger grain size, improving, in addition, the crystalline preferential orientation and the crystallinity. Yet, differences between capping agents were observed. The use of QDs with ABA capping had higher impact on the morphological properties while the employment of CsPI ligand was more effective on the optical properties of the perovskite films. Taking advantage of the improved properties, PSCs based on the perovskite films with embedded PbS QDs exhibit an enhanced photovoltaic performance, observing the highest increase with ABA capping. Moreover, bulk recombination via trap states is reduced when the ABA ligand is used as capping of the PbS QD additives in the perovskite film. We demonstrate how surface chemistry engineering of PbS QD additives in solution-processed perovskite films opens a new approach towards the design of high quality materials, paving the way to improved optoelectronic properties and more efficient photovoltaic devices.
关键词： nucleation centers,PbS quantum dots,perovskite solar cells,photovoltaic performance,capping ligands
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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1D Pyrrolidinium Lead Iodide for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Due to the superior environmental stability, the utilization of low-dimensional perovskites in organometal halide solar cells (OMHSCs) has been on the sharp increase. Herein, we report a method to in situ form one-dimensional pyrrolidinium lead iodide (1D PyPbI3) atop the photoactive three-dimensional methylammonium lead iodide (3D MAPbI3) using pyrrolidine post-treatment. As compared to the 3D MAPbI3, the 1D PyPbI3 has a wider bandgap and is more environmentally stable, which serves as a tunnelling contact to mitigate charge carrier recombination and robust barrier against environmental degradation when incorporated into OMHSCs. Accordingly, power conversion efficiencies of the resulting MAPbI3 devices were enhanced from an average of 14.86 ± 0.65% to 15.9 ± 0.58% while shelf-life stability was significantly prolonged.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,one-dimensional perovskite,environmental stability,pyrrolidine,photovoltaic performance,pyrrolidinium lead iodide,charge recombination
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Facile-effective Hole Transporting Materials Based on Dibenzo[a,c]carbazole: The Key Role of Linkage Position to Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Film morphology of hole-transporting layer is proved as the key element to charge transfer and interfacial property in perovskite solar cells. In this text, a new dibenzo[a,c]carbazole (DBC) core with multiple reaction sites has been formed with Y-shape, in which, the phenathrene group was integrated as a plane π structure into the common carbazole moiety. Accordingly, three DBC-based hole-transporting materials (HTMs) with varied molecular configurations were synthesized by the introduction of N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine (F(Me)NPh) as the periphery groups at different linkage positions. Once being applied to perovskite solar cells as HTMs, DBC-2 with the twisted and asymmetric structure achieved the highest conversion efficiency of 20.02%. Also, the corresponding dopant-free device exhibited the PCE of 16.43% and good device stability, under glovebox and ambient conditions.
关键词： hole-transporting materials,dibenzo[a,c]carbazole,perovskite solar cells,molecular configurations,photovoltaic performance
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Self-assembled NiO microspheres for efficient inverted mesoscopic perovskite solar cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with both normal (n-i-p) and inverted (p-i-n) mesoscopic structures usually exhibit higher e?ciency than their planar counterparts because the mesoporous charge transport layers can supply heterogeneous nucleation sites for growing high quality perovskite crystals and enlarged charge separation area for better charge extraction. However, comparing with the achieved extremely high or even the certi?ed world record e?ciency of mesoscopic PSCs, the signi?cant improvement of inverted mesoscopic PSCs has yet been made, mainly owing to the lack of suitable p-type semiconductors for preparing mesoporous hole transport layers (HTLs). Here, an emulsion-based bottom-up self-assembly strategy is used to prepare NiO microspheres from well-dispersed NiO nanocrystals. The self-assembled NiO microspheres are further used to fabricate mesoporous NiO HTLs of the inverted mesoscopic PSCs. The as-prepared mesoporous NiO HTL with self-assembled NiO microspheres can provide more suitable graded energy alignment, better charge carrier dynamics and reduced dark recombination in the device comparing with the inverted planar PSC with NiO nanocrystal HTL, contributing to obviously enhanced photovoltaic performance and nearly eliminated photocurrent-voltage hysteresis. Due to the general strategy of emulsion-based bottom-up self-assembly for microspheres synthesis, it will overcome the shortage of p-type materials for preparing e?cient inverted mesoscopic PSCs.
关键词： Self-assembled NiO microspheres,Photovoltaic performance,Inverted mesoscopic perovskite solar cell
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of High-Energy Faceted TiO2 Nanocrystals Derived from Exfoliated Porous Metatitanic Acid Nanosheets with Improved Photocatalytic and Photovoltaic Performance
摘要： A facile one-pot microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of rutile TiO2 quadrangular prisms with dominant {110} facets, anatase TiO2 nanorods and square nanoprisms with co-exposed {101}/[111] facets, anatase TiO2 nanorhombuses with co-exposed {101}/{010} facets, and anatase TiO2 nanospindles with dominant {010} facets were reported through the use of exfoliated porous metatitanic acid nanosheets as a precursor. The nanostructures and the formation reaction mechanism of the obtained rutile and anatase TiO2 nanocrystals from the delaminated nanosheets were investigated. The transformation from the exfoliated metatitanic nanosheets with distorted hexagonal cavities to TiO2 nanocrystals involved a dissolution reaction of the nanosheets, nucleation of the primary [TiO6]8? monomers, and the growth of rutile-type and anatase-type TiO2 nuclei during the microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction. In addition, the photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared anatase nanocrystals were evaluated through the photocatalytic degradation of typical carcinogenic and mutagenic methyl orange (MO) under UV-light irradiation at a normal temperature and pressure. Furthermore, the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performance of the synthesized anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with various morphologies and crystal facets was also characterized. The {101}/[111]-faceted pH2.5-T175 nanocrystal showed the highest photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance compared to the other TiO2 samples, which could be attributed mainly to its minimum particle size and maximum specific surface area.
关键词： high-energy facets,photocatalytic activity,photovoltaic performance,anatase TiO2 nanocrystals
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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The effect of indium doping on photovoltaic properties of chemically synthesized zinc oxide thin-film electrodes
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) performance of chemically synthesized indium-doped zinc oxide (IZO) nanorod electrodes has been investigated by photocurrent density-voltage (J-V). The indium (In) concentration was varied from 2 to 6 at.% for IZO. The J-V measurements as performed under a dark condition and a simulated white light of 80 mW/cm2 confirmed increase in PV performance with the IZO electrodes, making a peak with the 4 at.% In concentration. The investigated properties of the synthesized In-doped ZnO nanorod electrodes (structural and optical) strongly agreed with the PV results and well support the enhanced PV performance of the IZO electrodes. This clearly indicates that IZO electrodes would be preferred against undoped ones in PV solar cell application.
关键词： IZO electrodes,Photovoltaic performance,In concentration,Wurtzite crystal structure,ZnO nanorods
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04