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Hybrid quantum dot-based theranostic nanomedicines for tumor-targeted drug delivery and cancer imaging
摘要： Quantum dots (QDs) are considered one of the most efficient tools used in theranostic applications for diagnosis and therapy due to their unique physiochemical characteristics. QDs are semiconductor crystals in the nano-scale range of 2–10 nm which exhibit unique photoluminescence characteristics as well as electronic properties such as tunable emission from visible to near infrared wavelengths and superior light stability. QDs possess strong photoluminescence with high molar extinction coefficient values, which make them the best candidates for cell labeling and detection of cancer biomarkers. QDs are characterized by symmetric narrow-emission spectra and broad-absorption spectra. However, some fears have been raised regarding the toxicity of QDs, especially Cd-containing QDs, due to the release of Cd ions and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, strategies have been developed to reduce their toxicity and enhance their biocompatibility through hybridization with other moieties such as polymers, proteins, polysaccharides or lipids, offering efficient tumor targeting in addition to inhibiting their release into the systemic circulation. This article discusses QD-based nanohybrids for delivery of anticancer drugs in combination with cancer imaging.
关键词： lipids,proteins,nanohybrids,tumor targeting,inorganic nanoparticles,polymers,cancer theranostics,quantum dots,polysaccharides,drug delivery
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Au Nanobottles with Synthetically Tunable Overall and Opening Sizes for Chemo-Photothermal Combined Therapy
摘要： Highly asymmetric Au nanostructures, such as split Au nanorings and Au nanocups, exhibit attractive plasmonic properties due to their asymmetric geometries. To facilitate their plasmonic applications, effective and facile synthetic methods for producing asymmetric Au nanostructures with controllable sizes and uniform shapes are highly desirable. Herein we report on an approach for the synthesis of largely asymmetric colloidal Au nanobottles with synthetically tunable overall and opening sizes. Au nanobottles with overall sizes in the range of ~100–230 nm are obtained through the sacrificial templating with differently sized PbS nanooctahedra. The opening sizes of the produced Au nanobottles can be tailored from ~10 to ~120 nm by either adjusting the Au/PbS molar ratio in the growth process or controlling the oxidation degree. The achieved size tunability allows the plasmon resonance wavelength of the Au nanobottles to be varied in the range of ~600–900 nm. Our uniform Au nanobottles, which possess controllable sizes, large cavity volumes and tunable plasmon resonance wavelengths in the visible to near-infrared range, have been further applied for anticancer drug delivery and photothermal therapy. The effects of the surface coating and opening size of the Au nanobottles on the drug encapsulation efficiency and initial burst drug release are systemically evaluated. A high doxorubicin encapsulation efficiency and low initial burst drug release are realized with the dense silica-coated Au nanobottles having the opening size of 44 nm. In addition, chemo-photothermal combined therapy has been demonstrated with the doxorubicin-loaded Au nanobottles. Our results will be helpful for the design of the Au nanobottles with different sizes and plasmonic properties as well as ample opportunities for exploring various plasmon-enabled applications out of the Au nanobottles.
关键词： asymmetric metal nanostructures,plasmon resonance,gold nanobottles,magnetic plasmon resonance,photothermal therapy,drug delivery
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Development of <i>Lactobacillus kimchicus</i> DCY51 <sup>T</sup> -mediated gold nanoparticles for delivery of ginsenoside compound K: <i>in vitro</i> photothermal effects and apoptosis detection in cancer cells
摘要： We report a non-covalent loading of ginsenoside compound K (CK) onto our previously reported gold nanoparticles (DCY51T-AuCKNps) through one-pot biosynthesis using a probiotic Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51T isolated from Korean kimchi. The ginsenoside-loaded gold nanoparticles were characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques such as field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, elemental mapping, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Furthermore, drug loading was also determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). In addition, DCY51T-AuNps and DCY51T-AuCKNps were resistant to aggregation caused by pH variation or a high ionic strength environment. Cell-based study confirmed that DCY51T-AuCKNps exhibited slightly higher cytotoxicity compared to ginsenoside CK treatment in A549 cells (human lung adenocarcinoma cell line) and HT29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line). Upon laser treatment, DCY51T-AuCKNps showed enhanced cell apoptosis in A549, HT29 and AGS cells (human stomach gastric adenocarcinoma cell line) compared with only DCY51T-AuCKNps treated cells. In conclusion, this preliminary study identified that DCY51T-AuCKNps act as a potent photothermal therapy agents with synergistic chemotherapeutic effects for the treatment of cancer.
