- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
[IEEE 2018 North American Power Symposium (NAPS) - Fargo, ND, USA (2018.9.9-2018.9.11)] 2018 North American Power Symposium (NAPS) - Effect of Solar PV Penetration on Residential Energy Consumption Pattern
摘要： The residential rooftop solar penetration in the U.S. has increased rapidly over the past few years. This increase, if not properly accounted for, can lead to operational and reliability challenges for the electric power industry in the form of under-utilization of available energy, increase in costs, and reduction in environmental benefits, as demonstrated by the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) Duck Curve. The authors of this paper had previously developed a bottom-up approach for computing season-wise household-level residential energy consumption profiles using a synthetic population resource. In this paper, that model is enhanced to account for the effects that increasing percentages of rooftop solar penetration can have on the residential energy demand profiles of different regions. This information will be very useful to electric power utilities because it will help them efficiently manage the increasing numbers of residential rooftop solar installations in their supply areas.
关键词： rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV),synthetic population,residential energy consumption,Energy demand modeling,seasonal variation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
[IEEE 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Porto, Portugal (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP) - Energy and Execution Time Comparison of Optical Flow Algorithms on SIMD and GPU Architectures
摘要： This article presents and compares optimized implementations of two optical flow algorithms on several target boards comprising multi-core SIMD processors and GPUs. The two algorithms are Horn-Schunck (HS) and TV-L1, and have been chosen because they are both well-known, and because of their different computational complexity and accuracy. For both algorithms, we have made parallel optimized SIMD implementations, while HS has also been implemented on GPUs. For each algorithm, the comparison between the different versions and target boards is carried out in a two-dimensional fashion: in terms of computing speed – in order to achieve real-time computation – and in terms of energy consumption since we target embedded systems. The results show that for HS, the GPUs are the most efficient in both dimensions, able to process in real-time performances (25 frames per second) up to 8 Mpix images for 0.35 J per image, against 1.8 Mpix images for 0.24 J per image on CPU. The results also highlight the impact of optimizations on TV-L1: far slower than HS without optimization, it can almost match its performance after optimization on CPU, and can achieve real-time performances with 0.25 J for 1.4 Mpix images. We hope these results will help developers design optical flow embedded systems.
关键词： embedded systems,TV-L1,optical flow,real-time processing,energy consumption,GPU,Horn-Schunck,SIMD
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Photo-Catalytic Degradation of Trichlorophenol with UV/Sulfite/ZnO Process, Simultaneous Usage of Homogeneous Reductive and Heterogeneous Oxidative Agents generator as a New Approach of Advanced Oxidation/Reduction Processes (AORPs)
摘要： This study develops UV/Sulfite/ZnO (USZ) photoreactor, as a novel method of Advanced Oxidation/Reduction Processes (AORPs), and employs it for degradation, dechlorination and mineralization of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) content of wastewaters. Degradation efficiency of the UV-only, UV/ZnO, UV/Sulfite and USZ processes were determined as 23.4%, 37.6%, 44.8% and 87.83% respectively, at 10 min reaction time, 50 mg L-1 TCP concentration and pH of 7. Findings indicated that TCP degrades completely within 15 min treatment of 50 mg L-1 initial TCP concentration. According to Molar ratio evaluations, 1:2:50 is the optimal Molar ratio of sulfite/ZnO/TCP in the USZ process. Analyzing effluents of the USZ reactor by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy after 5, 10 and 15 min reaction time revealed that TCP decomposes to ring-shaped compounds in less than 10 min and all TCP and its metabolites convert to linear compounds within 15 min reaction time. Also fourteen little fragments were identified in the degradation of TCP by USZ during 2.5 till 15 min of reaction time. Investigating kinetic of the process through a pseudo first-order model using 10 to 200 mg L-1 TCP over 1 to 15 min reaction time demonstrated that the observed rate constant (kobs) decreases from 0.3811 to 0.0824 min-1 and the observed TCP degradation rate (robs) increases from 3.811 to 16.48 mg L-1 min-1 with increase of TCP concentration. Furthermore, electrical energy consumption (EEO) of the USZ process was calculated with kinetic model 2.21 to 10.25 as 2.19 to 3.55 and with merit-figure model 4.94 to 12.39 kW h m-3 from 10 to 200 mg L-1, respectively. In addition, the effect of co-existing water anions on degradation of 50 mg L-1 TCP was explored during 30 min processing. While 100% degradation was achieved in the absence of any anion, adding nitrate, as the most effective anion, decreased TCP degradation to 78.24%. The highest dechlorination was observed at sulfite/ZnO Molar ratio 1:2 and pH 11.0. Mineralization of TCP by USZ process was achieved 33.2 % after 15 min of reaction.
