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Study on heterogeneous photocatalytic ozonation degradation of ciprofloxacin by TiO2/carbon dots: Kinetic, mechanism and pathway investigation
摘要： In this study, the objective was mainly focusing on the mechanism investigation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation by photocatalytic ozonation process which carried out by ozone and TiO2 with a low content of carbon-dots (CDs) under simulated sunlight irradiation. The physicochemical properties of the prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and zeta potential. Comprehensive investigation has proven the process to be efficient in the removal of CIP with high yield of reactive species (?OH, O2 ?—, h+, etc.). Kinetic model on pH investigation found out a repulsive force between the photocatalysts and CIP intensified with the increasing pH, so did the production rate of hydroxyl radicals (?OH), while eventually reached a balance and achieved a maximum degradation rate. The results indicated that the enhancement mechanism was triggered by the photoexcited electron accumulated on CDs and transferred by ozone, resulting in the continuous generation of h+, O3 ? — and O2 ? —. Possible photocatalytic ozonation degradation pathways of CIP were proposed according to the identifications of intermediates using high-resolution accurate-mass spectrometry (HRAM) LC-MS/MS.
关键词： ciprofloxacin,reactive species,carbon-dots,photocatalytic ozonation,transformation pathway
更新于2025-11-14 15:15:56
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Reduced graphene oxide supported MnO2 nanorods as recyclable and efficient adsorptive photocatalysts for pollutants removal
摘要： The emerging concept of two dimensional (2D) hybrid materials with large surface area and good interfacial contacts is highly desirable for diverse catalytic applications. Herein, we have designed and developed novel 1D-2D nanocomposite by loading manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanorods over reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets by facile hydrothermal synthesis method to exploit the large surface area, close contact of 1D-2D components with abundant reaction sites. The as prepared MnO2-RGO nanocomposite has been characterized in detail using state-of-art techniques and has been successfully utilized efficient adsorptive photocatalysts for the removal of a colored dye (neutral red) and a colorless pollutant (ciprofloxacin) from water. In addition, the stability and recyclability of this catalyst has also been demonstrated. This work is expected to pave way for the development of many new 1D-2D binary nanocomposite catalysts for environmental remediation applications.
关键词： Reduced graphene oxide,MnO2 nanorods,Photocatalysis,Pollutants removal,Ciprofloxacin,Neutral red
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Degradation of Ciprofloxacin and Inactivation of Ciprofloxacin Resistant E. Faecium during UV-LED (275 nm)/Chlorine Process
摘要： Ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria are emerging concerns that threaten public health due to the heavy use of antibiotics and the development of bacterial resistance in water environments. In this study, we examined an energy-efficient treatment driven by a UV-LED/chlorine reaction with UV-LED chip emitting UV275 nm to remove ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria in water. Ciprofloxacin degradation during the UV-LED/chlorine reaction followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the excessive chlorine dosage has a negative effect on ciprofloxacin removal. Alkaline pH showed the best efficiency for ciprofloxacin removal, and the reactive chlorine species (RCS) played a major role at alkaline pH values. The cleavages of piperazine, cyclopropyl, and quinolone moieties are considered as the principal degradation reactions in the UV-LED/chlorine reaction. Seven byproducts (m/z = 362.9262, 306.1246, 289.0995, 288.1504, 263.0825, 147.0657, and 1183.9977), two chlorinated compounds (chloroform and chlorate) and two anions (formate and nitrate ions) were observed as the identified byproducts. Toxicity of tentatively identified byproducts were estimated by using quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR). The complete detoxification of D. magna was achieved when applying UV-LED/chlorine process into hospital wastewater containing CIP. The UV-LED/chlorine process showed the best disinfection ability of E. faecium compared to UV-LED photolysis, chlorination, and UV-LED/H2O2 reactions. A significantly lower EE/O value (6.63 × 10-2 kWh/m3/order) during the UV-LED/chlorine reaction was also observed. Our results indicate that the UV-LED/chlorine process can effectively degrade ciprofloxacin and inactivate ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria.
