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Real time video image enhancement approach using particle swarm optimisation technique with adaptive cumulative distribution function based histogram equalization
摘要： Recent years, real time videos are playing an important role in different applications such as pattern recognition, security purpose, news analysis, weather digest, and video browser and so on. Due to the importance of real time video applications, the quality of the real time video must be improved for making effective results in real time video analysis process. This paper introduces the particle optimization with adaptive cumulative distribution based histogram enhancement technique (PACDHE) for improving the real time video quality. Initially the videos are collected, each incoming frame has been analyzed and noise present in the video frame is eliminated by applying the non-divisional median filter. After that, quality of real time video is enhanced iteratively by examining each pixel present in video frames using the optimized fitness and cumulative distribution function. This process is repeated continuously until to enhance the real time video frames contrast and quality. Then the performance of the system is analyzed by using CV online video database and the efficiency is examined in terms of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), Absolute Mean Brightness Error (AMBE) and Entropy. The experimental results of PSO are compared with genetic algorithm based approach and found that PSO outperforms the GA approach and the existing histogram equalization approach and the existing histogram equalization approaches.
关键词： contrast enhancement,particle optimization based adaptive cumulative distribution based histogram enhancement technique (PACDHE),fitness and cumulative distribution function,CV online video database,Video quality
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 5th International Conference on Advanced Informatics: Concept Theory and Applications (ICAICTA) - Krabi (2018.8.14-2018.8.17)] 2018 5th International Conference on Advanced Informatics: Concept Theory and Applications (ICAICTA) - The Experimental Set of Light Distribution Analysis by LabView Application
摘要： This research presents experimental set of distribution light. Light illuminance is displayed by LabView application. The set was tested by four types of lamp (CFL), incandescent, E27 LED (Light Emitting Diode), T8 tubular fluorescent (FL). The 3 types of luminaire are used for testing. They consisted of down light, high bay and fluorescent reflector. The black close room was 1.5x1.5x1.5 m in size. It was constructed by steel and plywood. The center floor of the room is installed by LDR (Light Dependent Resistor). It was used for measuring the illuminance. LabView application was applied to display value on computer screen. The stepping motor was installed to rotate the lamp. It was controlled by LabView through DAQ 6008 interface card. It was rotated from -90o to 90o. The control set consisted of interface card, motor drive and power supply. They were contained in the insulation box outside of the test room. From the experimental result, the LDR illuminance meter can measure illuminance with 4.52% average error. The light distribution curve from experiment set is correspondent with theory.
关键词： LabView,LDR,illuminance,lighting system,light distribution
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Investigation of Sentinel-2 Bidirectional Reflectance Hot-Spot Sensing Conditions
摘要： Directional reflectance effects, often described by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF), occur in Sentinel-2 multispectral instrument reflectance. The bidirectional hot-spot is a special case of the BRDF used to describe the increased backscatter reflectance that occurs over most surfaces when the solar and viewing directions coincide. A global year of Sentinel-2A metadata extracted using the Committee on Earth Observation Satellite Visualization Environment (COVE) tool and an established astronomical model were used to quantify the range of solar geometry and scattering angles expected in Sentinel-2A data. The established astronomical model was adapted to be Sentinel-2A specific and was parameterized as a function of the sensor acquisition date and nadir latitude. Solar zenith angles varied from 15.335° to 91.454°, and the scattering angles varied from 84.714° to 173.967°. To confirm the global COVE results, the scattering angles of a sample of Sentinel-2A data were examined and differed by less than 0.17° with respect to the COVE data. Given that hot-spots are only apparent when the scattering angle is close to 180°, we conclude that hot-spot will not occur in Sentinel-2A data. Equations and software to predict the scattering angle at the Sentinel-2A swath edge as a function of acquisition date and nadir latitude are provided so users may obtain data over a range of scattering angles in support of their BRDF studies.
关键词： bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF),Bidirectional hot-spot,scattering angle,solar geometry,Sentinel-2
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Spectroscopic Compton imaging of prompt gamma emission at the MeV energy range
摘要： This work explores a novel tomographic approach to PGAA that is both quantitative and spatially resolved, adapted from a clinical "proton beam range finder" in which MeV gamma rays are imaged by coincidence measurements of Compton scattered gamma rays with multi-detector arrays. We performed preliminary measurements using a Compton camera made with CdZnTe detector arrays on a series of test samples with high-energy (> 1 MeV) gamma emission lines. 3D image reconstructions were performed on the 2.2 MeV peak from H. The image reconstruction methods were also evaluated using the emission data generated by Monte Carlo simulations under ideal conditions.
关键词： 3D elemental distribution,Compton imaging,Prompt gamma activation analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Design and characterization of the non-uniform solar flux distribution measurement system
摘要： It is important to accurately measure the solar flux distribution on the heated surface for the utilization of solar energy. To this end, in this paper a new measurement system was proposed to measure the solar flux distribution of the absorber tube surface by taking advantage of the end loss effect. The new measurement system does not disturb the collected lights path and influence the operation of the solar collector. The solar flux distribution at different angles can be measured with a few number of heat flux gage by rotating the proposed solar flux measurement system. Compared with existing measurement techniques, the proposed solar flux measurement system has distinct advantages such as simple structure, flexible and reliable operation and easy application. An experimental platform was designed and constructed, and the solar flux distributions on the outer surface of the absorber under different conditions are measured. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed measurement method are validated by comparing the experiment results and the numerical simulation results.
