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Simultaneous 18F-fluciclovine Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of Prostate Cancer
摘要： Purpose: To investigate the associations of metabolite levels derived from magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and 18F-?uciclovine positron emission tomography (PET) with prostate tissue characteristics. In a cohort of 19 high-risk prostate cancer patients that underwent simultaneous PET/MRI, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of MRSI and PET for discrimination of aggressive cancer lesions from healthy tissue and benign lesions. Data analysis comprised calculations of correlations of mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean), maximum SUV (SUVmax), and the MRSI-derived ratio of (total choline + spermine + creatine) to citrate (CSC/C). Whole-mount histopathology was used as gold standard. Results: The results showed a moderate signi?cant correlation between both SUVmean and SUVmax with CSC/C ratio. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the simultaneous acquisition of 18F-?uciclovine PET and MRSI with an integrated PET/MRI system is feasible and a combination of these imaging modalities has potential to improve the diagnostic sensitivity and speci?city of prostate cancer lesions.
关键词： citrate,benign prostatic hyperplasia,chemical shift imaging,prostate cancer,positron emission tomography,magnetic resonance spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Pattern-Based Interpretation Criteria for 18F-Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in the Assessment of Pyogenic Spine Infection
摘要： 18F-?udeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is the procedure of choice for investigation of pyogenic spine infection (PSI) when other imaging fails to provide a de?nitive diagnosis, and for assessment of treatment response when patients are not responding as expected to antibiotic therapy [1]. Interpretation criteria for 18F-FDG PET/CT in the initial diagnosis of spine infection have previously relied on the intensity of the 18F-FDG activity. Sites with activity greater than in normal marrow are generally considered actively infected. Results from different series are dif?cult to compare because of different imaging techniques and inclusion criteria. PET-only systems (without the bene?t of a localization CT) were used prior to the availability of hybrid PET/CT. Patient populations were heterogeneous and included spine and peripheral osteomyelitis cases, infection with pyogenic organisms and tuberculosis, and non-operated and postoperative patients with and without hardware. Despite these shortcomings, a review of the early literature [2] and more recent series [3e6] have all reported high sensitivity and speci?city in the diagnosis of spine infection. The localization of 18F-FDG is nonspeci?c and occurs with infection but also with non-septic in?ammation, fracture, or neoplasm. The references quoted above have consisted of random cases, or prospective series of cases, of suspected spine infection. The prevalence of 18F-FDG-avid non-septic conditions in these series is likely low, explaining the relatively high speci?cities reported. False-positive 18F-FDG PET/CT using intensity-based criteria may be more common in problem cases done for initial diagnosis because imaging other than 18F-FDG PET/CT failed to provide a de?nitive diagnosis. Non-septic activity is commonly seen if 18F-FDG PET/CT is done for assessment of antibiotic treatment response for PSI.
关键词： Antibiotic treatment response,18F-?udeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography,Pyogenic spine infection,Discitis,Vertebral osteomyelitis
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Fluorine-18 Isotope Labeling for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. Direct Evidence for DBPR211 as a Peripherally Restricted CB1 Inverse Agonist
摘要： The [18F] isotope-labelled CB1 inverse agonist 3 was elaborated and synthesized for positron emission tomography scanning studies. After immediate purification and calibration with its unlabeled counterpart, compound 3 was intravenously injected in mice and revealed that its distribution percentage in brain over 90-min scans among five region of interests, including brain, liver, heart, thigh muscle and kidney was lower than 1%, thus providing direct evidence to justify itself as a peripherally restricted CB1 antagonist.
