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Focal Relationship Between Structure and Function Within the Central 10 Degrees in Glaucoma
摘要： PURPOSE. To investigate which measurements of inner macular thickness are the most useful for evaluating the focal relationship with visual sensitivity within the central 108 in glaucoma and which layers require correction for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) displacement. METHODS. Sixty eyes of 60 subjects with glaucoma were included. Sensitivity of each test point of 10-2 standard automated perimetry was compared with the thickness of the retinal nerve ?ber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), GCLt inner plexiform layer (IPL), and RNFLtGCLtIPL (GCC), with and without RGC displacement, using Spearman’s rank correlation coef?cients. Visual sensitivity was evaluated by unlogged 1/Lambert (1/L) values. RESULTS. Retinal nerve ?ber layer thickness correlated signi?cantly with the sensitivities of all test points except for some in the papillomacular bundle region when adjusting for RGC displacement (rs ? 0.287–0.767, P < 0.05). In the central 5.88, the GCL and (GCLtIPL) thickness correlated signi?cantly with the sensitivities of all test points when adjusting for RGC displacement (GCL: rs ? 0.363–0.729, P < 0.01; (GCLtIPL): rs ? 0.359–0.715, P < 0.01). The GCC thickness correlated signi?cantly with the sensitivities of all 68 test points when adjusting for RGC displacement (rs ? 0.359–0.767, P < 0.01). RGC displacement improved the correlation between sensitivity and GCL, (GCLtIPL), and GCC in the central 4 points (GCL: rs ? from 0.270–0.470 to 0.421–0.540; (GCLtIPL): rs ? from 0.195–0.450 to 0.381–0.549; GCC: rs ? from 0.132–0.449 to 0.359–0.562). CONCLUSIONS. The GCC is the most useful parameter to evaluate structure and function within the central 108 in glaucoma. Adjusting for RGC displacement is essential to evaluate the relationship between structure of the GCL-related layer and function at the central macula.
关键词： focal relationship,RGC displacement,visual sensitivity,inner macular thickness
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Relationship between macular thickness measurement and signal strength using Stratus optical coherence tomography
摘要： Purpose: To examine the relationship between signal strength and macular thickness as measured by Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT)'s fast macular thickness protocol in healthy subjects. Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study 79 eyes of 42 healthy subjects were enrolled. The age, gender, and eye (right vs left) of each subject were recorded. The Stratus OCT fast macular thickness scan protocol was used and the macular thickness was measured with retinal thickness map analysis. Each eye was imaged at least six times to acquire images with signal strengths of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 out of 10 via adjustment of the focusing knob. The OCT parameters included in the analysis were thickness in the central 1 mm and in the different quadrants in the 3-mm area. Results: Overall 79 eyes of 42 patients with a mean age of 38.4±12.4 were included. There was no significant difference between the signal strength measurements obtained with different signal strengths in the central thickness (P=0.20). In the superior, nasal, inferior, and temporal quadrants, a signal strength of 8 demonstrated up to 3 μm thicker measurements than a signal strength of 5 (P<0.05). In general linear regression analysis, after accounting for age and gender, signal strength did not remain a significant predictor of thickness in any quadrant. Conclusions: When using fast map macular measurements, a signal strength of 5 is clinically as efficient as a signal strength of 8 in measuring macular thickness in all quadrants. Insisting on higher signal strength may not be necessary.
关键词： retinal thickness,macular thickness,Stratus OCT,fast map macular measurement,signal strength
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab and macular photocoagulation for treatment of diabetic macular edema in a tertiary care eye hospital at Karachi
摘要： Objective: To study the outcomes of intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab and laser photocoagulation in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: Seventy-two eyes of 59 patients with diabetic macular edema were divided into two groups of 41 eyes (Group-A) and 31 eyes (Group-B). Subjects in group-A were treated with three intravitreal injections of Bevacizumab (IVB), and that of group-B with macular photocoagulation. Duration of study was 9 months. Follow up pattern for both groups was 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Best Corrected Visual acuity on log MAR (BCVA) for distance as well as near in each visitwas recorded. Retinal OCT for central macular thickness (CMT) was performed on baseline. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: Mean age of the patients was 53.76 ± 8.82 ranging to 36-71 years. Out of 59 patients, 40 (67.8%) were male and 19 (32.2%) female. It was observed that the difference of results among both groups was not significant. Fig.2 documents visual acuity recorded as Improved; Stable and Worse. Conclusion: The improvement in BCVA was significant at 6 months in both treatments. The final improvements in BCVA has been almost similar between both the treatment groups although it was noted that IVB group showed early improvement in BCVA at follow-ups of 1 and 3 months. A long term follow-up is required in these cases to see the effect of both these treatment strategies.
