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Preparation and immobilization of zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles on polyvinylidene fluoride pellets for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in wastewater
摘要： ZnS nanoparticles with 90 nm diameter were synthesized by low-temperature method and immobilized onto the surface of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) pellets prepared by phase inversion method. Results by FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the ZnS nanoparticles were immobilized tightly on the PVDF surface without their release and losing photocatalytic activity. The UV-absorption spectra showed that the PVDF matrix had no adverse effect on the optical properties of ZnS nanoparticles. Due to large size (5 mm) and excellent mechanical stability, the PVDF-ZnS pellets could be easily dispersed in the photocatalytic reactor treating methylene blue solution. The removal efficiency of the methylene blue with the PVDF-ZnS pellets was higher (more than 95%) than that observed by the control PVDF pellets or ZnS nanoparticles tested. No change in the removal efficiency was observed as the PVDF-ZnS pellets were reused by performing photocatalytic tests at the same experimental conditions repeatedly.
关键词： Reusability,Polymer carrier,Zinc sulfide,Immobilization,Phase inversion,Photocatalytic degradation
更新于2025-11-14 15:14:40
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A novel P-doped Fe2O3-TiO2 mixed oxide: Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity under visible radiation
摘要： In this work, a novel P-doped Fe2O3-TiO2 mixed oxide was successfully prepared by a microwave assisted sol-gel method. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by N2 physisorption, SEM, XRD, XPS, and FTIR, UV–vis DRS, and PL spectroscopies. The iron and phosphorus content in the catalyst samples were quanti?ed by AAS and ICP-OES, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of P-doped Fe2O3-TiO2 powders were evaluated in the photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethazine (SMTZ). The Box Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied for modeling the e?ect and optimizing of the operational parameters levels on the degradation percentage of SMTZ. The complete degradation and mineralization percentage of 30% of SMTZ solution at pH 9 was achieved within 300 min of reaction, with the optimum P doping amount of 1.2 wt % and 1.25 g/L of catalyst loading. The 1.2 wt % P-doped Fe2O3-TiO2 mixed oxide showed considerably higher photocatalytic activity than Fe2O3-TiO2 or TiO2. This enhanced performance could be attributed to the small crystallite size, narrow band gap, high speci?c surface area and increased number of surface hydroxyls on TiO2 nanoparticles. Additionally, the stability and reusability of this catalyst was demonstrated during three cycles of SMTZ degradation.
关键词： Enhanced surface area,Visible light activation,Box behnken design,Reusability,P-doped Fe2O3-TiO2 mixed oxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Contents: (Adv. Funct. Mater. 36/2018)
摘要： In article number 1800802, Hyunjoo J. Lee and co-workers present a calcium-modified silk fibroin film as a strong adhesive for next-generation epidermal electronics. The modified silk film exhibits viscoelastic properties and can mechanically interlock a sensor and the skin surface ~20 times stronger than commercial alternatives. Additional interesting characteristics, such as good biocompatibility, reusability, stretchability, and conductivity show promise for widespread application.
关键词： epidermal electronics,biocompatibility,conductivity,silk fibroin,reusability,stretchability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Rapidly detecting antibiotics with magnetic nanoparticle coated CdTe quantum dots
摘要： A reusable magnetic-quantum dot material (MNP–SiO2–QD) with good magnetic properties and high ?uorescence retention was successfully fabricated from linked magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots. The resulting material can qualitatively and quantitatively detect four kinds of antibiotics and maintain high recovery rates.
