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Bulk Electrolysis of Zn-Phthalocyanine Unveils Self assembled Nanospheres via Anion Binding
摘要： Stimuli repsonsive π-conjugated macrocyclic systems has shown significant attention in organic electronics, however, amongst them, porphyrins and phthalocyanines unveiled remarkable growth towards materials and biological applications. Herein, we report bulk electrolysis of Zn-phthalocyanine system (ZnPc-OMe) under potential difference of 1.5 V in chloroform results anion binding mechanism directs the formation of self-assembled nanospheres by diffusion controlled approach. Electrochemical and UV-Vis absorption studies of ZnPc-OMe suggest that anion (Cl-) binding ability towards ‘Zn‘ whilst applied potential leads to the formation of H+[(Cl)ZnPc-OMe]- promote the enhanced current and charge generation. Microscopic analysis revealed that ZnPc-OMe and H+[(Cl)ZnPc-OMe]- exhibit the nanosheets and spheres with an average diameter of 0.5 - 1 μm and 300 – 500 nm, respectively. Powder X- ray diffraction analysis and raman spectra revealed the changes in crystalline phase transitions via ion-dipole and p -p stacking interactions. Thus, these unique features are atypical for phthalocyanine derivative hitherto unknown.
关键词： bulk electrolysis,Zn-phthalocyanine,voltage stimulus,anion binding,self-assembled nanospheres
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Bis (tri-alkylsilyl oxide) silicon phthalocyanines: understanding the role of solubility on device performance as ternary additives in organic photovoltaics
摘要： The use of ternary additives in organic photovoltaics (OPV) is a promising route to improve overall device performance. Silicon phthalocyanines (SiPcs) are ideal candidates due to their absorption profile, low cost and ease of synthesis and chemical tunability. However, to date only a few examples have been reported and specific strategies to help design improved ternary additives have not been established. In this study, we report a relationship between ternary additive solubility and device performance, demonstrating that device performance is maximized when the SiPc additive solubility is similar to that of the donor polymer (P3HT, in this case). This improved performance can be attributed to the favored interfacial precipitation of the SiPcs when its solubility matches that of the other components of the thin film. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) varied from 2.4% to 3.4% by using axially substituted SiPcs with different solubilities, where the best ternary additive led to a 25% increase in PCE compared to the baseline device.
关键词： organic photovoltaics,solubility,ternary additive,phthalocyanine
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Photocatalytical Treatment of Synthetic Wastewater Containing Chlorophenols by TiO2 Nanoparticles Sensitized with Cobalt Phthalocyanine Under Visible Light
摘要： In this paper, sensitization TiO2 nanoparticles with sulphonated cobalt phthalocyanine(CoPcS-TNP) has been reported. The prepared samples characterized by different analysis such as: XRD, FT-IR, EDX, nitrogen physisorption, TG and TEM techniques. The XRD, TEM and nitrogen physisorption results showed the prepared samples containing only the pure anatase phase with crystal sizes in the range of 7-10 nm and high surface areas of 133-280 m2/g. The presence of CoPcS in photocatalysts confirmed by FT-IR and EDX analysis. The CoPcS-TNP samples showed efficient activity for photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) under visible light. The sample CoPcS-TNP (2.24) was the best photocatalyst for degradation of chlorophenols under visible light. The degradation reactions follow first-order kinetics. Reusing experiments of the photocatalyst showed a reduction activity from 95% to 60% for chlorophenols degradation after four cycles. The major intermediates of degradation were oxalic acid, pyruvic acid and malonic acid which identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
关键词： Degradation,TiO2,Nanoparticles,Phthalocyanine,Chlorophenols
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Novel Hexadeca-Substituted Metal Free and Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines; Design, Synthesis and Photophysicochemical Properties
摘要： The syntheses of a novel 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexyloxy-2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl) phthalocyanine (3a) and its zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivative (3b) have been described and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, mass, UV-Vis and FT-IR. The newly prepared metal-free phthalocyanine and its zinc(II) counterpart are soluble in most organic solvents. The photophysical and photochemical properties such as aggregation, fluorescence, singlet oxygen generation and photodegradation under light irradiation of these phthalocyanines have been investigated in DMF. The hexadeca-substituted phthalocyanines (3a and 3b) showed longer absorption and emission wavelength values when compared to that of reported phthalocyanine derivatives due to substitution of the all possible positions in the phthalocyanine framework. The zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivative does not only have a good singlet oxygen generation but also has other photophysicochemical properties that enables this phthalocyanine to be useful as a photosensitizer for cancer treatment using photodynamic therapy.