关键词： Diabetic Macular edema,Anti-VEGF,Central macular thickness
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Comparison of optical quality and distinct macular thickness in femtosecond laser-assisted versus phacoemulsification cataract surgery
摘要： Background: Optical quality and macular thickness changing optical quality is rarely reported after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS). In current research, we evaluated optical quality recovery and distinct macular thickness changes after FLACS and phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PCS). Methods: A total of 100 cataract patients (100 eyes) were included (50 eyes for the FLACS group and 50 eyes for the PCS group). Modulation transfer function (MTF), point spread function (PSF) and dysfunctional lens index (DLI) were measured by a ray-tracing aberrometer (iTrace). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were also assessed pre-operation,1 week and 1 month after surgery. The MTF values at spatial frequencies of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cycles/degree (c/d) were selected. We used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the macular thickness of different regions pre-operatively and1month after the surgery. Results: In PCS group, we found the statistically significant differences between pre-operation and post-operation in DLI (p < 0.0001), PSF (strehl ratio, SR) (p = 0.027) and MTF (p = 0.028), but not intraocular pressure (IOP) (p = 0.857). The differences between pre-operation and post-operation for DLI (p = 0.031), SR (p = 0.01) and IOP (p = 0.03), but not MTF (p = 0.128) were also found in FLACS group. The differences were statistically significant when the spatial frequencies were at 5, 10 and 25 (p = 0.013, 0.031 and 0.048) between pre-operation and post-operation in PCS group but not FLACS group at 1 month. In PCS group, we found the differences between pre-operation and post-operation in nasal inter macular ring thickness (NIMRT) (p = 0.03), foveal volume (FV) (p = 0.034) and average retinal thickness (ART) (p = 0.025) but not FLACS group at 1 month. Conclusion: FLACS is safe that did not cause significant increase of macular thickness in current study. However, it also cannot produce better optical quality. In contrast, PCS can produce macular thickness changes, but better optical quality recovery. The slightly retinal change may not affect optical quality.
关键词： Macular thickness,Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS),Point spread function (PSF),Modulation transfer function (MTF),Phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PCS),Dysfunctional lens index (DLI),Optical quality
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Macular and Optic Nerve Alterations in Patients with Glaucoma and Correlation with Visual Field Index
摘要： Introduction. To evaluate the sectorial thickness of single retinal layers and optic nerve using spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and highlight the parameters with the best diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing between normal and glaucoma subjects at di?erent stages of the disease. Material and Methods. For this cross-sectional study, 25 glaucomatous (49 eyes) and 18 age-matched healthy subjects (35 eyes) underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination including visual ?eld testing. Sectorial thickness values of each retinal layer and of the optic nerve were measured using SD-OCT Glaucoma Module Premium Edition (GMPE) software. Each parameter was compared between the groups, and the layers and sectors with the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were identi?ed. Correlation of visual ?eld index with the most relevant structural parameters was also evaluated. Results and Discussion. All subjects were grouped according to stage as follows: Controls (CTRL); Early Stage Group (EG) (Stage 1 + Stage 2); Advanced Stage Group (AG) (Stage 3 + Stage 4 + Stage 5). mGCL TI, mGCL TO, mIPL TO, mean mGCL, cpRNFLt NS, and cpRNFLt TI showed the best results in terms of AUC according classi?cation proposed by Swets (0.9 < AUC < 1.0). These parameters also showed signi?cantly di?erent values among group when CTRL vs EG, CTRL vs AG, and EG vs AG were compared. SD-OCT examination showed signi?cant sectorial thickness di?erences in most of the macular layers when glaucomatous patients at di?erent stages of the disease were compared each other and to the controls.
