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Invited Article: Tuning and stabilization of optomechanical crystal cavities through NEMS integration
摘要： Nanobeam optomechanical crystals, in which localized GHz frequency mechanical modes are coupled to wavelength-scale optical modes, are being employed in a variety of experiments across different material platforms. Here, we demonstrate the electrostatic tuning and stabilization of such devices, by integrating a Si3N4 slot-mode optomechanical crystal cavity with a nanoelectromechanical systems element, which controls the displacement of an additional 'tuning' beam within the optical near-field of the optomechanical cavity. Under DC operation, tuning of the optical cavity wavelength across several optical linewidths with little degradation of the optical quality factor (Q ≈ 105) is observed. The AC response of the tuning mechanism is measured, revealing actuator resonance frequencies in the 10 MHz–20 MHz range, consistent with the predictions from simulations. Feedback control of the optical mode resonance frequency is demonstrated, and alternative actuator geometries are presented.
关键词： optomechanics,tuning,NEMS,cavity optomechanics,stabilization
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Mimicking a hybrid-optomechanical system using an intrinsic quadratic coupling in conventional optomechanical system
摘要： We consider an optical and mechanical mode interacting through both linear and quadratic dispersive couplings in a general cavity-optomechanical set-up. The parity and strength of an intrinsic quadratic optomechanical coupling (QOC) provides an opportunity to control the optomechanical (OM) interaction. We quantify this interaction by studying normal-mode splitting (NMS) as a function of the QOC's strength. The proposed scheme exhibits NMS features equivalent to a hybrid-OM system containing either an optical parametric amplifier or a Kerr medium. Such a system in reality could offer an alternative platform for devising state-of-art quantum devices with requiring no extra degrees-of-freedom as in hybrid-OM systems.
关键词： Cavity-optomechanics,quadratic optomechanical coupling,normal-mode splitting,resolved side-band regime
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Atomic swap gate, driven by position fluctuations, in dispersive cavity optomechanics
摘要： Tracing the dynamics of a quantum system using a mesoscopic device is an important topic of interest nowadays. Here we show how a mesoscopic mechanical oscillator can be used to steer the dynamics of a coupled two-atom system and thereby to implement a two-qubit universal gate. We have theoretically studied a generic hybrid atom-optomechanical system where two identical atoms in Λ configuration are trapped inside the cavity and the cavity mode mediates the interaction between the atoms and the mechanical oscillator. Adiabatic elimination of the lossy channels, namely, cavity decay and spontaneous emission, is adopted to obtain an effective Hamiltonian. This Hamiltonian is responsible for two-atom swap and √SWAP gates, controlled by the position fluctuation of the oscillator. The validity of the proposal for successful implementation is assessed using presently available experimental parameters.
关键词： quantum gate,trapped atoms,quantum fluctuations,Cavity optomechanics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Modelling of Cavity Optomechanical Magnetometers
摘要： Cavity optomechanical magnetic ?eld sensors, constructed by coupling a magnetostrictive material to a micro-toroidal optical cavity, act as ultra-sensitive room temperature magnetometers with tens of micrometre size and broad bandwidth, combined with a simple operating scheme. Here, we develop a general recipe for predicting the ?eld sensitivity of these devices. Several geometries are analysed, with a highest predicted sensitivity of 180 pT/√Hz at 28 μm resolution limited by thermal noise in good agreement with previous experimental observations. Furthermore, by adjusting the composition of the magnetostrictive material and its annealing process, a sensitivity as good as 20 pT/√Hz may be possible at the same resolution. This method paves a way for future design of magnetostrictive material based optomechanical magnetometers, possibly allowing both scalar and vectorial magnetometers.
关键词： magnetometer,quantum sensing,cavity-optomechanics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Exceptional points enhance second-order sideband generation in a whispering-gallery-mode microresonator optomechanical system coupled with nanoparticles
摘要： We theoretically investigate the second-order sideband generation (SSG) in a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonator optomechanical system, in which the WGM microresonator couples with two nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can induce the optical coupling of the clockwise- (CW) and the counterclockwise- (CCW) WGM fields. And by continuously adjusting the relative phase angle between two nanoparticles, two eigenmodes of the optomechanical system coalesce and the so-called exceptional points (EPs) emerge periodically. It is shown that in the WGM microresonator optomechanical system coupled with nanoparticles the second-order sideband can be generated due to the nonlinear optomechanical interactions, modulated periodically by the relative phase angle between two nanoparticles, and enhanced significantly at the EPs. Particularly, considering the frequency shift caused by the nanoparticles at the EPs, the generation and absorption of the second-order sideband can be flexibly realized. These results may have potential applications for high precision measurements and manipulation of light propagation in optical cavities.
