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Harmonizing by reducing inter-run variability: performance evaluation of a quality assurance program for antinuclear antibody detection by indirect immunofluorescence
摘要： Background: The introduction of automated anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) analysis may allow for more harmonized ANA IIF reporting, provided that a thorough quality assurance program controls this process. The aim of this study was to evaluate various quality indicators used for ANA IIF analysis with the final goal of optimizing the iQC program. Methods: In an experimental setup, we introduced artificial errors, mimicking plausible problems during routine practice on a QUANTA-Lyser-NOVA View? system (Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA). Predetermined quality indicators were evaluated against predefined acceptance criteria. In addition, we retrospectively investigated the applicability of the selected quality indicators in the daily routine practice during three pre-defined periods. Results: Both the experimental as the retrospective study revealed that pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical errors were not highlighted by company internal quality control (iQC) materials. The use of patient derived iQC samples, median fluorescence intensity results per run and the percentage of positive ANA IIF results as additional quality indicators ensured a more adequate ANA IIF quality assurance. Furthermore, negative and moderate positive sample iQC materials merit clinical validation, as titer changes of >1 correspond to clinically important shifts. Traditional Westgard rules, including a clinically defined stop limit, revealed to be useful in monitoring of the supplemental quality indicators. Conclusions: A thorough ANA IIF quality assurance for daily routine practice necessitates the addition of supplemental quality indicators in combination with well-defined acceptance criteria.
关键词： automation,indirect immunofluorescence,antinuclear antibodies,quality control
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Rapid and sensitive detection of formaldehyde using portable 2-dimensional gas chromatography equipped with photoionization detectors
摘要： We developed an automated and highly portable device for rapid and sensitive formaldehyde detection based on heart-cutting 2-dimensional gas chromatography. In this design, the air sample was first absorbed by a preconcentrator before it is injected into the 1st-dimensional column (Rtx?-VMS). The partial elution from the 1st-dimensional column containing formaldehyde was re-injected into the 2nd-dimensional column (Rt? Q-BOND column) for further separation. The detection of formaldehyde was achieved by using a micro-helium dielectric barrier discharge photoionization detector that is able to ionize formaldehyde (ionization potential = 10.88 eV). Due to the use of many miniaturized components, the entire system has a weight of only 1.3 kg (excluding the helium cartridge) and dimensions of only 27 cm x 24 cm x 12 cm. It is capable of detecting formaldehyde down to 0.5 ppb (V/V) with a signal-to-noise ratio of 6 in only 11 min (including 6 min of sampling). Meanwhile, simultaneous separation and detection of other air pollution related toxic compounds, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene, was also demonstrated by the 1-dimensional column and a flow-through micro-photoionization detector. The device developed here should have a broad range of applications in environmental protection, industries, space exploration, and battlefield.
关键词： Gas chromatography,Air quality control,Indoor air analysis,Photoionization detector,2D GC,Formaldehyde detection
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Intricacies of the Determination of the Radiochemical Purity of 68Ga Preparations: Possibility of Sorption of Ionic 68Ga Species on Reversed-Phase Columns
摘要： The results of studying 68Ga radiopharmaceuticals using various TLC and HPLC procedures are compared. The data obtained reliably show that a part of 68Ga ionic species are irreversibly (under definite conditions) sorbed onto chromatographic columns packed with С18 reversed phase. The loss of 68Ga ionic species in the analysis can reach 90%. The 68Ga loss increases with an increase in pH of the preparation. At pH 2.5–3.0, the total loss of 68Ga ionic species on the chromatographic column does not exceed 15%. At pH 4.0, it is 65 ± 7% on the average, and at pH 6.0 it reaches 87 ± 8%. This effect should be taken into account in analysis of any 68Ga radiopharmaceuticals.
