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Investigation of effect of fresnel lens on the performance of double slope single basin solar still
摘要： The shortage of drinking water has become one of the biggest problems in the world. Water pollution increases considerably because of factors such as population growth, industrialization, urbanization, etc. Several new technologies have been invented for desalination from time to time and solar distillation is considered more economical. In this work, the influence of Fresnel lens on the conversion of the polluted water that is coming out from the industries into the drinking water was investigated using double slope single basin solar still. The industrial waste water (of pH value of 14) was used in the solar still and was converted into the drinkable water. The results show that the polluted industrial waste water can effectively be converted into drinkable water with the use of Fresnel lens.
关键词： double slope,Fresnel lens,solar still,desalination,water
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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A Cationic Rectifier Based on a Graphene Oxide Covered Microhole: Theory and Experiment
摘要： Cation transport through nano-channels in graphene oxide can be rectified to give ionic diode devices for future applications for example in desalination. A film of graphene oxide is applied to a 6 μm thick poly-ethylene-terephthalate (PET) substrate with 20 μm diameter microhole and immersed in aqueous HCl solution. Strong diode effects are observed even at high ionic strength (0.5 M). Switching between open and closed states, microhole size effects, and time dependent phenomena are explained based on a simplified theoretical model focusing on the field-driven transport within the microhole region. In aqueous NaCl, competition between Na+ transport and field-driven heterolytic water splitting are observed, but shown to be significant only at low ionic strength. Therefore, nanostructured graphene oxide is demonstrated to exhibit close to ideal behavior for future application in ionic diode desalination of seawater.
关键词： molecular pump,amplifier,voltammetry,transistor,desalination,iontronics
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 7th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) - Paris, France (2018.10.14-2018.10.17)] 2018 7th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) - Simulation Studies for a Multi-MW Hybrid Wind-Solar PV System for Desalination Plants
摘要： This paper presents a power system configuration and control schemes for a Multi-MW wind-solar hybrid system, which includes multiple wind turbines and solar panels to support a desalination plant. The wind and solar systems are sized such that the desalination plant obtains, as far as possible, its power from the renewable sources, to minimize the dependence on the utility grid. Each section of the wind turbine system includes a variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generator connected to the grid via a back-to-back voltage source converter. The rectifier operates the wind system at the maximum power point, and the inverter provides power to the desalination plant. The solar plant has multiple panels connected to the grid via a three phase converter, performing the dual functions of power transformation and maximum power point tracking. The modeling and validation of this system is performed with the PSCAD/EMTDC, a software typically employed for transient analysis.
关键词： hybrid system,PV system,Wind turbine,rectifier,inverter,desalination plant
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2017 International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC) - Tangier (2017.12.4-2017.12.7)] 2017 International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC) - Experimental Analysis of an Inclined Cascade Solar Still with Slope Surfaces and Baffles
摘要： Morocco has an important solar energy potential, for this reason solar desalination is the appropriate and the least expensive method. The single basin type is widely used. However in comparison with other techniques, the conventional solar still with single basin has the lowest yield. A new attempt was fabricated to develop the solar stills production, using a cascade slope absorber plate with baffles. This work presents an experimental analysis of the new construction of solar still. The solar intensity and the ambient temperature are considered for testing the solar still to examine the effect of the new design of the absorber plate.