关键词： green synthesis,gold nanoparticles,Ginsenoside CK,photoluminescence,photothermal therapy,anticancer activity,drug delivery
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Coordination Nanosheets of Phthalocyanine as Multifunctional Platform for Imaging-Guided Synergistic Therapy of Cancer
摘要： “All-in-one” nanodrugs integrating various functionalities into one nanosystem are highly desired for cancer treatment. Coordination nanosheets as one type of two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials offer great opportunities, but lack of enough candidates. Here, a new kind of coordination nanosheets based on phthalocyanine are constructed. Manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) tetracarboxylic acid is employed as photoactive ligand to form MnPc nanosheets; meanwhile, hyaluronic acid (HA) is coated on their surface. The obtained MnPc@HA nanosheets exhibit superior near infrared (NIR) photothermal effect with photothermal conversion efficiency of 72.3%, much higher than previously reported photothermal agents. Due to their 2D nanostructures, MnPc@HA nanosheets possess superhigh drug loading capacity for chemotherapy drug curcumin. With HA as a targeting group, the nanosheets selectively accumulated in CD-44 overexpressed tumors, followed by drug release under the control of NIR light. Moreover, MnPc@HA nanosheets with intrinsic paramagnetism can serve as T1 contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. The synergistic effect of phototherapy and chemotherapy endows curcumin loaded MnPc@HA nanosheets with superior tumor-eradicating efficacy. Besides, MnPc@HA nanosheets are biocompatible and safe for biomedical applications. This work provides novel insight for developing new multifunctional platforms based on 2D coordination nanosheets to synergistically combat cancer.
关键词： theranostics,drug delivery,2D nanomaterials,photothermal therapy,cancer therapy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Synthesis and aggregation of a porphyrin cored hyperbranched polyglycidol and its application as a macromolecular photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy
摘要： Macromolecules are potentially useful delivery systems for cancer drugs as their size allows them to utilize the enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR), which facilitates selective delivery to (and retention within) tumors. In addition, macromolecular delivery systems can prolong circulation times as well as protecting and solubilizing toxic and hydrophobic drug moieties. Overall these properties and abilities can result in an enhanced therapeutic effect. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines the use of oxygen and a photosensitizer (PS), that become toxic upon light-irradiation. We proposed that a PS encapsulated within a water-soluble macromolecule could exploit the EPR effect and safely and selectively deliver the PS to a tumor. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of a porphyrin cored hyperbranched polymer that aggregated into larger micellar structures. DLS and TEM indicated that these aggregated structures had diameters of 45 nm and 20 nm for the solvated and non-solvated species respectively. The porphyrin cored HBP (PC-HBP), along with the non-encapsulated porphyrin (THPP), were screened against EJ bladder carcinoma cells in the dark and light. Both THPP and PC-HBP displayed good toxicity in the light, with LD50 concentrations of 0.5 μM and 1.7 μM respectively. However, in the dark, the non-incorporated porphyrin (THPP) displayed significant toxicity, generating an LD50 of 4 μM. On the other hand, no dark toxicity was observed for the polymer system (PC-HBP) at concentrations of 100 μM or less. As such, incorporation within the large polymer aggregate serves to eliminate dark toxicity, whilst maintaining excellent toxicity when irradiated.
关键词： self-assembly.,hyperbranched polymers,drug delivery,Photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Motile Piezoelectric Nanoeels for Targeted Drug Delivery
摘要： The field of small-scale robotics is undergoing a paradigm shift toward the use of soft smart materials. The integration of soft smart components in micro- and nanorobotic platforms not only allows for more sophisticated locomotion mechanisms, but also more closely mimicks the functioning of biological systems. A soft hybrid nanorobot that mimics an electric eel, a knifefish with an elongated cylindrical body that is able to generate electricity during its motion, is presented here. These nanoeels consist of a flexible piezoelectric tail composed of a polyvinylidene fluoride–based copolymer, linked to a polypyrrole nanowire, which is decorated with nickel rings for magnetic actuation. Upon the application of rotating magnetic fields, the piezoelectric soft tail is deformed causing changes in its electric polarization. Capitalizing on this magnetically coupled piezoelectric effect, electrostatically enhanced on-demand release of therapeutic cargo loaded on the surface of the piezoelectric tail is demonstrated. It is also shown that this approach allows for a pulsatile release of payloads. Interestingly, the driving magnetic parameters can be selected to provide the nanoeel with translational motion or to control the discharge kinetics of the drug.
