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Study on the stability of organic–inorganic perovskite solar cell materials based on first principle
摘要： In order to better understand and elucidate the structural stability of perovskite materials, the lattice parameters and tolerance factors of three crystal structures of perovskite materials are calculated based on the first principle of density functional theory. We find that the perovskite crystal structures are relatively stable and is consistent with the experimental facts as the tolerance factor 0.81 < T < 1.11. The elastic modulus of three crystal structures of MAPbI3, FAPbI3 and the elastic modulus of FA0.75Cs0.25Sn0.5PB0.5I3 are studied. By Voigt-Reuss-Hill approximation, the elastic properties such as bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio are obtained. From the elastic modulus Cij, we can find that the other six kinds of crystal structures are relatively stable except for the orthogonal structure of MAPbI3 (c). The ductility and brittle toughness of the material are also discussed by B/G and Poisson’s ratio. It is found that MAPbI3 (a) is the hardest and FAPBI3 (a) the weakest. Form the three-dimensional surface view of Young’s modulus it is found that their dependence in three-dimensional direction is spherical for an isotropic system. The degree of deviation of the Young’s modulus sphere reflects the anisotropy of crystal structures. The degree of elastic anisotropy of organic–inorganic perovskite materials follows the order FAPbI3(c) > MAPbI3(a) > FA0.75 Cs0.25 Sn0.5Pb0.5I3 > FAPbI3(a) > MAPbI3(b) > MAPbI3(c) > of FAPbI3(b). Furthermore, by the adsorption energies and density of states (DOS) of these seven crystals for water molecules, the reasons why perovskite materials are easily denatured in high humidity environment were explored. The results show that perovskite materials are easy to denaturate in high humidity environment.
关键词： solar cell,Perovskite,elastic moduli,stability
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Investigation on structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of Barium doped cuprous oxide thin films by nebulizer spray technique
摘要： In present work, pure and barium (Ba) doped cuprous oxide (Cu2O) films are coated on heated glass substrate by Nebulizer spray technique (NST) by taking different doping concentration (0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) of Ba. The XRD, AFM, optical, electrical resistivity and solar cell studies of pure and Ba doped samples were discussed. The XRD pattern confirms the polycrystalline cubic structure with a preferred (111) plane orientation. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals the spherical shape nano particles. The Raman analysis confirmed the cuprous oxide phase of prepared films. The Optical analysis was revealed the decreasing in band gap with increasing barium doping concentration. The photoluminescence studies confirmed the single emission peak obtained at 630 nm for all the films corresponds to Cu2O phase. The electrical resistivity is found to be 0.45 × 102 Ω cm for 7% Ba doped Cu2O thin film and the photovoltaic properties of the fabricated solar cell i.e. FTO/n-ZnO/p-7% Ba:Cu2O/Ag was formed for 7% Ba: Cu2O thin film. Further, the efficiency of the fabricated solar cell is found to be 0.85%.
关键词： solar cell,Barium doped,AFM studies,spray pyrolysis,electrical measurements
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Nara, Japan (2019.5.19-2019.5.23)] 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Superpower Transistor Consisting of Only LED and Silicon Solar Cell — Its Application to Electric Vehicle Drive Control
摘要： High-power IGBT, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, is currently used for the motor control of EV i.e. Electric Vehicle. In 2012, Professor Okamoto, the first author of this paper, invented a novel power transistor, named power distar, consisting of only LED and Si solar cell. The performance of the new transistor was comparable to Si power transistor. Further very recently, he developed a superpower distar with an output as large as 50kW for EV, and at the onset he has succeeded in the motor control of an electric cart for the elderly. We would like to introduce our original superpower distar transistor and its application to EV drive control in the late news of this conference.