关键词： radiochemical purity,radiopharmaceuticals,sorption,complexation,HPLC,quality control,chromatography,gallium-68
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Experimental evaluation of seven quality control phantoms for digital breast tomosynthesis
摘要： Keywords: Breast, Diagnostic imaging, Digital breast tomosynthesis, Quality control, Screening. Purposes: The introduction of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) into the French breast cancer screening program is forecast by the authorities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate image quality phantoms to be used as internal quality controls. Methods: Seven breast phantoms dedicated to quality control in mammography were evaluated on reconstructed DBT images: ACR Model 015, BR3D, DBT QC model 021, Mam/Digi-EPQC, MTM100, TOMOMAM? and TOMOPHAN?. Two representative image parameters of DBT images were studied: image score and z-resolution, when inserts were included in the phantom, on five DBT systems of three different brands. Three observers were involved. Results: The MTM100, Mam/Digi-EPQC, BR3D, DBT QC model 021 phantoms' images presented artefacts affecting the image score. The ACR Model 015, TOMOMAM? and TOMOPHAN? phantoms appeared to be pertinent for DBT image score analysis. Due to saturation artefacts, Z-resolution results were not coherent with the theory for all phantoms except by using aluminium beads in the TOMOMAM? phantom. Conclusions: Phantom manufacturers should be encouraged to collaborate with DBT system manufacturers in order to design universal phantoms suitable for all systems for more complete quality control. From our study we can propose several specifications for an ideal and universal phantom designed for internal quality control in DBT. Phantoms should allow sensitive image score measurements. The background structure should be realistic to avoid artefacts. Phantoms should have a standard breast-like shape and size.
关键词： Breast,Digital breast tomosynthesis,Screening,Diagnostic imaging,Quality control
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 38th International Conference on Electronics and Nanotechnology (ELNANO) - Kiev (2018.4.24-2018.4.26)] 2018 IEEE 38th International Conference on Electronics and Nanotechnology (ELNANO) - Simulated Phantom Projections for Reconstruction Quality Control in Digital Tomosynthesis
摘要： IMASIM software was used to generate sets of X-ray projections for quality control in digital tomosynthesis. Corresponding projections of a polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) phantom with the same size were taken using x-ray tomosynthesis imaging equipment. A specially designed fiduciary marker bead phantom was used to measure the relative positions of imaging system elements. A good correspondence was found between real and simulated projections and reconstructed slices. The ability to create simulated projections with predefined imperfections gives valuable benefits to analysis of overall tomosynthesis performance.
关键词： X-ray applications,digital X-ray tomosynthesis,quality control,biomedical imaging,numerical simulation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Singapore (2018.5.22-2018.5.25)] 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Quality Control for Solar Irradiance Data
摘要： With the advent of sensing technology, high-resolution data have become ubiquitous among various smart grid applications. Whereas the data provide valuable empirical evidence, they are often, if not always, subject to significant measurement uncertainty. However, nor is there any standardized procedure to quality control (QC) these data. In this regard, this paper investigates the well-known dataset from the Baseline Solar Radiation Network (BSRN). BSRN archives (mostly) 1-min solar irradiance data from 60 stations around the world for over two decades. A six-step QC procedure is demonstrated using the BSRN data.
关键词： solar irradiance,quality control,BSRN
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Inverse projected-fringe technique for measurement of dimensions and surface profile of axisymmetric objects
摘要： An inverse projected-fringe technique based on simulating the system of a projector-part-camera is proposed for an on-machine inspection of axisymmetric parts. Parts considered for this study are relatively large, have high specular surfaces and have sharp slopes. A computer simulation-based method and the CAD model of the part was used to produce the inverse fringes as well as to find an appropriate trace passing through the symmetrical axis of the part that offers the best signal to noise ratio. This technique measures the deviation from a master-part and provides an accuracy of better than 10 microns for the part with a radial dimension of about 10 cm. It is shown that the proposed technique improves the signal to noise ratio and the repeatability of the system compared to the standard fringe projection technique, in particular for the areas with a steep slope.