关键词： Desalination,Wick type stills,Cascade solar still,Stepped solar still,Brackish water
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Oxygen-Defected Molybdenum Oxides Hierarchical Nanostructure Constructed by Atomic-Level Thickness Nanosheets as an Efficient Absorber for Solar Steam Generation
摘要： Solar steam generation is a potential approach for fresh water recycling, thus attracting increasing attention recently. To further promote water evaporation rate, some new materials need to be developed, such as plasmonic transition metal oxides. In this work, we report an oxygen-defected molybdenum oxides hierarchical nanostructure (MoOx HNS) composed of ultrathin nanosheets with atomic-level thickness, which is demonstrated as an efficient absorber for solar steam generation. Benefiting from broadband light absorption and special assembled architecture, the resulting MoOx HNS loaded on a PTFE membrane (MoOx HNS Membrane) exhibits excellent performance for boosting steam generation rate. Under 1 sun (1 kW m?2) illumination, the evaporation rate can reach at 1.255 kg m?2 h?1, with the energy conversion efficiency of 85.6%, which is one of the best performance compared with other desalination materials. Meanwhile, the MoOx HNS Membrane can achieve high-performance seawater desalination in both laboratorial and outdoor conditions. The enhanced water evaporation performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the efficient solar-to-thermal conversion and the unique channel structure. This work expands the scope of investigated materials which can be applied in seawater desalination system.
关键词： MoOx hierarchical nanostructure,seawater desalination,photothermal conversion,oxygen vacancies,solar steam generation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE 2019 28th Wireless and Optical Communications Conference (WOCC) - Beijing, China (2019.5.9-2019.5.10)] 2019 28th Wireless and Optical Communications Conference (WOCC) - Copyright Page
摘要： We experimentally demonstrate a surface-plasmon-resonance-based sensor capable of detecting polysaccharide molecules, such as Xanthan gum. Experimental results demonstrate that by attaching Concanavalin A to the gold nanothin-film chip of the sensor, a linear response of the change in reflected optical power to the dissolved Xanthan gum concentration is observed, demonstrating the ability of the developed sensor to detect Xanthan gum concentrations up to 0.22 g/L.
关键词： surface plasmon resonance,desalination,Biosensor,optical sensors,xanthan gum
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[Energy, Environment, and Sustainability] Advances in Solar Energy Research || Application of Nanofluid-Based Direct Absorption Solar Collector in Once-Through Multistage Flash Desalination System
摘要： Multistage ?ash (MSF) desalination technique is one of the simplest of thermal desalination methods which requires thermal energy in order to desalinate seawater. This thermal energy can be provided by solar energy harnessed by a direct absorption solar collector (DASC) in which a nano?uid while ?owing through the collector absorbs the incident irradiation directly and gets heated to higher temperatures. These collectors are having a relatively higher thermal ef?ciency (10% higher) as compared to conventional surface-absorption-based solar collectors. In this study, a direct absorption solar collector (DASC) has been used as a heat source for multistage ?ash (MSF) desalination system having once-through (OT) con?guration, and these two systems are coupled using a counter?ow type heat exchanger. This direct absorption collector is replaced by surface-absorption-based collector in order to prevent the degradation of thermal performance of surface-absorption-based collector due to high salinity of seawater as in the present case seawater ?ows through heat exchanger and is getting heated by the nano?uid ?owing through direct absorption collector. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the thermal performance of the combined system which is represented by a quantity known as gained output ratio (GOR). The thermal performance or ef?ciency of the solar collector depends upon various parameters such as thickness of nano?uid layer inside DASC (H), length of the collector (L), particle volume fraction of nanoparticles (fv), and incident solar energy (q) which will affect the performance of the MSF system also. Hence, the performance of the combined system will be evaluated as a function of the collector parameters mentioned above. The gained output ratio is also evaluated as a function of brine rejection temperature (Tb) and feed seawater temperature (Tf) which are parameters associated with the MSF desalination system. The fresh water production rate (m?d) has also been evaluated as a function of the abovementioned parameters related to the collector and MSF system. A numerical model has been prepared to solve the temperature pro?le of the DASC system which is solved using ?nite difference implicit method (FDM) with the help of MATLAB. The numerical model for MSF desalination system is also prepared and solved in MATLAB.