关键词： Metabolites,Co-existing,Photoreactor,Degradation,Energy consumption,Kinetic
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Simultaneous photocatalytic reduction/degradation of divalent nickel/naphthalene pollutants in aqueous solutions
摘要： Toxic heavy metals and organic pollutants are simultaneously exist in the wastewater of some industries. This study explores reduction of toxic divalent nickel ions, from either nitrate or sulfate salts, coupled with naphthalene (NA) degradation using titania photocatalyst in an efficient photo-sono reactor. A synergism appears when reduction and degradation treatments perform simultaneously in the media. With initial concentrations of [Ni(II)]0 = 5 mg/L and [NA]0 = 10 mg/L, under dominant mild conditions, removal efficiencies of 54.5% and 56.6% were corresponding to Ni(II) and NA when nickel nitrate was used, respectively. These efficiencies were enhanced to 59.2% and 57.5% with nickel sulfate, all after 90 min operations. For evaluating the mechanism of reactions, reactive oxygen species analysis on solutions as well as FTIR, SEM and BET analysis on the titania nanoparticles, before and after usage, were performed. The reaction kinetic was also followed for individual species in the mixed solution and accordingly, the energy consumption was evaluated for one order of magnitude decrease in pollutants concentration. The high performance of the used method was revealed in comparison to the similar reported reduction/degradation processes.
关键词： divalent nickel,kinetic,energy consumption,naphthalene,photocatalytic treatment
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Influence of successive and independent arrangement of Kenics mixer units on light/dark cycle and energy consumption in a tubular microalgae photobioreactor
摘要： The design of mixers in tubular photobioreactors is a key part to reduce the cost of microalgal culture. There have been several investigations of the static Kenics mixer in tubular photobioreactors, but how to use it efficiently has been rarely reported. In this work, the efficiency of light/dark cycle enhancement, defined as the ratio of the dimensionless increment of light/dark cycle frequency to the dimensionless increment of energy consumption, is introduced to evaluate economic aspects of adding a mixer. Then, the 4-unit Kenics mixer consisting of four successive left-right-twisting units and 1-unit Kenics mixer consisting of only one unit are compared in terms of the efficiency using computational fluid dynamics, which shows that an increase of the unit number (from 1 to 4) does not bring a considerable improvement (< 7.5%) in the L/D cycle frequency, while leads to a much higher pressure drop (> 36%), and thus a much lower efficiency. Finally, two approaches to increasing the efficiency are developed. One is to adjust the boundary of light and dark zones in the tube to approximate the high vorticity region, and the other is to adopt more effective types of arrangement of units (e.g., the interval arrangement, instead of the already-existing successive arrangement).
关键词： Static Kenics mixer,Vorticity intensity,Tubular photobioreactor,Energy consumption,Light/dark cycle
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Controlled Dynamic Search for a Mobile Object with Minimum Cost of Light Energy
摘要： We consider the optimal control problem for the spatial motion of a dynamic object in order to search for a moving object that performs simple motion in a rectangular region on a plane. As the optimality criterion, we consider a functional that takes into account the energy consumption of a light source located on the searching object. The object in question is considered to be detected when it reaches the light square with a given illumination. We propose a method for controlling the movement of a searching object, as well as the corresponding law of variation of the electric current in the light source circuit, which ensure the detection of the desired object under a guaranteed search time with minimal light energy consumption.
关键词： dynamic search,light energy consumption,moving object,optimal control
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
[SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology] Sustainable Thermal Power Resources Through Future Engineering || Experimental Investigation on Performance of Solar-Powered Attic Ventilation
摘要： An attic ventilation system has the potential to reduce cooling load and power consumption of an air-conditioning system in buildings that experience elevated temperature in the attic space during the day. For this, a solar-powered attic ventilation system, which harnesses the abundant source of solar energy from the sun, is desired to ventilate the hot attic space in an economical way. On the other hand, it is known that the ef?ciency of photovoltaic (PV) cells decreases when temperature of the solar panel increases. This chapter discusses the design and development of an ef?cient and low-cost solar-powered attic ventilation system. The novelty approach is intended to improve the PV ef?ciency and the overall performance of the system by providing air?ow for the solar panel from out?ow of the ventilation system. The designed and developed solar-powered attic ventilation system consists of an exhaust fan powered by a polycrystalline solar panel, a direct current to direct current (DC-DC) step-down converter power module, ducting system, and ventilation casing assembled together. Components like ventilation casing and angle adjustable mounting for solar panel are prepared through fabrication work. A few experiments and testing on ventilation process and PV ef?ciency are conducted to determine the performance, working condition, and functionality of the developed system. Parameters like ambient temperature and indoor temperature of the research location are studied in the experiment of ventilation process. Solar irradiance, the power produced from the PV, and the power delivered to the exhaust fan are studied through the experiment on PV ef?ciency. The developed solar-powered attic ventilation system reduces the attic temperature by 2.9 °C and keeps the temperature difference between the ambient and indoor in the range of 0.1–0.4 °C. An increment of about 17% was observed for the PV ef?ciency when there is air?ow for the PV module from out?ow of the ventilation system.
