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Pengolahan Film Radiografi Secara Otomatis Menggunakan Automatic X-Ray Film Processor Model Jp-33
摘要： A research on the process of forming an image on a radiographic film and processing techniques automatically has been done. The study was conducted using an X-ray plane Toshiba E 7239, Fil AGFA Healtcare HV Septestraat 27B2640 Mortsel and an automatic film processing "Automatic X-Ray Film Processor Model JP-33". The experimental results showed that the principle of automatic film processing is the same as the principle of film processing manually, except in automatic film processing there is no rinsing stage. Automatic film processing can save time and costs; also it can reduce the possibility of errors due to human factors.
关键词： X-ray,automatic processing,radiographic film,radiographic film processing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Uncertainty Analysis and Experimental Design in the Monte Carlo Ray-Trace Environment
摘要： Despite the dominant role of the Monte Carlo ray-trace (MCRT) method in modern radiation heat transfer analysis, the contemporary literature remains surprisingly reticent on the uncertainty of results obtained using it. After first identifying the radiation distribution factor as a population proportion, standard statistical procedures are used to estimate its mean uncertainty, to a stated level of confidence, as a function of the number of surface elements making up the enclosure and the number of rays traced per surface element. This a priori statistical uncertainty is then shown to compare favorably with the observed variability in the distribution factors obtained in an actual MCRT-based analysis. Finally, a formal approach is demonstrated for estimating, to a prescribed level of confidence, the uncertainty in predicted heat transfer. This approach provides a basis for determining the minimum number of rays per surface element required to obtain the desired accuracy.
关键词： Monte Carlo ray-trace,uncertainty analysis,experimental design,radiation heat transfer,distribution factor
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[ACM Press SIGGRAPH Asia 2018 Technical Briefs - Tokyo, Japan (2018.12.04-2018.12.07)] SIGGRAPH Asia 2018 Technical Briefs on - SA '18 - Fast raycasting using a compound deep image for VPL range determination
摘要： The concept of using multiple deep images has been explored, under a variety of different names, as a possible acceleration approach for finding ray-geometry intersections. We leverage recent advances in deep image processing from Order Independent Transparency (OIT) for fast building of a Compound Deep Image (CDI) using a coherent memory format well suited for raycasting. We explore the use of a CDI and raycasting for the problem of determining distance between Virtual Point Lights (VPLs) and geometry for indirect lighting, with the raycasting step being a small fraction of total frametime.
关键词： deep image,indirect lighting,ray casting
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Electromagnetic Wave Blocking Effect of Ophthalmological Hydrophilic Lenses Material Containing Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles
摘要： PEGMEMA was applied as an additive in the primary polymerization, which resulted in the higher water content and wettability of ophthalmological hydrophilic lenses. ITO (indium tin oxide) is highly electroconductive, and it is possible to use thin ITO to create a transparent protective film in various field. The use of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone as an additive in the secondary polymerization provided the hydrogel lenses with the feature of blocking ultraviolet rays. Also, ITO nanoparticles were added to the lenses materials during the tertiary polymerization to shield the wearers from the electromagnetic wave. When PEGMEMA, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, and ITO nanoparticles is used as additives, it is possible to manufacture high-functional ophthalmological hydrophilic lenses with the features of high water content, high wettability, and ultraviolet ray and electromagnetic wave blocking effect.
关键词： Electromagnetic Wave Blocking,Wettability,Ultraviolet Ray Blocking,ITO Nanoparticles,PEGMEMA,2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Development of Titanium Dioxide (TiO <sub/>2</sub> )-Embedded Buoyant Photocatalyst Balls Using Expanded Polystyrene
摘要： A new immobilization technique of nanoscale TiO2 powders to expanded polystryrene (EPS) balls with temperature-controlled melting method was developed for mass production, and the characterization of TiO2 powder-embedded EPS (TiEPS) balls was evaluated. Based on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and associated energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, the components of intact EPS balls are carbon and oxygen whereas those of TiEPS balls are carbon, oxygen, and titanium, indicating that TiO2 powders were embedded on the surface of EPS balls. As also evident by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR analyses, no significant changes in crystalline structure of TiO2 powders embedded on the EPS balls were found during the preparation and application processes of TiEPS balls. These characterization results indicated that the patches of TiO2 powders were soundly impregnated over the surface of EPS balls without the significant changes in crystalline structure of TiO2 powders and both structural changes and deformation of EPS polymer.
关键词： FTIR,TiO2-Embedded EPS Balls,Photocatalyst,Methylene Blue (MB),Expanded Polystyrene (EPS),X-ray Spectroscopy,TiO2
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Synthesis and Properties of Novel Thiophene-Based Liquid Crystalline Conducting Polymers
摘要： Side-chain liquid crystalline polythiophenes were synthesised and the effects of the mesogenic units on the structure and electronic properties of the polymers were studied. The liquid crystal properties of the polymer films were studied using polarised hot-stage optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffractometry was used to investigate the effect of a magnetic field on the monomers and polymers.