关键词： glaucoma,spectral domain optical coherence tomography,macular thickness,optic nerve,visual field index
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Parameters of ocular fundus on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography for glaucoma diagnosis
摘要： In this review, we summarize the progression of several parameters assessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in recent years for the detection of glaucoma. Monitoring the progression of defects in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness is essential. Imaging and analysis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and inner plexiform layer (IPL), respectively, have been of great importance. Optic nerve head (ONH) topography obtained from 3D SD-OCT images is another crucial step. Other important assessments involve locating the Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO), estimating the optic disc size and rim area, and measuring the lamina cribrosa displacement. Still other parameters found in the past three years for glaucoma diagnosis comprise central retinal artery resistive index, optic disc perfusion in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) study, peripapillary choroidal thickness, and choroidal area in SD-OCT. Recently, several more ocular fundus parameters have been found, and compared with the earlier parameters to judge the accuracy of diagnosis. While a few of these parameters have been widely used in clinical practice, a fair number are still in the experimental stage.
关键词： optic nerve head,retinal nerve fiber layer,lamina cribrosa,optical coherence tomography,macular thickness,ganglion cells,glaucoma progression
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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The effects of ranibizumab injections on fluorescein angiographic findings and visual acuity recovery in age-related macular degeneration
摘要： The objective of the study reported here was to evaluate the effect of ranibizumab on retinal circulation times and vessel caliber and to analyze the correlation of these factors with visual acuity (VA) prognosis in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
关键词： central macular thickness,prognosis,retinal arteriole diameter,vessel caliber,retinal vein diameter
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Spectral domain optical coherence tomography as an adjunctive tool for screening Beh?et uveitis
摘要： Background This study investigated the association of central macular thickness (CMT) and macular volume (MV) with severity of Behc?et uveitis in the absence of macular edema (ME). Methods This retrospective, interventional study included a total 131 treatment-na?ve Behc?et patients with varying degree of uveitis in the absence of ME. The mean CMT and MV were obtained by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD ODT). The patients were classified according to the anatomical classification of Behc?et uveitis. The main outcome measure was comparison of mean CMT and MV with the types of Behc?et uveitis. Results Sixty patients (45.8%) with no uveitis, 41 patients (31.3%) with anterior uveitis, 18 patients (13.7%) with posterior uveitis, and 12 patients (9.2%) with panuveitis. The mean CMT were 261.6±22.2 μm in no uveitis, 268.1±17.8 μm in anterior uveitis, 306.4±32.9 μm in posterior uveitis, and 300.4±44.0 μm in panuveitis (P < 0.001). The mean MV was 8.7±0.3 mm3 in those without uveitis, 8.8±0.3 mm3 in anterior uveitis, 9.9±1.1 mm3 in those with posterior uveitis, and 9.7±0.4 mm3 in panuveitis (P < 0.001). Types of Behc?et uveitis was the only significant factor correlated with the mean CMT (B = 18.170, β = 0.408, P < 0.001) and the mean MV (B = 0.328, β = 0.652, P < 0.001). Conclusions The mean CMT and MV were significantly thicker in the Behc?et uveitis with posterior involvement. SD OCT can be used for an adjunctive tool for screening Behc?et uveitis, especially for the presence of posterior involvement.
关键词： Behc?et uveitis,macular volume,posterior involvement,spectral domain optical coherence tomography,central macular thickness
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Progressive Visusminderung bei Zapfendystrophie. Spurensuche im Makula-OCT und Multifokal-ERG; Progressive loss of vision in cone dystrophy. Search for evidence with macular OCT and multifocal ERG;
摘要： A 53-year-old patient consulted our practice clinic complaining of progressive visual loss, increased glare sensitivity and color sense disorder. Extensive diagnostic investigation, including multifocal ERG (mfERG) and macular thickness map with the help of optical coherence tomography (OCT), supported the suspected diagnosis of a cone dystrophy. There are, however, no established therapeutic options. A diagnostic confirmation by means of molecular genetics was not successful.
关键词： Molecular genetics,Central scotoma,Glare sensitivity,Macular thickness map,Color sense disorder
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14