关键词： Peripherally restricted CB1 inverse agonist,Cannabinoid-1 antagonist,Positron emission tomography,Blood-brain barrier
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Molecular imaging of the atherosclerotic plaque using positron emission tomography
摘要： Accurately assessing an individual’s risk of myocardial infarction or stroke using currently available risk stratification tools remains a challenge, even in patients with symptomatic disease. Inflammation, micro-calcification and intra-plaque angiogenesis occur during the development and ultimate rupture of vulnerable plaques. Molecular imaging techniques such as combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) offer the opportunity to target these key cellular processes within atheroma and identify high-risk lesions. In this review we will set out the studies that have demonstrated the feasibility of PET/CT imaging in assessing atherosclerotic plaque inflammation, micro-calcification and angiogenesis. We will also discuss the potential of PET/CT molecular imaging as both a screening tool for novel therapeutic interventions and as a means of improving cardiovascular risk stratification.
关键词： inflammation,angiogenesis,vulnerable plaque,positron emission tomography,micro-calcification
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Radiochemistry in a flash: photochemical conjugation and one-pot radiolabelling of antibodies for immuno-PET
摘要： Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), immunoglobulin fragments and other proteins are important scaffolds in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic immuno-positron emission tomography (immuno-PET) and targeted radioimmunotherapy (RIT). Conventional methods for radiolabelling proteins with metal ions like 68Ga, 64Cu, 89Zr, and 90Y etc require multi-step procedures involving pre-purification, functionalisation with a chelate, and subsequent radiolabelling. Standard coupling chemistries are time consuming, difficult to automate, and involve synthesis, isolation and storage of an intermediate, new molecular entity (the conjugated mAb) whose biochemical properties can differ from those of the parent protein. To circumvent these issues, we developed a photoradiochemical approach that uses fast, chemoselective, light-induced protein modification under mild conditions with novel metal ion binding chelates derivatised with arylazide (ArN3) groups. Experiments show that one-pot photochemical conjugation and radiolabelling of formulated mAbs can be achieved in <20 min.
关键词： Radiochemistry,photochemistry,antibody conjugates,positron emission tomography,arylazides
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The feasibility of dedicated breast PET for the assessment of residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
摘要： Purpose To evaluate the utility of ring-type dedicated breast positron emission tomography (dbPET) for the detection of the residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Materials and methods This prospective study included 27 women with histologically proven breast cancer over a 37-month period. All patients underwent ring-type dbPET followed by whole-body PET-CT (WBPET) for preoperative tumor evaluation and re-staging after NAC. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the tumor lesion and the degree of confidence for the presence of the residual tumor were compared between pathological complete response (pCR) and non-pCR tumors. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the detection of a non-pCR tumor were compared between dbPET and WBPET. Results On dbPET, SUVmax was significantly higher in non-pCR than in pCR tumors (P = 0.030). The sensitivity for the detection of a non-pCR tumor was significantly higher with dbPET than with WBPET (84.2% vs 26.3%, P = 0.001). In the qualitative analysis, the sensitivity for the detection of a non-pCR tumor was also significantly higher with dbPET than with WBPET (57.9% vs 21.1%, P = 0.016). Conclusion The dbPET can provide more sensitive detection of residual tumor after NAC than can WBPET.
关键词： Breast cancer,Dedicated breast positron emission tomography,Neoadjuvant chemotherapy,Whole-body PET-CT,Residual tumor
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Past and Present of Imaging Modalities Used for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Androgen Receptor Targeted Imaging of Prostate Cancer as a Future Modality for Early, Rapid and Efficient Diagnosis
摘要： Background: Prostate cancer is the second most prevailing cancer among men worldwide. In the most cases, prostate cancer is slowly progressing, whereas, in some cases, it is a rapidly progressing disease leading to the significantly high mortality rate. Thus, there is still demand for prostate-specific imaging in order to provide image-guided early diagnosis and for the provision of patient-specific therapy. Discussion: Besides discussing traditional diagnostic approaches, this review illustrates a perspective on prostate cancer imaging summarizing current imaging approaches with a special focus on Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA), Bombesin (BN) and Androgen Receptor (AR) targeted imaging using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Positron Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) based on 99mTc and other radiotracers. Here, the prostate biology is reconsidered for nuclear imaging as future modality for early, rapid and efficient diagnosis of prostate cancer. Conclusion: Future direction in prostate cancer imaging involves the development of androgen receptor based imaging using nonsteroidal antiandrogen agent for early diagnosis of prostate cancer.