关键词： Polythiophene,Conducting polymers,Liquid crystals,X-ray diffraction,Magnetic field
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings || Structure solution of the complex λ-La6W2O15
摘要： The structure solution of the complex β-Ga2O3 (β-Ga2O3) phase has been studied by a number of groups [1-3], but little detailed information has been reported due to the lack of good single crystals. The β-Ga2O3 phase has a monoclinic structure with space group C2/m and lattice parameters a = 12.23 ?, b = 3.04 ?, c = 5.80 ?, β = 103.7°. Recently, the structures of La2Ga2O7, La1.8Sr0.2Ga2O6.9 and La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.9Mg0.1O2.9 have been solved using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) [4-7]. The β-Ga2O3 phase has been studied by a number of groups [8-11], but little detailed information has been reported due to the lack of good single crystals. The β-Ga2O3 phase has a monoclinic structure with space group C2/m and lattice parameters a = 12.23 ?, b = 3.04 ?, c = 5.80 ?, β = 103.7°. Recently, the structures of La2Ga2O7, La1.8Sr0.2Ga2O6.9 and La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.9Mg0.1O2.9 have been solved using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) [4-7].
关键词： structure solution,β-Ga2O3,X-ray powder diffraction,monoclinic,lattice parameters
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Biodegradability of Disulfide-Organosilica Nanoparticles Evaluated by Soft X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Cancer Therapy Implications
摘要： Two kinds of organosilica nanoparticles (NPs) that were fabricated from thiol-containing precursors, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane and (3-mercaptopropyl)methyldimethoxysilane (MPDMS), are potential delivery vehicles of anticancer drugs. MPMS can form three siloxane bonds, but MPDMS forms two siloxane bonds as the maximum limit. Hence, disulfide bonds can be involved in the three-dimensional morphology of MPDMS NPs. In addition, NPs containing disulfide bonds are potentially degraded by a reduced form of glutathione (GSH). To examine reactions between the organosilica NPs and GSH, the NPs were incubated in 10 mM GSH aqueous solution at 37 °C for 7 d and the products were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Raman spectra showed the presence of disulfide bonds in the MPDMS NPs and the absence of disulfide bonds in MPMS NPs. The results of XPS measurements suggested that the disulfide bonds in the outer layer of MPDMS NPs were reduced to thiol groups. FE-SEM observations of MPDMS NPs detected changes in NP morphology after the GSH incubation. These results support the idea that MPDMS NPs contain disulfide bonds and are degradable by GSH. Therefore, MPDMS NPs possess a biodegradable feature that is advantageous for clinical translation, that is, nanomedicine.
关键词： (3-mercaptopropyl)methyldimethoxysilane,nanoparticles,(3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane,biodegradability,glutathione,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Adsorption Dynamics of Redox Active Species onto Polarized Surfaces of Sensitized NiO
摘要： Mesoporous NiO films were deposited by means of a screen printing technique onto fluorine-doped tin oxide transparent electrodes and consequently sensitized with Erythrosin B (EryB) dye. The obtained colored NiO material was used as a working electrode in a three-electrode cell to study the evolution of the triple semiconductor/dye/electrolyte interface upon electrochemical polarization in dark conditions. The electrolyte was a solution of I3?/I? in acetonitrile, with the redox couple representing the typical redox shuttle of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The adopted electrochemical conditions were devised in order to simulate the actual electrical environment of the NiO/dye photocathode in a light-soaked DSC. The use of a benchmark sensitizer EryB and of the most widely used redox mediator I3?/I? is particularly meaningful for the study of the adsorption dynamics and the determination of possible degradative phenomena on the basis of the behavior of numerous analogue systems. Therefore, for the first time, the evolution of the NiO/EryB/I3?/I? multiple interface was investigated combining the electrochemical characterization with ex situ spectroscopic analysis by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The resulting picture shows that EryB in the immobilized state promotes the redox processes based on the I3?/I? couple. Moreover, the EryB sensitizer inhibits the phenomena of recombination between the metal oxide semiconductor and the redox couple.
关键词： X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Sensitized NiO,Dye-sensitized solar cells,Redox active species,Adsorption dynamics,Polarized surfaces
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Material Decomposition in X-ray Spectral CT Using Multiple Constraints in Image Domain
摘要： X-ray spectral CT appears as a new promising imaging modality for the quantitative measurement of materials in an object, compared to conventional energy-integrating CT or dual energy CT. We consider material decomposition in spectral CT as an overcomplete ill-conditioned inverse problem. To solve the problem, we make full use of multi-dimensional nature and high correlation of multi-energy data and spatially neighboring pixels in spectral CT. Meanwhile, we also exploit the fact that material mass density has limited value. The material decomposition is then achieved by using bounded mass density, local joint sparsity and structural low-rank (DSR) in image domain. The results on numerical phantom demonstrate that the proposed DSR method leads to more accurate decomposition than usual pseudo-inverse method with singular value decomposition (SVD) and current popular sparse regularization method with (cid:2)1-norm constraint.
关键词： Sparse representation,X-ray spectral CT,Material decomposition,Low-rank representation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29