关键词： reusability,antibiotics detection,fluorescence,magnetic nanoparticles,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Fabrication of non-destructive and enhanced electrochemiluminescence interface for reusable detection of cell-released dopamine
摘要： Quantification of cell-released dopamine (DA) is essential to understand various biological processes. However, concentration of DA outside living cells may increase and decrease in a short time. Thus, approaches used to detect cell-released DA should meet higher demands. Herein, a simple and green method is employed to in situ growth of gold nanoparticles on the surface of WS2 nanosheets. The defects of prepared Au-WS2 nanocomposites may accelerate electron transfer and facilitate the absorption of dissolved oxygen. As a result, Au-WS2 nanocomposites-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is observed for the first time, and is further used to fabricate a non-destructive and label-free analytical interface. The ECL interface can selectively detect DA in a range of 5.0 nM–200 μM with a detection limit of 3.23 nM. Meanwhile, since the architecture on the ECL interface is not destroyed during the detection procedure, DA can be quantified continuously at least six times after one fabrication. In addition, the proposed ECL interface can accurately monitor the release of DA from PC12 cells manipulated by K+ and nifidipine, indicating great potential of this ECL sensor for surveying DA-related investigations.
关键词： Cell-released dopamine,ECL interface,Au-WS2 nanocomposites,Non-destruction,Reusability
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin by black Ti3+/N-TiO2 under visible LED light irradiation: Kinetic, energy consumption, degradation pathway, and toxicity assessment
摘要： In this work, the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) by black Ti3+/N-TiO2 under visible LED light irradiation (b-N-TiO2/LED) was studied for the first time. Characterization of the prepared photocatalyst was performed by XRD, UV–Vis DRS, FE-SEM, EDS, HRTEM, and BET techniques. The b-N-TiO2 nanoparticles with high surface area of near 100 m2 g?1 and narrow band gap of 2.0 eV, exhibited a remarkable photocatalytic performance on the degradation (100 %) and mineralization (82 %) of CIP under visible LED light irradiation. The maximum degradation was found at reaction time = 70 min, initial CIP concentration = 0.5 mg L?1, pH = 6.7, and catalyst dosage = 0.43 g L?1. Based on the results, both the hole (h+) and hydroxyl radical (?OH) played a major role than the superoxide radical (?O2?) in CIP degradation. Although common coexisting anions in water had a slight negative effect on CIP degradation; humic acid (HA), especially in higher amounts, showed a considerable inhibitory effect on degradation process. Besides, the intermediates of CIP degradation were ultimately transformed into simple compounds. Accordingly, toxicity assessments revealed that the treatment of CIP solution by b-N-TiO2/LED process remarkably resulted in diminished toxicity compared to the untreated controls. The energy utilized in this study was far less than that used in other studies. Moreover, we found that b-N-TiO2 had desirable stability and can be reused for more than five runs of experiments. Collectively, based on our findings, the b-N-TiO2/LED process is a promising, low cost and feasible candidate can be used for degradation and mineralization of antibiotics like CIP in real water samples.
关键词： Photocatalytic degradation,Mineralization,Visible LED,Black Ti3+/N-TiO2,Reusability,Ciprofloxacin
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Quantitative SERS assay on a single chip enabled by electrochemically assisted regeneration: a method for detection of melamine in milk
摘要： Reusability of sensors is relevant when aiming to decrease variation between measurements, cost and time of analysis. We present an electrochemically assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform with the capability to reverse the analyte-surface interaction, without damaging the SERS substrate, allowing for efficient sensor reuse. The platform was used in combination with a sample pre-treatment step, when detecting melamine from milk. We found that the electrochemically enhanced analyte-surface interaction results in significant improvement in detection sensitivity, with detection limits (0.01 ppm in PBS and 0.3 ppm in milk) below the maximum limit allowed in food samples. The reversibility of interaction enabled continuous measurement in aqueous solution and a complete quantitative assay on a single SERS substrate.
