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Preparation of hierarchical flower-like nickel sulfide as hole transporting material for organic solar cells via a one-step solvothermal method
摘要： In this work, nickel sulfide (NiS) with a mesoporous network was prepared through a simple solvothermal approach. The influences of various contents of the sulfur source on the morphological changes were examined. Finally, the resultant NiS doped with various contents of sulfur were used as hole-transport layers (HTLs) for the application to organic solar cells (OSCs). Based on our knowledge of the implementation of OSCs, NiS-based HTLs are used for the first time in this paper. The OSCs developed with NiS_2.0 (NiS doped with 2.0 g of thioacetamide (sulfur source)) HTL showed a higher PCE response, at 2.28% than those fabricated with NiS_1.0 (NiS doped with 1.0 g of thioacetamide), NiS_1.5, (NiS doped with 1.5 g of thioacetamide), and NiS_2.5 (NiS doped with 2.5 g of thioacetamide), which only showed 1.38%, 1.88%, and 1.96%, respectively. Besides this improved photovoltaic response, it also demonstrated a superior reproducibility with a high degree of control over the environmental stability, i.e., 360 h, as compared to the bare PEDOT:PSS HTL-based OSCs, which showed just 240 h.
关键词： Stability,Reproducibility,Synthesis,Hole transport layer,Organic solar cells,Hierarchical flower-like nickel sulfide
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Room Temperature Processed Transparent Cu-Zn-S Nanocomposites as Hole Transport Materials in CdTe Photovoltaics
摘要： Here, we report room temperature processed Cu-Zn-S ternary thin films fabricated using SILAR method as a back-contact hole transport layer in cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells. These Cu-Zn-S films are transparent to visible region with compact grains, and high conductivity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements shows the crystalline nature of the as-deposited Cu-Zn-S films. The Cu-Zn-S nanocomposite as a back contact buffer layer in CdTe devices improves the device performance to 12.7% (average 12.4%) from 10.4% (average 9.8%) compared to a Au only back contact and is comparable to Cu/Au back contact (thermally evaporated). The temperature dependence current voltage characteristics shows the reduced back barrier height compared to Au only and Cu/Au back contact.
关键词： SILAR,Cu-Zn-S,back contact,hole transport layer (HTL),solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Enhanced stability and efficiency in inverted perovskite solar cells through graphene doping of PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer
摘要： Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) plays a relevant role in the device performance as hole extraction layer (HTL) of inverted perovskite solar cells. Here, we show a simple low-temperature spin coating method for obtaining homogenous graphene-doped thin films of PEDOT:PSS with improved electrical conductivity without decreasing optical transmittance. Moreover, the crystallinity and stability in ambient conditions of the perovskite grown on it are enhanced. The hydrophobic character of graphene probably blocks undesirable reactions hampering degradation. By impedance spectroscopy it is demonstrated better charge extraction and reduction of recombination mechanisms at the doped-HTL/perovskite interface, resulting in improved photovoltaic parameters of the solar cell and greater stability at room operation conditions thus providing a simple and cost-effective method of preparing solar cells based on hybrid perovskites.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,PEDOT:PSS,doping,graphene,hole transport layer,impedance spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Bis(4-methylthio)phenyl)amine-based hole transport materials for highly-efficient perovskite solar cells: insight into the carrier ultrafast dynamics and interfacial transport
摘要： Hole transport layers (HTLs) play a significant role in the performance of perovskite solar cells. A new class of linear small-molecules based on bis(4-methylthio)phenyl)amine as an end group, carbon, oxygen and sulfur as the center atoms for the center unit (denoted as MT-based small-molecule), respectively, have been applied as HTL, and two of them presented the efficiency over 20% in the planar inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which demonstrated a significant improvement in comparison with the widely used HTL, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (known as PEDOT:PSS), in the planar inverted architecture. The ultrafast carrier dynamics show that the excited hot carrier cooling process of MT-based small-molecule HTL samples is faster than that of PEDOT:PSS samples. The kinetic analysis of photo-bleaching peaks of femtosecond transient absorption spectra reveals that the traps at the interface between MT-based small-molecule HTLs and MAPbI3 can be filled much quicker than that at PEDOT/MAPbI3 interfaces. Moreover, the hole injection time from MAPbI3 to MT-based small-molecule HTLs is around 10 times quicker than that to PEDOT:PSS. Such quick trap filling and hole extraction bring a significant enhancement in photovoltaic performances. These findings uncover the carrier transport mechanisms and illuminate a promising approach for the design of new HTLs for highly-efficient perovskite solar cells.
