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Broadband simultaneously RHCP-LHCP radiating microstrip fed rectangular slot antenna for polarization diversity applications
摘要： In this article, for the first time, an antenna that can radiate LHCP and RHCP waves simultaneously is presented. The antenna enables simultaneous transmission of both right-handed (RH) and left-handed (LH) circular polarized (CP) waves separately over an elevation range from -45 to 45 degrees from the zenith. The simultaneous radiation of dual sense CP in the different spatial directions enables the antenna to act as polarization diversity transmitter. The mechanism of virtual sequential rotation of magnetic currents inside the different parts of the slot, excited with uniform phase fields results in dual CP generation. The uniform phase orthogonal fields are generated in the different parts of the slot essentially by exciting the full wavelength rectangular slot loaded with grounded stubs, symmetrically, with a shorted microstrip line. The final design of the slot antenna arrived with a rigorous parametric study on different dimensional parameters of slot and grounded stub. The measured impedance bandwidth of 22.5% centered around 7 GHz and axial ratio bandwidth of 19% is achieved. An overlapping bandwidth of 17% is achieved where both matching and AR are very good. The measured isolation between the RHCP and LHCP in the above-mentioned elevation ranges is maintained above 10 dB. The simulated and experimental results are matching very well.
关键词： right-handed CP,magnetic currents,Mobile satellite communications,axial ratio,rectangular slot,polarization diversity,left-handed CP,simultaneous dual CP
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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First principles study of electronic structures of Cd0.9375Co0.0625X (X?=?S, Se, Te) for magnetic, optical and thermoelectric device applications
摘要： The present article investigates the structural and electronic properties of Co doped (xCo = 6.25%) CdS/Se/Te diluted magnetic semiconductors to understand the optical and thermoelectric characteristics. The electronic properties, computed by applying generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and then modified Becke Johnson (mBJ) functional, are contrasted to identify the appropriate electronic parameters. The stable ferromagnetic states have been justified to arise due to the p-d hybridization that has been found responsible in inducing magnetic moments at the interstitial and at the non-magnetic sites. The computed direct band gap and the exchange constants (N0α and N0β) have suggested, respectively, the potential optical and spintronic device applications. The studied compounds operate within visible-ultraviolet energy range. The thermoelectric response improves with temperature, while deteriorated due to Co doping. The studied compounds exhibiting various significant physical properties evidence the potential consumption in various technologically important spintronic, optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices.
关键词： Optical properties,Ferromagnetism,Diluted magnetic semiconductors,Thermoelectric properties,mBJ potential
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photoluminescence carbon dot as a sensor for detecting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria: Hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic hollow NiFe2O4-carbon dots nanocomposite material
摘要： The purpose of this research is synthesis of photoluminescence nanoparticles for detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that is feasible for bio medial applications. Carbon nano-templates were prepared from soot by burning of almond as a green precursor. Then NiFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized on the carbon templates. For preparation of hollow structures, the product was calcinated for removing of carbon templates. Finally, carbon dots were synthesized on the hollow nickel ferrite cores by applying ethylene diamine and citric acid. Phase of the products was approved by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) depict the morphology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) probe the grain size and hollow structures of the nickel ferrite, carbon dot and nanocomposites. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy approved the purity of the nanostructures. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and photo-luminescence (PL) spectroscopy confirmed appropriate photo-luminescence under ultraviolet irradiation. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) shows ferromagnetic property of the both hollow NiFe2O4 and nickel ferrite-carbon nanocomposite. This work presents a new nanostructure as green prepared photoluminescence sensor for detecting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, lead and mercury ions. Outcomes confirm decreasing in photoluminescence intensity of the nanocomposite by enhancing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions. Antibacterial effect of NiFe2O4-carbon dot on the degradation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria was also examined.