关键词： Reusability,Quantification,SERS,Reversibility,Melamine,Milk,Gold-capped (Au-capped) Si nanopillars,EC-SERS
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Spatter formation during laser beam melting of AlSi10Mg and effects on powder quality
摘要： Cost and resource efficiency of Laser Beam Melting (LBM) highly depend on powder recycling procedures. Non-solidified powder can be sieved and reused in subsequent build cycles. However, due to quality concerns, powder recycling is not commonly practiced. One effect, which can impair the powder quality, lies in the formation and insertion of spatter particles during the melting process. In this paper, spatter particles emerging during LBM of AlSi10Mg are characterized regarding geometric (size, morphology), chemical (alloy composition, oxygen content, oxide layer thickness) properties as well as mass. Spatter particles are collected during the process using two isolation methods. Three types of spatter particles can be differentiated by their formation mechanism. It is found that spatter particles can differ significantly in oxide layer thickness and particle size. A significant share of spatter particles can be segregated by sieving. However, a certain fraction of the spatter particles will be included in the recycled powder.
关键词： Laser beam melting,AlSi10Mg,Powder recycling,Powder quality,Powder bed fusion,Powder reuse,Additive manufacturing,Reusability,Oxidation,Spatter
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Surface regeneration and reusability of label-free DNA biosensors based on weak polyelectrolyte-modified capacitive field-effect structures
摘要： The reusability of capacitive field-effect electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) sensors modified with a cationic weak polyelectrolyte (poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)) for the label-free electrical detection of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), in-solution- and on-chip-hybridized double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) has been studied. It has been demonstrated that via simply regeneration of the gate surface of the EIS sensor by means of an electrostatic adsorption of a new PAH layer, the same biosensor can be reused for at least five DNA-detection measurements. Because of the reversal of the charge sign of the outermost layer after each surface modification with the cationic PAH or negatively charged DNA molecules, the EIS-biosensor signal exhibits a zigzag-like behavior. The amplitude of the signal changes has a tendency to decrease with increasing number of macromolecular layers. The direction of the EIS-signal shifts can serve as an indicator for a successful DNA-immobilization or -hybridization process. In addition, we observed that the EIS-signal changes induced by each surface-modification step (PAH adsorption, immobilization of ssDNA or dsDNA molecules and on-chip hybridization of complementary target cDNA) is decreased with increasing the ionic strength of the measurement solution, due to the more efficient macromolecular charge-screening by counter ions. The results of field-effect experiments were supported by fluorescence-intensity measurements of the PAH- or DNA-modified EIS surface using various fluorescence dyes.
关键词： charge screening,label-free,field-effect sensor,DNA biosensor,reusability,weak polyelectrolyte
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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A synergistic heterostructured ZnO/BaTiO3 loaded carbon photoanode in photocatalytic fuel cell for degradation of Reactive Red 120 and electricity generation
摘要： Photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) is considered as a sustainable green technology which could degrade organic pollutant and generate electricity simultaneously. A synergistic double-sided ZnO/BaTiO3 loaded carbon plate heterojunction photoanode was fabricated in different ratios by using simple ultrasonication and mixed-annealed method. The double-sided design of photoanode allowed the lights irradiated at both sides of the photoanode. The ferroelectricity fabricated photoanode was applied in a membraneless PFC with platinum-loaded carbon as the cathode. Results revealed that the photoanode with 1:1 ratio of BaTiO3 and ZnO exhibited a superior photocatalytic activity among all the photoanodes prepared in this study. The heterojunction of this photoanode was able to achieve up to a removal efficiency of 93.67 % with a maximum power density of 0.5284 μW cm-2 in 10 mg L-1 of Reactive Red 120 (RR120) without any supporting electrolyte. This photoanode was able to maintain at high performance after recycling 3 times. Over loading of ZnO above 50% on BaTiO3 could lead to deterioration of the performance of PFC due to the charge defects and light trapping ability. The interactions, interesting polarizations of the photocatalysts and proposed mechanism of the n-n type heterojunction in the photoanode of ZnO/BaTiO3 was also discussed.
关键词： Photocatalytic fuel cell,Degradation,Reusability,ZnO/BaTiO3 heterojunction,Electricity Generation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46