关键词： hole transport layer,perovskite solar cell,ultrafast carrier dynamics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Review on applications of PEDOTs and PEDOT:PSS in perovskite solar cells
摘要： Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is the most successful conducting polymer in terms of practical application. It has good film forming ability, high transparency in visible light range, high mechanical flexibility, high electrical conductivity, and good stability in air. PEDOT:PSS has wide applications in many areas. This review summarizes its new applications in perovskite solar cells and approaches to modify the PEDOT:PSS layer for better device performance with the corresponding mechanisms. The most cutting edge progresses in perovskite solar cells with PEDOT:PSS are highlighted.
关键词： hole transport layer,transparent electrode,perovskite solar cells,PEDOT:PSS,conductivity enhancement
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Precursor engineering for performance enhancement of hole-transport-layer-free carbon-based MAPbBr3 perovskite solar cells
摘要： An optimized two-step sequential deposition method to fabricate hole-transport-layer-free carbon-based methyl ammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) perovskite solar cells is reported. Small amounts of MABr are introduced into the PbBr2 precursor solution during the first step to prepare MAPbBr3 perovskite films (labeled as MAPB-xMABr), which promotes the conversion of PbBr2 into perovskite phase and results in denser perovskite films with increased crystallinity, lower trap density, and longer carrier lifetime. After optimization, a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.64% (VOC ? 1.36 V) is obtained for MAPB-0.2MABr based solar cells. Significantly, the non-encapsulated devices exhibit excellent long-term stability in ambient air (25e30 (cid:2)C and 20e30% relative humidity), showing no degradation after a year’s exposure. While, it also shows superior thermal stability with PCE retaining 95% of the initial efficiency after 120 h under thermal stress of 80 (cid:2)C and 40e70% relative humidity.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,High stability,Precursor engineering,Hole transport layer free,Crystal growth
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Enhanced hole transport in benzoic acid doped spiro-OMeTAD composite layer with intergrowing benzoate phase for perovskite solar cells
摘要： Spiro-OMeTAD is one of the widely used hole-transfer materials for designing high-performance perovskite solar cells. It is reported that acid doping is an efficient and facile method to increase the conductivity of spiro-OMeTAD and accelerate its oxidation process. Besides, investigating the morphologic controlling mechanism of spiro-OMeTAD films would give a novel insight in designing the hole-transport layer (HTL) and further clarify the mechanism of acid additives. In this work, the effect of benzoic acid on the spiro-OMeTAD oxidation is studied, where the formation of the lithium benzoate phase can decrease the size of hollows in the spiro-OMeTAD film. By doping benzoic acid, the HTL exhibits faster oxidation process and better hole transfer ability. Meanwhile, the hysteresis of the perovskite solar device based on the HTL is effectively reduced via optimizing the doping content, with an improved power conversion efficiency reaching up to 16.26% under standard AM 1.5G illumination.