关键词： solar flux distribution,solar flux measurement system,parabolic trough solar collector,experimental investigation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Study of oil-particle-aggregation by digital inline holograph
摘要： This study was performed to visually analyse the relationship between particles and oil in seawater by digital holograph technology. Two types of particles with different sizes were chosen to form oil-particle aggregates (OPAs) in the laboratory to determine whether these particles may be a good approach to safely and harmoniously recover marine environment after an oil spill. The processes were recorded by a digital inline holographic system, which could facilitate a continuous real-time three-dimensional in situ observation of oil droplets and OPAs without touching these particles. The visual results showed that, in the micro scale, the particles formed two different types of OPA after breaking the oil film and transported oil into the bottom of the water, while some OPAs could be resuspended.
关键词： spatial distribution,oil droplet,oil particle aggregation,marine oil spill,digital holographic,digital generated hologram
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Characterizing the ellipticity of an isolated attosecond pulse
摘要： We propose and theoretically demonstrate a single-shot measurement method to measure the ellipticity of an isolated attosecond pulse (IAP). By solving the time-dependent Schr?dinger equation, we calculate the photoelectron momentum distributions (PMDs) from strong field ionization of argon in an arbitrary polarized IAP streaked with a linearly polarized infrared pulse. It is shown that the ellipticity of the IAP is encoded in the PMDs. A linear relation between the angular shift of the three main lobes of the PMDs and the ellipticity of the IAP is obtained, which provides an efficient and robust way for characterizing the ellipticity of the IAP.
关键词： Photoelectron momentum distribution,Attosecond pulse,Elliptically polarized
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Distribution measurement of permittivity by dividing the sample into multisection in the slotted cylindrical cavity
摘要： There are few papers to introduce the distribution measurement of material’s permittivity in the previous work, but the measurement is an important effort to effectively evaluate the inhomogeneity of material’s permittivity. In order to measure the distribution of the relative permittivity with small interval along sample rod, a multisection measurement model has been introduced. The sample is horizontally inserted into the slotted cylindrical cavity with TM0n0 working modes and passes through it to improve the measurement stability. During the measurement, the sample is divided into many sections, and each section is treated as a subsample for the distribution measurement of the permittivity. The traditional perturbation technology is combined with the field analysis of two subsamples in the cavity to calculate the permittivity of all subsamples from the effective permittivity. Based on the theoretical analysis of the simulation results from HFSS, partial error equation is established, and the absolute error of the multisection measurement model is less than 0.1. Besides, the horizontal movement device for the sample movement, support platform with a groove for the sample placement, and vertical cylindrical cavity for the measurement are employed to make up the test setup. Meanwhile, it can provide a stable and rapid measurement. Thus, a fiber reinforced plastic rod has been measured to verify the feasibility of the developed test setup.
关键词： multisection,cylindrical cavity,distribution measurement,relative permittivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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The impact of PVs and EVs on domestic electricity network charges: A case study from Great Britain
摘要： Electric power distribution network charges have become a popular area of study for regulators, industry and academia. Increasing use of photovoltaics (PVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) by domestic customers has created concerns about the fairness of the current tariff structure. Proposing a tariff design, which will be cost reflective, transparent, sustainable, economically efficient is socially desirable. Wealth transfer through electricity distribution tariffs is a major concern for energy regulators. This paper aims to analyse the current distribution network tariffs faced by four main household customer groups in Great Britain (GB) - defined as those who own a PV and an EV, those with EV but no PV, those with PV but no EV and finally those with neither EV nor PV – under various uptake scenarios for EVs and PVs. We illustrate the impact on household tariffs for the most and least expensive GB network operators, namely London Power Networks and Scottish Hydro Electric Power Distribution. The results show that, due to the current network charges calculation structure, as PV penetration increases, the distribution tariffs increase for all customers regardless of whether someone owns a PV or not. On the other hand, as EV penetration increases, the distribution tariffs decrease for all customer groups. Another key finding is that the distribution tariffs in Great Britain are EV dominated and the future EV and PV penetration projections indicate that the distribution tariffs will likely decrease for all customers in Great Britain.
关键词： Tariff,Distribution,Network,EV,PV
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Parameter optimization of cascade in quantum key distribution
摘要： Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol mainly includes two stages: signal transmission stage based on quantum channel and post-processing stage based on classical channel, and the post-processing stage has gradually become a bottleneck restricting the high performance of QKD. Information reconciliation (IR) is a key step in post-processing. Cascade has been widely used in IR due to its excellent error correction performance. In this study, we analyze original Cascade and adjust parameters to improve the partition strategy. As a result, more errors are corrected under near-optimal conditions. We consider both reconciliation efficiency and frame error rate to measure protocol performance. Simulation shows that the improved Cascade can effectively improve the reconciliation efficiency while ensuring a small frame error rate. Overall, our improved Cascade has better performance on the final secret key rate.
关键词： Information reconciliation,Quantum key distribution,Cascade protocol
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52