关键词： toxicity,UV-LED,ciprofloxacin,byproducts,antibiotic-resistant bacteria,Chlorine
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A comprehensive study on the enhanced photocatlytic activity of a double-shell mesoporous plasmonic Cu@Cu2O/SiO2 as a visible-light driven nanophotocatalyst
摘要： A novel sunlight-activated double-shell Cu@Cu2O/SiO2 (m-pCu@Cu2O/SiO2) photocatalyst is presented via a combined precipitation and sol-gel methods with a mesoporous silica outer shell. After applying several characterization techniques on the m-pCu@Cu2O/SiO2, it was tested in the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). The experimental results demonstrated a higher photocatalytic activity of the double-shell m-pCu@Cu2O/SiO2 nanophotocatalyst than the core-shell pCu@Cu2O nanophotocatalyst under the sunlight irradiation. When the content of pCu@Cu2O was 30 wt.%, it showed the highest activity. The Cu nanoparticles exhibited the surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) effect which increased the light absorption in the visible region of light. It also caused the rapid separation of the photoexcited e?/h+ pairs. Furthermore, the mesoporous structure of outer shell silica favors the transfer of reactants, resulting in the improved photoactivity performance for the supported pCu@Cu2O catalyst. Central composite design (CCD) based on RSM (response surface methodology) approach was used to optimize four of the most important experimental variables. The photodegraded intermediates were identified by HPLC-Mass.
关键词： Plasmonic,Response surface methodology,Ciprofloxacin,Mesoporous,Double-shell,Nanophotocatalyst
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Synthesis of cocoon-like Ag3PO4 and its high-performance in photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin
摘要： Cocoon-like Ag3PO4 (C-Ag3PO4) with hollow structure was synthesized via ion-exchange route using Ag2MoO4 and Na2HPO4 as precursors. Photocatalytic degradation experiments of the C-Ag3PO4 toward ciprofloxacin (CIP) were investigated under visible light irradiation. The C-Ag3PO4 showed superior photodegradation of CIP owing to its larger surface area and hollow structure. Besides, the C-Ag3PO4 exhibited improved photocatalytic performance and good stability after repeating cycles, which could be attributed to the formed metal silver under visible light irradiation. Moreover, radical trap experiment was carried out, which indicated that the photo-induced holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (?O2?) acted as the main reactive species in the photodegradation process.
关键词： Ciprofloxacin,Hollow structure,Semiconductors,Ag3PO4,Photocatalysis
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin by black Ti3+/N-TiO2 under visible LED light irradiation: Kinetic, energy consumption, degradation pathway, and toxicity assessment
摘要： In this work, the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) by black Ti3+/N-TiO2 under visible LED light irradiation (b-N-TiO2/LED) was studied for the first time. Characterization of the prepared photocatalyst was performed by XRD, UV–Vis DRS, FE-SEM, EDS, HRTEM, and BET techniques. The b-N-TiO2 nanoparticles with high surface area of near 100 m2 g?1 and narrow band gap of 2.0 eV, exhibited a remarkable photocatalytic performance on the degradation (100 %) and mineralization (82 %) of CIP under visible LED light irradiation. The maximum degradation was found at reaction time = 70 min, initial CIP concentration = 0.5 mg L?1, pH = 6.7, and catalyst dosage = 0.43 g L?1. Based on the results, both the hole (h+) and hydroxyl radical (?OH) played a major role than the superoxide radical (?O2?) in CIP degradation. Although common coexisting anions in water had a slight negative effect on CIP degradation; humic acid (HA), especially in higher amounts, showed a considerable inhibitory effect on degradation process. Besides, the intermediates of CIP degradation were ultimately transformed into simple compounds. Accordingly, toxicity assessments revealed that the treatment of CIP solution by b-N-TiO2/LED process remarkably resulted in diminished toxicity compared to the untreated controls. The energy utilized in this study was far less than that used in other studies. Moreover, we found that b-N-TiO2 had desirable stability and can be reused for more than five runs of experiments. Collectively, based on our findings, the b-N-TiO2/LED process is a promising, low cost and feasible candidate can be used for degradation and mineralization of antibiotics like CIP in real water samples.
关键词： Photocatalytic degradation,Mineralization,Visible LED,Black Ti3+/N-TiO2,Reusability,Ciprofloxacin
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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CdSe quantum dots-sensitized FRET system for ciprofloxacin detection
摘要： The prepared CdSe quantum dots (QDs) were applied to selectively and sensitively assay ciprofloxacin as a fluorescence sensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. The efficiency of FRET between CdSe QDs and ciprofloxacin can be modulated by the degree of spectral overlap between the excitation peak of CdSe QDs and the emission peak of ciprofloxacin. Within the range of 0 to 120 μmol·L?1, the good linearity was obtained (R = 0.99561) and the detection limit reached to 0.6 μmol·L?1. This method is simple and rapid and can be used in environmental water and milk samples.