关键词： Si solar cell,LED,distar,EV
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) - Taipei, Taiwan (2019.9.22-2019.9.25)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) - Weakly Supervised Segmentation of Cracks on Solar Cells Using Normalized L <sub/>p</sub> Norm
摘要： Photovoltaic is one of the most important renewable energy sources for dealing with world-wide steadily increasing energy consumption. This raises the demand for fast and scalable automatic quality management during production and operation. However, the detection and segmentation of cracks on electroluminescence (EL) images of mono- or polycrystalline solar modules is a challenging task. In this work, we propose a weakly supervised learning strategy that only uses image-level annotations to obtain a method that is capable of segmenting cracks on EL images of solar cells. We use a modified ResNet-50 to derive a segmentation from network activation maps. We use defect classification as a surrogate task to train the network. To this end, we apply normalized Lp normalization to aggregate the activation maps into single scores for classification. In addition, we provide a study how different parameterizations of the normalized Lp layer affect the segmentation performance. This approach shows promising results for the given task. However, we think that the method has the potential to solve other weakly supervised segmentation problems as well.
关键词： solar cell,weakly supervised semantic segmentation,EL imaging,crack detection,normalized Lp norm
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Efficiency Improvement of TiO <sub/>2</sub> Nanorods Electron Transport Layer Based Perovskite Solar Cells by Solvothermal Etching
摘要： The efficiency improvement of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by solvothermal etching and/or TiCl4 treatment of TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs) based electron transport layer (ETL) is reported in this article. The TiO2 NRAs are explore for the ETL because of their better direct carrier transportation over other TiO2 nanostructures. The solvothermal etching of TiO2 NRAs enhances the surface-to-volume ratio of the ETL, which, in turn, enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs. All the measurements are performed at room temperature and high humid (with ～65% humidity) conditions to demonstrate the performance of the PSCs under normal environmental conditions. A noteworthy efficiency of 15.16% with an improved fill factor and short circuit current density (JSC) is achieved in the proposed PSCs under this article. The performance of the PSC is shown to improve further by exploring TiCl4 treatment of the solvothermally etched TiO2 NRs as the ETL in the device.
关键词： solar cell,solvothermal etching,TiO2 nanorods,perovskite,Hydrothermal process
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Enhancing the optical, morphological and electronic properties of the solution-processed CsPbIBr2 films by Li doping for efficient carbon-based perovskite solar cells
摘要： CsPbIBr2 perovskite exhibits the most balanced bandgap and durability features among all the inorganic perovskites, showing great potential in the photoelectric field. Nevertheless, the poor film quality of the traditionally spin-coated CsPbIBr2 restricts the further improvement of the device performance. Here, we develop a novel lithium (Li) doping strategy to promote the optical, morphological and electronic properties of the solution-processed CsPbIBr2 perovskites. Upon incorporating Li+ ions into CsPbIBr2 lattice, highly crystallized and well-oriented CsPbIBr2 crystals are obtained. The as-prepared Li-doped CsPbIBr2 exhibits a higher film coverage over the substrate with larger grains and less grain boundaries compared to the none-doped counterparts. The trap-state densities in the CsPbIBr2 film are also effectively alleviated while the carrier lifetimes are elongated by Li doping, contributing to a lower energy loss and a higher charge collection efficiency. The optimized Li-doped perovskite solar cells (PSCs) demonstrate an excellent champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.25%, much higher than that of the none-doped devices (7.41%). Furthermore, the unencapsulated devices present a superior air and thermal stability under the protection of the hydrophobic CuPc layer and carbon electrode. Our work provides a new opportunity to fabricate cost-effective and highly efficient CsPbIBr2 PSCs in a facile way.
关键词： carbon-based,perovskite solar cell,Li doping,CsPbIBr2,highly efficient
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Fabrication and Analysis of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) by Using a Li-Treated TiO <sub/>2</sub> Photoelectrode
摘要： Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) contain an electrode featuring a dye-adsorbed nanoporous TiO2 layer on ?uorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, redox electrolytes, and a counter electrode. Generally, DSSCs utilize the dye-adsorbed TiO2 layer as the working electrode, a layer of Pt as the counter electrode, and contain an electrolyte with a redox couple (I?/I?3). However, a number of problems remain to be solved to improve the ef?ciency of DSSCs. We fabricated a hybrid Li-treated TiO2/TiO2 nanotube photoelectrode on a TiO2 passivating layer to improve the dye adsorption and charge transport and reduce the electron recombination.