关键词： Nanostructures,Carbon Dots,Magnetic,Photoluminescence,P. Aeruginosa Bacteria
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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studied with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
摘要： We study the band structure of twinned and detwinned BaFe2As2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The combination of measurements in the ordered and normal states along four high-symmetry momentum directions (Γ/Z-X/Y) enables us to identify the complex reconstructed band structure in the ordered state in great detail. We clearly observe the nematic splitting of the dxz and dyz orbitals as well as folding due to magnetic order with a wave vector of (π, π, π). We are able to assign all observed bands. In particular we suggest an assignment of the electron bands different from previous reports. The high-quality spectra allow us to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the band structure of BaFe2As2.
关键词： band structure,BaFe2As2,angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,magnetic order,nematic splitting
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Radiomic analysis of imaging heterogeneity in tumours and the surrounding parenchyma based on unsupervised decomposition of DCE-MRI for predicting molecular subtypes of breast cancer
摘要： Objectives This study aimed to predict the molecular subtypes of breast cancer via intratumoural and peritumoural radiomic analysis with subregion identification based on the decomposition of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Methods The study included 211 women with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer. We utilised a completely unsupervised convex analysis of mixtures (CAM) method by unmixing dynamic imaging series from heterogeneous tissues. Each tumour and the surrounding parenchyma were thus decomposed into multiple subregions, representing different vascular characterisations, from which radiomic features were extracted. A random forest model was trained and tested using a leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) method to predict breast cancer subtypes. The predictive models from tumoural and peritumoural subregions were fused for classification. Results Tumour and peritumour DCE-MR images were decomposed into three compartments, representing plasma input, fast-flow kinetics, and slow-flow kinetics. The tumour subregion related to fast-flow kinetics showed the best performance among the subregions for differentiating between patients with four molecular subtypes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.832), exhibiting an AUC value significantly (p < 0.0001) higher than that obtained with the entire tumour (AUC = 0.719). When the tumour- and parenchyma-based predictive models were fused, the performance, measured as the AUC, increased to 0.897; this value was significantly higher than that obtained with other tumour partition methods. Conclusions Radiomic analysis of intratumoural and peritumoural heterogeneity based on the decomposition of image time-series signals has the potential to more accurately identify tumour kinetic features and serve as a valuable clinical marker to enhance the prediction of breast cancer subtypes.
关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging,Diagnostic imaging,Breast neoplasms
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Structural diversity, magnetic properties, and luminescent sensing of four coordination polymers based on 6-(3,5-dicarboxylphenyl)nicotinic acid
摘要： Four coordination polymers (CPs), namely, [Ni(HDNA)(bibp)(H2O)]n (1), [Co(HDNA)(bibp)]n (2), {[Co(HDNA)(bibp)]·H2O}n (3) and {[Zn(HDNA)(bibp)]·H2O}n (4), have been synthesized from the mixed-ligand strategy of 6-(3,5-dicarboxylphenyl)nicotinic acid (H3DNA) and 4,4′-bis(benzimidazo-1-ly)benzene (bibp). Structural analyses revealed that four CPs all feature 2D sheets with diverse nets from {44.62}-sql net (1), {Co2(COO)2} SBUs based {44.62}-sql net (2), to 4-connected {65.8} sheet (3 & 4). Besides, the temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibilities of CPs 1-3 were investigated. And the luminescent sensing indicated CP 4 is a good bifunctional sensor for Fe3+ and Cr2O7 2- ions.
关键词： Structural diversity,Coordination polymers,Luminescent sensing,Magnetic property,Polycarboxylic acid ligand
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fraction of Rare-Earth (Sm/Nd)-Lanthanum Ferrite-Based Perovskite Ferroelectric and Magnetic Nanopowders
摘要： Multiferroic compound, especially LaFeO3-based perovskite nanopowders that exhibit robust simultaneous ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity, are widely investigated and applied in different applications. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization pertaining to fraction of rare-earth (Sm/Nd)-substituted lanthanum ferrite based perovskite nanopowders via solid-state technique. The multiferroic phenomenon is the fundamental approach to combine both the ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties in a single system. Reduction in crystallite size, as well as some lattice distortion effects, are included to show the possibilities of tuning the lattice structure, electrical, optical as well as the magnetic properties which are closely connected to the ferroelectric behavior and magnetism. At room temperature, the ferroelectric behavior of La0.9(Sm/Nd)0.1FeO3 exhibiting a P-E hysteresis loop became more and more pronounced, indicating the electrical leakage is greatly reduced. The canted antiferromagnetic hysteresis loop shows that the rare-earth (Sm/Nd) ion can significantly affect the magnetic parameters of the materials.