关键词： Benzoic acid,Perovskite solar cells,Hole-transport layer,Oxidation of spiro-OMeTAD
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Solution-processable PEDOT:PSS:?±-In2Se3 with enhanced conductivity as a hole transport layer for high-performance polymer solar cells
摘要： Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets have attracted enormous attention in photovoltaic devices owing to their outstanding photoelectric properties in recent years. Herein, 2D α-In2Se3 nanosheets with higher conductivity and suitable work function are synthesized by liquid phase exfoliation method. To ameliorate the low conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) (2.21×10-3 S cm-1), α-In2Se3 nanosheets are directly added into PEDOT:PSS to obtain PEDOT:PSS:α-In2Se3 composite film. The composite film exhibits excellent optical transmittance, suitable work function, and enhanced conductivity (1.54×10-2 S cm-1). To profoundly investigate the mechanism of conductivity improvement, XPS, Raman, EPR and AFM measurements are conducted. The results show that the synergistic effect of 2D α-In2Se3 nanosheets and isopropanol/deionized water cosolvent screens the Coulombic attraction among PEDOT and PSS. The screening effect results in the partial removal of PSS and the benzoid-quinoid transition of PEDOT. In addition, α-In2Se3 nanosheets may serve as physical linkers for PEDOT chains. Both effects are beneficial to increase interfacial contact area between PEDOT chains and form a larger conductive network of PEDOT, leading to an enhanced conductivity. The composite film is first employed as a hole transport layer (HTL) in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PBDB-T:ITIC-based device with composite HTL is 10% higher than that of unmodified PBDB-T:ITIC-based device, and the maximum PCE of 15.89% is achieved in PM6:Y6 system. More interestingly, the stability of devices with composite HTL is improved owing to the partial removal of PSS. Thus the PEDOT:PSS:α-In2Se3 composite can be an application prospect HTL material in PSCs.
关键词： polymer solar cells,hole transport layer,α-In2Se3,PEDOT:PSS,stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The Performance Improvement of Using Hole Transport Layer with Lithium and Cobalt for Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cell
摘要： With the continuous development of solar cells, the perovskite solar cells (PSCs), whose hole transport layer plays a vital part in collection of photogenerated carriers, have been studied by many researchers. Interface transport layers are important for efficiency and stability enhancement. In this paper, we demonstrated that lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) codoped in the novel inorganic hole transport layer named NiOx, which were deposited onto ITO substrates via solution methods at room temperature, can greatly enhance performance based on inverted structures of planar heterojunction PSCs. Compared to the pristine NiOx films, doping a certain amount of Li and Co can increase optical transparency, work function, electrical conductivity and hole mobility of NiOx film. Furthermore, experimental results certified that coating CH3NH3PbIxCl3?x perovskite films on Li and Co- NiOx electrode interlayer film can improve chemical stability and absorbing ability of sunlight than the pristine NiOx. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has a great improvement from 14.1% to 18.7% when codoped with 10% Li and 5% Co in NiOx. Moreover, the short-circuit current density (Jsc) was increased from 20.09 mA/cm2 to 21.7 mA/cm2 and the fill factor (FF) was enhanced from 0.70 to 0.75 for the PSCs. The experiment results demonstrated that the Li and Co codoped NiOx can be a effective dopant to improve the performance of the PSCs.
关键词： codoping,nickle oxide,hole transport layer,perovskite solar cells,performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Charge-transport layer engineering in perovskite solar cells
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) technology that directly converts the solar energy into electrical energy, is regarding as one of the most promising utilization technologies of renewable and clean energy sources. Nowadays, developing low-cost and highly efficient PV technology is a hot research topic both for academia and industry. In this context, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with metal halide perovskites [ABX3, A = CH3NH3+ (MA+), or CH(NH2)2+ (FA+), Cs+; B = Pb2+, Sn2+; X = Cl?, Br?, I?] as light harvesting material, is in the spotlight due to its easy fabrication process and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) [1,2]. To date, the certified PCE has been already pushed up to 25.2% (https://www.nrel.gov/pv/module-efficiency.html), making PSC an auspicious candidate for a new generation of photovoltaics. In future days, how to eliminate the non-essential charge carrier recombination in the device, further push the PCE approaching the Shockley-Queisser theoretical efficiency limit (~35%) and enhance the device stability, will be formidable challenges and the focus in the next stage of research work.
关键词： electron transport layer,hole transport layer,charge-transport layer,perovskite solar cells,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57