关键词： magnetic actuation,nanowires,drug delivery,piezoelectricity,soft robotics
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Flower-like Fe7S8/Bi2S3 Superstructures with Improved Near-Infrared Absorption for Efficient Chemo-Photothermal Therapy
摘要： Although various photothermal therapy (PTT) nanoagents have been developed in recent years, the rational design and easy synthesis of a PTT nanoplatform with improved near-infrared (NIR) absorption remains challenging. Herein, via a facile one-pot solvothermal strategy, hydrophilic nanosheet-assembled flower-like Fe7S8/Bi2S3 superstructures were fabricated successfully. Such nanoflowers exhibit improved NIR absorption, which is 1.54 times higher than that of pure Bi2S3 nanosheets at a wavelength of 808 nm. Attractively, these nanoflowers could be served as a drug delivery carrier with controlled release under pH/NIR stimuli, and display fascinating chemo-photothermal synergetic therapeutic effect both in vitro and in vivo. The resulting nanoflowers may open up a way for the design of other nanoagents with improved NIR absorption as well as chemo-photothermal cancer therapy effect.
关键词： Fe7S8/Bi2S3,chemotherapy,nanoflowers,photothermal therapy,near-infrared absorption,drug delivery
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2020 8th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) - Gangwon, Korea (South) (2020.2.26-2020.2.28)] 2020 8th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) - Implementation of multi-connected single-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy system for hyperscanning study
摘要： A drug delivery system is used for targeting drugs to specific cells. Various drug carriers, that also reduce the side effects of unbound drugs, have been introduced and commercialized in the pharmaceutical field. Among them, synthetic biodegradable polymers have received much attention attributed to their low toxicity, controllable biodegradation rates, manufacturability, and low costs. This paper reviews the salient characteristics of biodegradable polymers as drug carriers and their microfabrication methods. The reviewed microfabrication methods include laser micromachining, rapid prototyping, replication, emulsification, microfluidic fabrication, and X-ray-lithography-based methods. For these microfabrication methods, critical dimensions, feature variety, solvent compatibility, production throughput, and tooling requirements are also summarized.
关键词： poly-capro-lactone (PCL),laser micromachining,emulsification,microfluidics,poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA),biodegradable polymers,Drug delivery systems (DDS),rapid prototyping,replication,x-ray-lithography,microfabrication,drug carriers
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A DNA‐Azobenzene Nanopump Fueled by Upconversion Luminance for Controllable Intracellular Drug Release
摘要： Stimulus-responsive drug release possesses considerable significance in cancer precise therapy. Inspired by the continuous rotation-inversion movement of photoisomerizable azobenzene (Azo), this work designs an upconversion luminance fueled DNA-Azo nanopump for rapid and efficient drug release. The nanopump is constructed by assembling the Azo-functionalized DNA strands on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The selective intercalation of doxorubicin (DOX) in specific DNA helix leads to its efficient loading. Under near-infrared light, the UCNPs emit both UV and visible photons to fuel the continuous photo-isomerization of Azo, which acts as an impeller pump to trigger cyclic DNA hybridization and dehybridization for controllable DOX release. In a relatively short period, this system demonstrates 86.7% DOX release. By assembling HIV-1 TAT peptide and hyaluronic acid on the system, cancer cell nuclear targeting delivery is achieved for perinuclear aggregation of DOX and enhanced anticancer therapy. This highly effective drug delivery nanopump would contribute to chemotherapy development.
关键词： upconversion nanoparticles,drug delivery,DNA nanopump,azobenzene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A DNA-Azobenzene Nanopump Fueled by Upconversion Luminance for Controllable Intracellular Drug Release
摘要： Stimulus-responsive drug release possesses considerable significance in cancer precise therapy. Inspired by the continuous rotation-inversion movement of photoisomerizable azobenzene (Azo), this work designs an upconversion luminance fueled DNA-Azo nanopump for rapid and efficient drug release. The nanopump is constructed by assembling the Azo-functionalized DNA strands on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The selective intercalation of doxorubicin (DOX) in specific DNA helix leads to its efficient loading. Under near-infrared light, the UCNPs emit both UV and visible photons to fuel the continuous photo-isomerization of Azo, which acts as an impeller pump to trigger cyclic DNA hybridization and dehybridization for controllable DOX release. In a relatively short period, this system demonstrates 86.7% DOX release. By assembling HIV-1 TAT peptide and hyaluronic acid on the system, cancer cell nuclear targeting delivery is achieved for perinuclear aggregation of DOX and enhanced anticancer therapy. This highly effective drug delivery nanopump would contribute to chemotherapy development.
关键词： upconversion nanoparticles,drug delivery,DNA nanopump,azobenzene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59