关键词： Lanthanum ferrite,x-ray diffraction,optical and magnetic properties,solid-state reaction,ferroelectric,UV–Vis spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fascinating Physical Properties of 2D Hybrid Perovskite [(NH3)(CH2)7(NH3)]CuClxBr4?x, x?=?0, 2 and 4
摘要： The 2-D organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites of the formula [(NH3)(CH2)7(NH3)]CuClxBr4?x, x = 0, 2 and 4 were prepared by slow evaporation from ethanolic solution in stoichiometric ratio 1:1 (organic/inorganic). Microchemical analysis and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to confirm the formation of the presently investigated hybrids. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated order–disorder transitions at T1 = 357 K, T2 = 388 K, and T3 = 398 K for x = 0, 2 and 4 of the three heptane diammonium Cu hybrid perovskites, respectively. These transitions are in good agreement with the electrical permittivity results at different frequencies and temperatures. Optical properties and estimated band gap energy reveal that the band gap energy decreases sharply with replacement of Cl ion by Br ion where the band gap energy of [(NH3)(CH2)7(NH3)]CuBr4, x = 0 (denoted 2C7CuBr) is 1.6 eV (brown color) and for [(NH3)(CH2)7(NH3)]CuCl4, x = 4 (denoted 2C7CuCl) is 2.6 eV (yellow color). The differential magnetic susceptibility of 2C7CuBr in the temperature range 80–300 K indicates the effective magnetic moment μeff = 2.05 BM.
关键词： 2D hybrid perovskite,optical properties of halide perovskite,phase transition,magnetic properties of Cu perovskite
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Unidirectional light scattering by up–down Janus dimers composed of gold nanospheres and silicon nanorods
摘要： In this paper, a time-domain finite-difference (FDTD) method is used to simulate the scattering properties of a Janus dimer that a gold nanosphere is putted on the top of a silicon nanorod. We have demonstrated that the Janus dimer exhibits unidirectional scattering in the whole wavelength region of the sunlight. The unidirectionality of the dimer will improve with the height increase of the silicon nanorod and the gap decrease between two adjacent dimers. In our simulation, the forward-to-backward ratio (F/B) of the Janus dimer calculated dividing forward scattering spectra by backward scattering spectra can achieve the maximum of 20 when the height of silicon nanorod is 300 nm. What is more, we have applied the Janus dimers to amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells as antireflection structures. The reflectivity of the solar cells reduces by 39.40% and the short circuit current density improves by 5.04% than those of the reference. Therefore, the Janus dimers has a great application prospect in photovoltaic devices.
关键词： Amorphous silicon solar cells,Janus dimers,Unidirectional scattering,Electric and magnetic dipole resonance
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Influence of the position dependent effective mass on the nonlinear optical properties in semiparabolic and parabolic quantum well with applied magnetic field
摘要： In the current work, the nonlinear optical properties in GaAs/Ga1?xAlxAs semiparabolic and parabolic quantum well(QW) with constant effective mass(CEM) and position dependent effective mass(PDEM) are estimated for different applied magnetic field. In this regard, we have obtained the analytical expressions of the nonlinear rectification(OR), second harmonic generation(SHG), third harmonic generation(THG), optical absorption coefficients(OACs), and refractive index changes(RICs) by using the compact density matrix formalism. Simultaneously, we obtain the reliable energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions via the finite difference method. According to the obtained results, it is found that: (1)the correct inclusion of PDEM is the cause of a noticeable difference in nonlinear optical properties with respect to the use of CEM. (2)the applied magnetic field bear substantial technological importance in the process of nonlinear optical properties modulation.
关键词： Quantum well,Magnetic field,Position dependent effective mass,Optical properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52