关键词： phthalocyanine,Suzuki-coupling,photodynamic therapy,photochemical,photophysical
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Synthesis of water soluble silicon phthacyanine, naphthalocyanine bearing pyridine groups and investigation of their DNA interaction, topoisomerase inhibition, cytotoxic effects and cell cycle arrest properties
摘要： In this work, axially [3,5-bis(3-pyridin-4-ylpropoxy)phenyl]methoxy groups substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanine 2, napthalocyanine 3 and their water soluble derivatives 2a, 3a were synthesized and DNA interaction, topoisomerases inhibitory properties, cytotoxicity against five carcinoma cell lines of water soluble derivatives were examined. The calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) binding properties of 2a and 3a were monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the compounds interacted to CT-DNA via intercalation with Kb values of 3.94 ± (0.15) ×106 and 1.08 ± (0.10) ×105 M-1. In DNA cleavage studies, the compounds cleaved to supercoiled pBR322 plasmid DNA significantly with irradiation as compared to without irradiation. The results of topoisomerases studies claimed that both compounds had inhibitory effects against topoisomerases. In the cytotoxicity studies, the CC50 values of the compounds were found in range of 2.15-52.97 μM against to five carcinoma cell lines. The SI values of 3a were found as 4.51, 1.43 and 3.66 against A549, BT20 and SK-MEL 128 cell lines. The cell cycle arrest was investigated against A549 cells by flow cytometry and obtained results indicated that both compounds induce cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. All of obtained results demonstrated that 3a had lead anticancer agent toward lung, breast and melanoma due to its high selectivity to cancer cell lines.
关键词： Water solubility,Cytotoxicity,Topoisomerases.,DNA,Phthalocyanine,Cell cycle arrest
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Crosswise Phthalocyanines with Collinear Functionalization: New Paradigmatic Derivatives for Efficient Singlet Oxygen Photosensitization
摘要： We describe here the preparation of a number of trans-ABAB Zn(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) 1a-g, which combine several interesting features. First, these compounds present high solubility and hindered aggregation, due to the functionalization of two facing isoindole constituents (B) of the ZnPc with bis(trifluoromethylphenyl) units. Second, the other two isoindoles (A) hold extra-annulated phthalimide units containing different substituents in the nitrogen positions, this feature resulting in a collinear arrangement of a variety of functional groups. Some of these collinearly functionalized ZnPcs are interesting building blocks for constructing either homo- or heteroarrays containing ZnPc units. On the other hand, the amphiphilic nature of some members of the series renders them interesting candidates for photosensitization of singlet oxygen. Photophysical studies on ZnPc 1c, selected as model compound of the series, have proven these molecules efficient singlet oxygen photosensitizers in both polar and apolar media, with 1O2 quantum yields (ΦΔ) as high as 0.74.
关键词： photophysics,phthalocyanine,fluorescence,collinear functionalization,singlet oxygen
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Phthalocyanine-silver nanoparticle structures for plasmon-enhanced dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： The localized surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was examined to improve the performance of phthalocyanine (MTXPc) in the plasmon-enhanced phthalocyanine-sensitized solar cells. When MTXPc dyes directly conjugated to Ag NPs (MTXPc-AgNPs) were used to sensitize solar cells, both of short-circuit current density (JSC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC) of phthalocyanine-sensitized solar cells were significantly increased. In the case of MTXPc conjugated to Ag@ZIF-8 (MTXPc-Ag@ZIF-8), slightly increasing in the JSC compared to alone MTXPc are observable but their VOC are significantly greater than alone MTXPc. Increasing in the JSC and VOC of the MTXPc-AgNPs and MTXPc-Ag@ZIF-8 lead to improve the performance of phthalocyanine in plasmon-enhanced phthalocyanine-sensitized solar cells compared to alone MTXPc. Also, the examination of the effect of the carboxyl- and sulfonyl-anchored dye (ZnTCPc-AgNPs and ZnTSPc-AgNPs, respectively) in conjunction with plasmonic NPs on the performance of DSSCs showed that ZnTCPc-AgNPs and ZnTSPc-AgNPs perform significantly better than their unsubstituted analogues. The studying the effect of the metal in the central cavity of phthalocyanine using zinc, manganese, iron, cobalt, and nickel showed that the metal in the central cavity of phthalocyanine has the critical role toward the photovoltaic performance of the plasmon-enhanced phthalocyanine-sensitized solar cells.