关键词： TiO2 Nanotube,Anodic Oxidation,Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC),Li-Treatment
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Enhancing the Contact Area of Ti Wire as Photoanode Substrate of Flexible Fiber-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using the TiO2 Nanotube Growth and Removal Technique
摘要： The fiber-type dye-sensitized solar cell (FDSSC) with flexible and dim-light workable features is one of the promising energy generation devices for soft electronics. A novel TiO2 nanotube (TNT) growth and removal technique is proposed in this study to enhance the contact area of the Ti wire substrate using anodization and ultrasonication processes. Smaller and denser imprints of TNT on the surface of Ti wire are obtained when a smaller voltage was applied for anodization. The thickness of the TiO2 nanoparticle layer coated on the Ti wire is also optimized by varying the dip-coating layers. With the smallest diameter and densest distribution of TNT imprints on the Ti wire, the FDSSC with the TiO2/TNT-printed Ti wire photoanode, prepared using 30 V as the anodization voltage, shows the highest photon-to-electricity efficiency of 2.37% as a result of the rough surface of Ti wire substrate, which provides more contact, as well as the suitable thickness of the TiO2 nanoparticle layer, which promotes charge generation and transportation. The smallest charge-transfer resistance and the highest electron collection efficiency are also obtained in this case, as examined using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy/intensity modulated photovoltage spectroscopy. This facile TNT growth and removal technique is expected to be able to be applied to other fields for enhancing the contact area of the titanium substrate and promoting the generation of electrochemical reactions.
关键词： anodization,Ti wire,TiO2 nanotube,fiber-type dye-sensitized solar cell,intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy/intensity modulated photovoltage spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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The Role of Thickness Control and Interface Modification in Assembling Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved tremendous success within just a decade. This success is critically dependent upon compositional engineering, morphology control of perovskite layer, or contingent upon high-temperature annealed mesoporous TiO2, but quantitative analysis of the role of facile TiCl4 treatment and thickness control of the compact TiO2 layer has not been satisfactorily undertaken. Herein, we report the facile thickness control and post-treatment of the electron transport TiO2 layer to produce highly efficient planar PSCs. TiCl4 treatment of TiO2 layer could remove the surface trap and decrease the charge recombination in the prepared solar cells. Introduction of ethanol into the TiCl4 aqueous solution led to further improved open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density of the related devices, thus giving rise to enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE). After the optimal TiCl4 treatment, PCE of 16.42% was achieved for PSCs with TiCl4 aqueous solution-treated TiO2 and 19.24% for PSCs with TiCl4 aqueous/ethanol solution-treated TiO2, respectively. This work sheds light on the promising potential of simple planar PSCs without complicated compositional engineering and avoiding the deposition and optimization of the mesoporous scaffold layer.
关键词： titanium tetrachloride,titanium dioxide,surface treatment,perovskite solar cell
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Fluorine Substituted Benzotriazole Core Building Block Based Highly Efficient Hole Transporting Materials for Mesoporous Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Two novel donor-accepter-donor (D-A-D) structured hole transporting materials based on fluorine substituted benzotriazole (BTA) core building block (2FBTA-1, 2FBTA-2) are designed and synthesized through the molecular regulation. Applied these materials into perovskite solar cell (PSC), power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 7.55 % and 17.94% are obtained for 2FBTA-1 and 2FBTA-2, respectively. The better photovoltaic performance of 2FBTA-2 could be attributed to its more suitable energy level, more planar molecular configurations and higher hole mobility. Moreover, the devices with 2FBTA-2 as HTM show good stability under the air condition. The results qualify the BTA promising building block for future HTM design.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,photovoltaic,benzotriazole,hole transporting material
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04