关键词： Fluorescent sensor,Semiconductors,Luminescence,Ciprofloxacin,CdSe quantum dots,FRET
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Study on the preparation of water-soluble AgInS2 quantum dots and their application in the detection of ciprofloxacin
摘要： Water-soluble AgInS2 quantum dots (AIS QDs) were prepared by hot-injection method with thioglycolic acid (TGA) as the stabilizer. The fluorescence of as-prepared AIS QDs could be quenched effectively by ciprofloxacin. Herein, a method for the content determination of ciprofloxacin based on the fluorescence quenching effect was explored. The experimental results showed that the particle size of AIS QDs prepared at pH = 4 was about 3–8 nm, and the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength was centered at 626 nm at λex = 500 nm. The measured concentration range of ciprofloxacin could be adjusted by varying the amount of AIS QDs solution. When 0.40 mL AIS QDs solution was used for the content determination of ciprofloxacin, a good linearity relationship was achieved between the quenched efficiency of AIS QDs fluorescence and the concentration of ciprofloxacin in the range of 1.0–19.5 μg/mL, the correlation coefficient was 0.996, the detection limit of ciprofloxacin was 0.12 μg/mL, and the blank spike recoveries were in the range of 96.7–103.3%. The method is of wide detection range, excellent selectivity, high sensitivity and easy operability, could be applied for the content determination of ciprofloxacin in drugs.
关键词： AgInS2 quantum dots,Ciprofloxacin,Fluorescence quenching,Content determination
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Double-shelled ZnSnO3 hollow cubes for efficient photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic wastewater
摘要： The production and usage of antibiotics have been increasing rapidly with the improving quality of life and the rapid development of aquaculture, thus inducing the introduction of these antibiotics residues into the environment, increasing water pollution levels. Due to bioaccumulation, bacteriostatic activity, many of these threaten aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Here we prepared double-shelled ZnSnO3 hollow cubes for efficient photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic wastewater. The ZnSnO3, synthesized via co-precipitation, shows superior performance and stability compared to that prepared by hydrothermal and template-assisted methods. The prepared ZnSnO3 effectively photocatalyzed the degradation of not only ciprofloxacin and sulfamonomethoxine pharmaceutical wastewater, but also methylene blue, rhodamine B and methyl orange dye wastewater. The hollow structure facilitates the adsorption of dye molecules and provides a better platform for direct interaction between dye molecules and photocatalysts. Moreover, the antibacterial activity test for photocatalytic degradation effluent indicated that the biotoxicity of CIP toward Escherichia coli DH5a was eliminated after the ZnSnO3 photocatalysis under simulated irradiation. This study not only demonstrates an efficient photocatalyst, but also further indicates the effectiveness of photocatalytic technology in the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.
关键词： double-shelled ZnSnO3,wastewater,ciprofloxacin,antibacterial activity,photocatalytic
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Determination of Ciprofloxacin in Fish by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Using a Liquid-Liquid Self-Assembled Gold Nanofilm
摘要： Trace detection of antibiotic ciprofloxacin by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) remains a challenge, because this compound is water-insoluble and amphoteric and it has no functional groups to combine with gold nanoparticles. Herein, ciprofloxacin was physically adsorbed on a self-assembly gold nanofilm for realizing quantitative SERS detection of ciprofloxacin in fish. A gold nanofilm containing ciprofloxacin spontaneously formed at the interface of gold colloids/n-hexane by vortex mixing in a few seconds without ethanol or other organic additives. The density of the gold nanoparticles on the interface which influences the SERS effect was controlled by varying the vortex mixing time and the volume of n-hexane. Furthermore, the proposed substrates with an enhancement factor of 2.7 (cid:1) 106 were successfully applied for the determination of ciprofloxacin in fish samples with a linear range from 0.5 to 10.0 lg/mL and a detection limit of 0.19 lg/mL. The recovery measurements showed that the proposed SERS method had satisfactory precision and accuracy.
关键词： Ciprofloxacin,interface,gold nanofilm,liquid-liquid,surface-enhanced Raman scattering
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04