关键词： Plasmonic effect,Phthalocyanine,Dye-sensitized solar cells,Silver nanoparticle
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A study on solution-processable tetrabenzomonoazaporphyrin hole transport material for pervoskite solar cells
摘要： We demonstrate optical and electronic properties and structure of an efficient hole transporting material (HTM), soluble non-peripherally substituted octahexyl tetrabenzomonoasaporphyrin (C6TBMAPH2), for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). X-ray diffraction patterns of C6TBMAPH2 thin film with two peaks at around 4.6° and 4.9° indicate that the symmetry of columns is likely to be 2-dimensional rectangular lattice and stacking period of molecules along columnar axis may be disordered. The absorption spectra of C6TBMAPH2 exhibit the two predominated bands at around 400 and 650 nm, which correspond to the B and Q bands, respectively. Furthermore, the electronic band structure of C6TBMAPH2, was calculated with highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of ?5.0 and ?3.3 eV, respectively. All results suggest that C6TBMAPH2 could be one potential HTM to extract hole and block electron from the absorber to the back electrode. Finally, an efficient solid-state, thin-film PSC utilising C6TBMAPH2 HTM is fabricated with the best PCEs of 4.9 and 5.6% under forward and reverse bias scans, respectively.
关键词： small molecule,perovskite solar cells,phthalocyanine,hole transport material
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Thin Films Based on Cobalt Phthalocyanine:C60 Fullerene:ZnO Hybrid Nanocomposite Obtained by Laser Evaporation
摘要： Matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) was used to deposit hybrid nanocomposite thin films based on cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), C60 fullerene and ZnO nanoparticles. The inorganic nanoparticles, with a size of about 20 nm, having the structural and optical properties characteristic of ZnO, were chemically synthesized by a simple precipitation method. Furthermore, ZnO nanoparticles were dispersed in a dimethyl sulfoxide solution in which CoPc and C60 had been dissolved, ready for the freezing MAPLE target. The effect of the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the CoPc:C60:ZnO hybrid nanocomposite layers deposited by MAPLE was evaluated. The infrared spectra of the hybrid nanocomposite films confirm that the CoPc and C60 preserve their chemical structure during the laser deposition process. The CoPc optical signature is recognized in the ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra of the obtained layers, these being dominated by the absorption bands associated to this organic compound while the ZnO optical fingerprint is identified in the photoluminescence spectra of the prepared layers, these disclosing the emission bands linked to this inorganic semiconductor. The hybrid nanocomposite layers exhibit globular morphology, which is typical for the thin films deposited by MAPLE. Current-voltage (J-V) characteristics of the structures developed on CoPc:C60:ZnO layers reveal that the addition of an appropriate amount of ZnO nanoparticles in the CoPc:C60 mixture leads to a more efficient charge transfer between the organic and inorganic components. Due to their photovoltaic effect, structures featuring such hybrid nanocomposite thin films deposited by MAPLE can have potential applications in the field of photovoltaic devices.
关键词： cobalt phthalocyanine,photovoltaic effect,hybrid nanocomposite films,MAPLE,ZnO nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Effect of Substrate Temperature on Twin Donor Layer Organic Solar Cell
摘要： The growth mechanism of the active layers of twin donor layer organic solar cell based on zinc and copper phthalocyanine materials at different substrate temperature and its influence on the device performance has been investigated. AFM measurements show the variation of morphology of the thin films with different substrate temperature. Devices with active twin layer deposited in 150 ?C are found to have the highest short circuit current 1.26 mAcm-2 and show the highest efficiency 0.2%. The other electrical characteristics of the as fabricated devices were obtained by investigating the current–density (J-V) curve, the fill factor (FF) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis.
关键词： Copper phthalocyanine,Organic solar cell,Twin donor layer,Zinc phthalocyanine
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52