关键词： energy consumption,photovoltaic efficiency,thermal comfort,solar-powered attic ventilation,cooling load reduction
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
[IEEE 2019 19th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS) - Jeju, Korea (South) (2019.10.15-2019.10.18)] 2019 19th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS) - Relationship between LED Energy Consumption and Plant Growth in Small Hydroponic Plant Cultivation System
摘要： Global population growth and the ongoing climate crisis pose immense risk to the stable food supplies in the future. We have developed a small hydroponic plant cultivation system to ensure even in extreme circumstances. To build a sustainable system, we have utilized an LED lighting system together with conserved energy generated by sunlight. Such hydroponic plant cultivation systems have to operate at an affordable yet efficient principle. In this paper, we examine experimental results of the relationship between LED energy consumption and plant growth in a hydroponic plant cultivation system. LED light intensity directly correlates to electrical power consumed. Energy consumption is the result of electrical power consumed over a period of time. Three experiments with varying conditions utilizing constant electrical energy consumption were conducted. Case-1: Electric power is kept low and the lighting duration is long; Case-2: the electric power is set to medium and the lighting duration is medium; Case-3: the electric power is large and the lighting duration is short. As a result of evaluating the weight of grown lettuces, it was found that lettuce growth is excellent in Case-1. It means that the longer the LED irradiation duration, the better the plant growth even under the same energy consumption conditions.
关键词： Lighting duration,LEDs,Leaf lettuce growth,Energy consumption,Indoor hydroponic system
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
[IEEE 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - Ottawa, ON, Canada (2019.10.7-2019.10.10)] 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - Photonics-Based Real-Time 2D (Time-Frequency) Broadband Signal Analysis and Processing
摘要： Wireless standardization activities, such as the Bluetooth V4.x (Bluetooth smart), have led to an explosive growth in innovative short-range wireless devices capable of providing various services to assist everyday life. Allowing machine-to-machine (M2M) communication between these M2M devices also presents new commercial service opportunities. M2M service providers, including telecom carriers, may need to establish new networks to accommodate M2M interactions while identifying new business opportunities. Typically, M2M devices need another capable device, such as a smartphone, to act as a gateway to connect to the Internet to operate at their full potential. We propose a novel scheme in which any Internet-enabled device in the vicinity can act as an M2M gateway for M2M devices. This eliminates the need for the M2M device user to also own a smartphone or an Internet-enabled device to obtain services such as online-to-offline. This scheme faces new challenges, such as how to identify the best M2M gateway for a required service and the QoS. This paper proposes a method to select an M2M gateway from a large number of possibilities in order to increase service availability while also obtaining better signal strength for higher QoS. The methods presented are evaluated in terms of their performance, including energy consumption, and a service deployment guideline is derived using real-world data collected at an exhibition, which gave encouraging results.
关键词： M2M service architecture,energy consumption,Internet of Things,M2M communication,Bluetooth smart device,M2M gateway selection
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
-
[IEEE 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) - Macau, China (2019.11.3-2019.11.8)] 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) - Robust High Accuracy Visual-Inertial-Laser SLAM System
摘要： Wireless standardization activities, such as the Bluetooth V4.x (Bluetooth smart), have led to an explosive growth in innovative short-range wireless devices capable of providing various services to assist everyday life. Allowing machine-to-machine (M2M) communication between these M2M devices also presents new commercial service opportunities. M2M service providers, including telecom carriers, may need to establish new networks to accommodate M2M interactions while identifying new business opportunities. Typically, M2M devices need another capable device, such as a smartphone, to act as a gateway to connect to the Internet to operate at their full potential. We propose a novel scheme in which any Internet-enabled device in the vicinity can act as an M2M gateway for M2M devices. This eliminates the need for the M2M device user to also own a smartphone or an Internet-enabled device to obtain services such as online-to-offline. This scheme faces new challenges, such as how to identify the best M2M gateway for a required service and the QoS. This paper proposes a method to select an M2M gateway from a large number of possibilities in order to increase service availability while also obtaining better signal strength for higher QoS. The methods presented are evaluated in terms of their performance, including energy consumption, and a service deployment guideline is derived using real-world data collected at an exhibition, which gave encouraging results.
关键词： M2M service architecture,energy consumption,Internet of Things,M2M communication,Bluetooth smart device,M2M gateway selection
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59