关键词： Nano?uid,Once-through,Solar energy,Desalination,Multistage ?ash
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Concentrated photovoltaic and thermal system application for fresh water production
摘要： This study was conducted to investigate the performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic/Thermal system (CPV/T) coupled with direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for saline water desalination. A numerical heat and mass flux model was constructed to investigate the feasibility of freshwater production. The average electrical efficiency was found to be about 18%, while thermal efficiency increased to an average of 25% and the total efficiency reached an average of 71%. The CPV/T efficiency with the cooling loop reached 19.26% at the peak time of the process. Eventually, the DCMD produced 3 kg/m2/h of fresh water and consumed thermal energy of about 9200 kJ/kg water. Moreover, the water mass flux decreased from 3 L/m2/h to 1.8 L/m2/h in a nonlinear manner. When the gain output ratio (GOR) of the system reaches 2.6 efficiency value or greater, the water outlet temperature from the CPV/T can increase along with the water permeate flux produced by the coupled system. In contrast, if the temperature of the outlet water from the CPV/T system is low, the feed water temperature in the heat exchanger also decreases. As a result, a significant decrease is observed in the feed inlet temperature of the DCMD module.
关键词： Membrane distillation,Solar desalination,Concentrated flat plate solar photovoltaic–thermal,Solar energy,Water desalination
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A salt-resistant Janus evaporator assembled from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and nickel oxide for efficient and recyclable solar desalination
摘要： Solar energy-driven interfacial water evaporation is a promising energy utilization technology in the field of seawater desalination and water purification. However, the accumulation of salt on the heating surface severely impairs the water evaporation performance and long-time stability. Herein, we demonstrate a new kind of photothermal paper comprising a high-temperature-resistant paper made from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and glass fibers and black nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles for solar energy-driven desalination. Owing to the high photothermal conversion ability, fast water transportation in the air-laid paper, and good heat insulation, the hydrophilic HN/NiO photothermal paper can achieve efficient, stable and recyclable water evaporation performance. In addition, a Janus HN/NiO photothermal paper based on hydrophobic sodium oleate-modified ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires has been developed, and it has a high water evaporation efficiency of 83.5% under 1 kW m?2 irradiation. In particular, with the bottom hydrophobic ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire layer and water-transporting channels in the air-laid paper to facilitate salt exchange, the as-prepared Janus evaporator exhibits no salt accumulation on the surface, high performance and long-time stable desalination using simulated seawater (3.5 wt% NaCl). Furthermore, the Janus evaporator with the hydrophobic ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire substrate can be extended to support other photothermal materials such as black titanium oxide (Ti2O3) and Ketjen black carbon. The as-prepared Janus HN/Ti2O3 and Janus HN/KB photothermal paper also exhibit salt-resistant desalination function. The as-prepared Janus salt-resistant photothermal paper with efficient, stable and recyclable merits has great potential in solar energy-driven desalination and water purification.
关键词： desalination,interfacial water evaporation,water purification,solar energy-driven,photothermal paper,ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires,nickel oxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Photothermal response of plasmonic nanofillers for membrane distillation
摘要： Light-to-heat conversion in plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) inside polymeric membranes is beneficial for improving the efficiency of membrane distillation for seawater desalination. However, the physical mechanisms ruling photothermal membrane distillation are unclear yet. Here, we model the plasmonic photothermal light-to-heat conversion from Ag, Au, and Cu nanofillers in polymeric membranes for membrane distillation. Photothermal effects in the cases of isolated metallic NPs and their assembly are investigated considering size effects and excitation sources. The increasing content of metallic NPs improves the efficiency of the light-to-heat conversion. For a polymeric membrane, filled with 25% Ag NPs, our model well reproduces the experimental temperature increase of 10 K. Specifically, we find that Ag NPs with a radius of around 30–40 nm are favorite candidates for membrane heating with excitation energy in the visible/near-UV range. The incorporation of a term associated with heat losses into the heat transfer equation well reproduces the cooling effect associated with vaporization at the membrane surface. Compared to Ag NPs, Au and Cu NPs show a broadened absorption cross section and their resonance has a nonlinear behavior with varying the excitation energy, better matching with sunlight radiation spectrum.
关键词： photothermal conversion,membrane distillation,seawater desalination,plasmonic nanoparticles,light-to-heat conversion
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57