关键词： single photon emission computed tomography,Prostate cancer,patient-specific therapy,radiotracer,positron-emission tomography,prostate-specific membrane antigen
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) - Atlanta, GA (2017.10.21-2017.10.28)] 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) - SIRF: Synergistic Image Reconstruction Framework
摘要： The combination of positron emission tomography (PET) with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging opens the way to more accurate diagnosis and improved patient management. At present, the data acquired by PET and MR scanners are essentially processed separately, and the search for ways to improve accuracy of the tomographic reconstruction via synergy of the two imaging techniques is an active area of research. The aim of the collaborative computational project on PET and MR (CCP-PETMR), supported by the UK engineering and physical sciences research council (EPSRC), is to accelerate research in synergistic PET-MR image reconstruction by providing an open access software platform for efficient implementation and validation of novel reconstruction algorithms. In this paper, we present the first release of the Synergistic Image Reconstruction Framework (SIRF) software suite from the CCP-PETMR. SIRF provides user-friendly Python and MATLAB interfaces to advanced PET and MR reconstruction packages written in C++ (currently this uses STIR, Software for Tomographic Image Reconstruction, for PET and Gadgetron for MR, but SIRF will be able to link to other reconstruction engines in the future as appropriate). The software is capable of reconstructing images from real scanner data. Both of the available integrated clinical PET-MR systems (Siemens and GE) are being targeted, and a suitable data format exchange is being negotiated with the manufacturers.
关键词： Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Research Software Engineering,Scientific Programming,Positron Emission Tomography
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Integrated Whole Body MR/PET: Where Are We?
摘要： Whole body integrated magnetic resonance imaging (MR)/positron emission tomography (PET) imaging systems have recently become available for clinical use and are currently being used to explore whether the combined anatomic and functional capabilities of MR imaging and the metabolic information of PET provide new insight into disease phenotypes and biology, and provide a better assessment of oncologic diseases at a lower radiation dose than a CT. This review provides an overview of the technical background of combined MR/PET systems, a discussion of the potential advantages and technical challenges of hybrid MR/PET instrumentation, as well as collection of possible solutions. Various early clinical applications of integrated MR/PET are also addressed. Finally, the workflow issues of integrated MR/PET, including maximizing diagnostic information while minimizing acquisition time are discussed.
关键词： Positron emission tomography,MR/PET,Magnetic resonance imaging,Hybrid imaging
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Assessment of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET positivity predictive factors in prostate cancer
摘要： Purpose: Positron emission tomography (PET) studies with 68Ga-PSMA-11 (68Ga-HBED-CC-PSMA) have earned the attention of researchers, due to overexpression of PSMA in the tumoral tissues of prostate cancer. Our aim was to analyze the potential benefit of this radiotracer in the biochemical relapse of prostate cancer. Material and methods: This retrospective analysis included 53 studies, performed on 50 male prostate cancer patients referred due to biochemical recurrence. In all cases, previous imaging techniques were negative or inconclusive. Results: Of the 53 studies, 36 (68%) were positive. Significant differences were found between the positive and negative PET groups in Gleason’s scale, PSA levels, PSAdt, late acquisition and the administration of androgen deprivation therapy during treatment (p < .05). Regarding PSA levels, 10 (48%) of the 21 patients with PSA < 1 ng/ml, obtained a pathological PET result. When the PSAdt was below six months, 86.7% of the patients obtained an abnormal PET. In the multivariate analysis, only Gleason’s scale was associated independently with an abnormal PET result. Conclusions: 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET shows a high disease detection rate in patients where other techniques showed negative or doubtful images. Almost 50% of patients with prostate cancer biochemical recurrence and low PSA levels (<1 ng/ml) have active disease on 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET, precisely where other radiotracers lack sensitivity.
关键词： Prostate-specific membrane antigen,68Ga-PSMA-11,Prostate cancer,Positron emission tomography
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46