关键词： second-order sideband,exceptional points,cavity optomechanics
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - On Chip Sub-Wavelength Grating Fabry-Perot Cavity, toward Integrated Cavity Optomechanics Applications
摘要： Sub-Wavelength Grating (SWG) periodic media are comprised of alternative dielectric layers with a pitch Λ small enough in comparison to the wavelength to supress any diffraction or interference effect. As a good first approximation, SWG media can be considered as uniform and lossless ones, with an averaging effect over the dielectric permittivity [1]. The use of SWG media as core and/or cladding materials of optical waveguides was first proposed and demonstrated in 2010 [2] as a way to realize easy engineering of the refractive guided index of light with simple lithographic patterning. Since then, SWG waveguides have found various applications such as waveguide crossing, multimode interferometers, optical filters, mid-infrared waveguides, or even optical biosensing [3]. We propose to include SWG waveguides within a suspended Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity (see Fig. 1a). The core of the cavity is formed by alternative Silicon and Air SWG layers, while the input and output mirrors are two Direct Bragg Reflectors (DBR). The whole structure is fully suspended through the use of two support arms. We present the theoretical modelization, technological realization and optical characterisations of such a cavity. The design was conducted through both an analytical model that treats SWG media with equivalent refractive indexes, and two dimensional effective index Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations. Actual devices were realized on 200 mm silicon on insulator (SOI) wafers in our clean room facilities with e-beam patterning of the waveguide level, and characterized via full-scale wafer optical spectrum measurement between 1520 nm and 1580 nm. At time of writing, we measured optical quality factors of 10 000 over 2 μm long cavities. We believe this kind of suspended structure can be used in the field of Cavity Optomechanics, where an optical cavity is coupled to a mechanical resonator [4]. Indeed, because it is fully suspended, we await mechanical resonance to occur, the cavity behaving similarly to a doubly clamped holey cantilever (see Fig. 1c). Apart from the traditional optical phase shift occurring with propagation length variations of the cavity, there should also be a phase shift arising from the SWG nature of the waveguide, whose equivalent refractive index depends on the pitch Λ (and thus length) of the cavity. Due to this additional effect, we expect a strong optomechanical coupling rate.
关键词： Sub-Wavelength Grating,silicon on insulator,optical waveguides,Fabry-Perot cavity,cavity optomechanics
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Precision Measurement of Magnetic Field Based on Second-Order Sideband Generation in a Hybrid Electromagnetic-Optomechanical System
摘要： Realizing the precise measurement of the magnetic field is of great significance in many fields, including optics, metrology, bioscience, and engineering technology. With the development of nanophotonics, optomechanical systems have provided an on-chip platform to explore new availability for high-sensitivity measurement due to its extreme sensitivity on weak force [Ref. Nat. Nanotechnol. 7, 509 (2012)]. In this paper, a theoretical scheme for precision measurement of magnetic field based on a nonlinear optomechanical effect: second-order sideband generation in a hybrid electromagnetic-optomechanical system is proposed. We find that the system exhibits a kenspeckle magnetic-field-dependent generation of the frequency component at the second-order sideband, which is more sensitive than the previous paper based on optomechanically induced transparency. Numerical calculations show that the measurement accuracy of the magnetic field in our scheme may reach the order of nT or even smaller, so our findings will provide a more accurate solution for the precise measurement of magnetic fields.
关键词： second-order sideband generation,Precise measurement,cavity optomechanics,magnetic field
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Two-timescale stochastic Langevin propagation for classical and quantum optomechanics
摘要： Interesting experimental signatures of quantum cavity optomechanics arise because the quantum back-action induces correlations between incident quantum shot noise and the cavity field. While the quantum linear theory of optomechanics (QLT) has provided vital understanding across many experimental platforms, in certain new setups it may be insufficient: analysis in the time domain may be needed, but QLT obtains only spectra in frequency space; and nonlinear behavior may be present. Direct solution of the stochastic equations of motion in time is an alternative, but unfortunately standard methods do not preserve the important optomechanical correlations. We introduce two-timescale stochastic Langevin (T2SL) propagation as an efficient and straightforward method to obtain time traces with the correct correlations. We show that T2SL, in contrast to standard stochastic simulations, can efficiently simulate correlation phenomena such as ponderomotive squeezing and reproduces accurately cavity sideband structures on the scale of the applied quantum noise and even complex features entirely submerged below the quantum shot noise imprecision floor. We investigate nonlinear regimes and find that, where comparison is possible, the method agrees with analytical results obtained with master equations at low temperatures and in perturbative regimes.
关键词： quantum back-action,nonlinear regimes,ponderomotive squeezing,quantum cavity optomechanics,stochastic Langevin propagation
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14