关键词： Fringe projection,Structured light,Inverse fringe projection,Optical metrology,Quality control
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Rapid quality control of medicine and food dual purpose plant polysaccharides by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
摘要： With the multiple biological activities and health benefit effects, polysaccharide in medicine and food dual purpose plants (MFDPPP) has been extensively applied in many fields, such as medical treatment, stock farming, and cosmetic industry. However, up to date, quality issues of MFDPPP and analytical technologies of polysaccharide post challenges to chemists. Reported herein is a rapid and high-throughput quality control method for analyzing MFDPPP, based on the matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). For the analysis of illegal addition and doping, ferroferric oxide nanoparticles was screened out as MALDI matrix to avoid the small molecule interference. Qualitatively, high sensitivity was obtained for both illegal drugs and glucose. Quantitatively, the best linear response (R2 > 0.99) was attained at the concentration range from 0.005 to 1 mg·mL-1 for glucose as an example. For the analysis of polysaccharides, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid/N-methylaniline was employed as MALDI matrix to increase the detection sensitivity and mass range coverage. Furthermore, the established method was successfully applied to the analysis of supplements from Astragalus polysaccharides and Lentinan real samples, respectively, thus showing its potential in quality control for MFDPPP.
关键词： medicine and food dual purpose plants,MALDI-MS,illegal adulterations,quality control,polysaccharides
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Development of a coupled aerosol lidar data quality assurance and control scheme with Monte Carlo analysis and bilateral filtering
摘要： Mie-scatter lidar can capture the vertical distribution of aerosols, and a high degree of quantification of lidar data would be capable of coupling with a chemical transport model (CTM). Thus, we develop a data quality assurance and control scheme for aerosol lidar (TRANSFER) that mainly includes a Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis (MCA) and bilateral filtering (BF). The AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) aerosol optical depth (AOD) is utilized as the ground truth to evaluate the validity of TRANSFER, and the result exhibits a sharp 41% (0.36) decrease in root mean square error (RMSE), elucidating an acceptable overall performance of TRANSFER. The maximum removal of uncertainties appears in MCA with an RMSE of 0.08 km-1, followed by denoising (DN) with 50% of MCA in RMSE. BF can smooth interior data without destroying the edge of the structure. The most noteworthy correction occurs in summer with an RMSE of 0.15 km-1 and Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8, and the least correction occurs in winter with values of 0.07 km-1 and 0.93, respectively. Overestimations of raw data are mostly identified, and representative values occur with weak southerly winds, low visibility, high relative humidity (RH) and high concentrations of both ground fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone. Apart from long-term variations, the intuitional variation in a typical overestimated pollution episode, especially represented by vertical profiles, shows a favorable performance of TRANSFER during stages of transport and local accumulation, as verified by backward trajectories. Few underestimation cases are mainly attributed to BF smoothing data with a sudden decrease. The main limitation of TRANSFER is the zigzag profiles found in a few cases with very small extinction coefficients. As a supplement to the research community of aerosol lidar and an exploration under complicated pollution in China, TRANSFER can aid in the preprocessing of lidar data-powered applications.
关键词： Aerosol Lidar,Bilateral filtering,North China Plain,Monte Carlo,data quality control
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Non-destructive discrimination of avocado fruit ripeness using laser Doppler vibrometry
摘要： Consumers increasingly desire ready-to-eat avocado fruit, yet if supplies fall short of customer expectations, complaints follow, incurring considerable cost and waste. In the avocado sector, wastage due to destructive testing and inaccurate assessment of firmness is significant. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether non-destructive laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) was capable of assessing avocado ripeness. Data were sourced from two trials using preclimacteric imported 'Hass' avocado fruit originating from Chile and Spain, ripened at 12 and 18 °C, respectively. Standard force-deformation measurements, and either single or simultaneous dual vibration time signals were recorded during shelf-life, and assessed against respiration and non-structural carbohydrate content. Resonant frequencies measured from fruit by means of LDV decreased two- to four-fold during ripening and this corresponded with a concomitant decrease in firmness (253 N e2 N). The capability of the LDV system to non-destructively discriminate between ripeness stages was demonstrated.
关键词： Quality control,Persea americana,Mannoheptulose,Impulse response,Firmness
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57