- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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Plant Factory || LED advancements for plant-factory artificial lighting
摘要： Growing food crops without stressful environmental factors (e.g., drought, ?ooding, extreme heat or cold, growth-limiting light) typically enables shorter production cycles and higher yields per cycle, leading to an order of magnitude higher annual crop-productivity rate on an area-footprint basis for protected cultivation compared to open-?eld agriculture (Mitchell, 2004), and two orders of magnitude more productive for multitiered indoor crop production (Kozai et al., 2015). Variously termed worldwide as “indoor agriculture,” “urban farming,” “vertical farming,” or “plant factories” (PFs), such controlled-environment agriculture (CEA) enterprises have great potential to provide fresh, healthy produce year-round without long-distance transport, especially in view of urbanization and climate change caused by unchecked fossil-fuel use. All platforms of CEA, including greenhouse as well as warehouse-based food production, will play increasingly important roles in feeding a rapidly growing world population as we progress through the 21st century. In fact, it is anticipated that agricultural productivity will have to expand as much as 70% above current production levels over the next 30 years to keep pace with projected increases in food demand worldwide (Agrilyst, 2017). Although the productivity potential of CEA is clear, the heavy up-front capital investments for technology and high operational energy costs to grow crops productively indoors causes the indoor agriculture industry to struggle with near-term pro?tability and carbon-footprint issues. For this reason, quick-turning leafy greens and culinary herbs with low light requirements are the present crop types of choice for PF crop production in warehouses and converted shipping containers.
关键词： energy efficiency,plant factory,artificial lighting,controlled-environment agriculture,LED
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Design of highly efficient phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes with color rendering indices (R1 ? R15) ≥ 95 for artificial lighting
摘要： Phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (pc-WLEDs) are excellent energy-efficient light sources for artificial lighting applications. One goal of artificial lighting is to make objects/images look natural – as they look under the sunlight. The ability of a light source to accurately render the natural color of an object is gauged by the parameter – color rendering index (CRI). A conventional pc-WLED has an average CRI ~ 80, which is very low for accurate color reproduction. To utilize the pc-WLEDs for artificial lighting applications, all the CRI points (R1 – R15) should be above 95. However, there is a trade-off between CRI and luminous efficacy (LER), and it is challenging to increase both CRI and LER. Herein we propose a novel LED package (PKG) design to achieve CRI points ≥95 and efficiency ~100 lm/W by introducing two blue LEDs and a UV LED in combination with green and red phosphors. The silicone encapsulant, the current through the LEDs, and the green/red phosphor ratio were optimized for achieving high CRI and LER. Our re-designed LED PKG will find applications in stadium lighting as well as for ultra-high-definition television production where high CRI points are required for the artificial light source.
关键词： artificial lighting,phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes,color rendering index,luminous efficacy,LED package design
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Smart Plant Factory (The Next Generation Indoor Vertical Farms) || Current Status of Plant Factories with Artificial Lighting (PFALs) and Smart PFALs
摘要： The necessity of plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) is discussed in relation to the food, resource, and environment trilemma. The definition and main components of the PFAL are described. The number of PFALs in the world, the production cost and wholesale price of the produce, and the plants suited to PFALs are briefly introduced. The main objectives of this book are described, and the image and expected ultimate functions of the smart PFAL are discussed.
关键词： Smart PFAL,PFAL (plant factory with artificial lighting),Global technology,Trilemma,Local technology
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36