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The effects of growth TiO <sub/>2</sub> nanotubes on forged Ti <sub/>6</sub> Al <sub/>4</sub> V alloy and selectivelaser sintered Ti <sub/>6</sub> Al <sub/>4</sub> V alloy surfaces for environment and medical applications
摘要： The paper describes the effect of growth TiO2 nanotubes on titanium surfaces by anodic oxidation for environmental and medical applications. The importance of the metallurgical state of TiAl6V alloy on the growing of TiO2 nanotubes by anodization will be highlighted. Starting from the possibility of obtaining the TiO2 nanotubes, the paper presents results on TiO2 nanotubes grown by electrochemical anodization method, using a solution containing HF 0,4% and having as electrodes, graphite as cathode and titanium alloy specimens obtained by two technologies: by cold plastic deformation as well as by additive manufacturing process SLS, as anode. So, the nanotubes were produced by anodization and analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The aim of this paper is to compare the electrochemical formation of TiO2 on the surface of both specimens knowing that the titanium alloys and its oxides are used in many biomedical and environmental applications, thus providing the importance of nanotubes and the fact that their properties open doors in these fields.
关键词： medical applications,TiO2 nanotubes,environmental applications,anodic oxidation,Ti6Al4V alloy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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High energy proton micro-bunches from a laser plasma accelerator
摘要： Recent advances on laser-driven ion accelerators have sparked an increased interest in such energetic particle sources, particularly towards the viability of their usage in a breadth of applications, such as high energy physics and medical applications. Here, we identify a new ion acceleration mechanism and we demonstrate, via particle-in-cell simulations, for the first time the generation of high energy, monochromatic proton micro-bunches while witnessing the acceleration and self-modulation of the accelerated proton beam in a dual-gas target, consisting of mixed ion species. in the proposed ion acceleration mechanism due to the interaction of an ultra-short, ultra-intense (2 PW, 20 fs) laser pulses with near-critical-density partially ionized plasmas (C & H species), we numerically observed high energy monochromatic proton microbunches of high quality (peak proton energy 350 MeV, laser to proton conversion efficiency ~10?4 and angular divergence <10 degree), which can be of high relevance for medical applications. We envisage that through this scheme, the range of attained energies and the monochromaticity of the accelerated protons can be increased with existing laser facilities or allow for laser-driven ion acceleration investigations to be pursued at moderate energies in smaller scale laser laboratories, hence reducing the size of the accelerators. the use of mixed-gas targets will enable high repetition rate operation of these accelerators, free of plasma debris and electromagnetic pulse disruptions.
关键词： proton micro-bunches,laser-driven ion accelerators,medical applications,particle-in-cell simulations,high energy physics
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Large-area near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes
摘要： The performance of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) has progressed rapidly in recent years, with electroluminescence efficiency now reaching 20%. However, devices, so far, have featured small areas and usually show notable variation in device-to-device performance. Here, we show that the origin of suboptimal device performance stems from inadequate hole injection, and that the use of a hole-transporting polymer with a shallower ionization potential can improve device charge balance, efficiency and reproducibility. Using an ITO/ZnO/PEIE/FAPbI3/poly-TPD/MoO3/Al device structure, we report a 799 nm near-infrared PeLED that operates with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.2%, at a current density of 57 mA cm?2 and a radiance of 57 W sr?1 m?2. The standard deviation in the device EQE is only 1.2%, demonstrating high reproducibility. Large-area devices measuring 900 mm2 operate with a high EQE of 12.1%, and are shown to suit medical applications such as subcutaneous deep-tissue illumination and heart rate monitoring.
关键词： near-infrared,hole injection,medical applications,perovskite light-emitting diodes,large-area
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 11th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP) - Budapest (2018.7.18-2018.7.20)] 2018 11th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP) - Infrared Mobile Transmissions for Smart Indoor Applications
摘要： Optical wireless communication systems has many applications in smart environments, such as visible light-based ones because providing both illumination and downlinks. However, the uplink design remains difficult especially considering mobile transmitters. In this paper, we study an infrared uplink using an optical transmitter in a mobile sensor device that is placed either on a robotic platform, or worn by a person. The infrared channel modelling takes into account line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight links along with blockages linked to human or robot presence. We show the importance of taking into account human body in channel modelling for the evaluation of the results according to the different cases. In addition, we highlight a compromise in the choice of the characteristics of the optical elements between obtaining the best performance and underestimating performance evaluation when taking or not into account the body in the channel modelling. Experiments permits validating theoretical conclusions.
关键词： Line-of Sight,non-Line-of Sight,channel modelling,infrared transmissions,LiFi for medical applications
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Multi-Modality Imaging (Applications and Computational Techniques) || Infrared Thermography
摘要： Infrared thermography (also infrared imaging or thermal imaging) is a new remote, non-contact and non-invasive diagnostic and monitoring technique with increasing relevance in a wide range of medical ?elds. This is mainly due to the several advantages of this technology. Thermal imaging is a passive technique which detects the radiation naturally emitted from an object, in this case the human skin, and does not use any harmful radiation. Thus, infrared thermography (IRT) is suitable for prolonged and repeated use. In the last decades, new medical applications for thermal imaging have arisen. These techniques have been successfully used in the diagnosis of several pathologies, including breast cancer, rheumatic diseases, dry eye syndrome, vascular diseases, etc. Infrared thermography has also demonstrated its potential in the monitoring of several vital signs, including temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood perfusion. Recently, there has been new advance in 3D infrared imaging. A three-dimensional thermal signature may provide several advantages in the detection and monitoring of the course of several pathologies including arthritis, thyroid dysfunctions, breast cancer, sports lesions, and diabetic foot. The current chapter focuses on advances in the area of medical IRT. First, it reviews the basics of IRT and essential theoretical background. Second, some medical applications and corresponding methods are described in detail. Third, it gives an overview on the recent advances on “3D Infrared Thermography”.
关键词： 3D infrared thermography,Infrared thermography,Diagnostic,Monitoring,Medical applications
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) - Rome, Italy (2018.6.11-2018.6.13)] 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) - Feasibility of Photoplethysmography Imaging of the Sole of the Foot
摘要： In photoplethysmography imaging the blood volume pulse is extracted from subtle skin color variations recorded with a camera. In most works, the camera is oriented towards the face or the palm of the hand. Recently, it has been shown that applying contact force to the skin, e.g. through contact with a glass plate, increases signal strength. However, this approach is prohibitive for the face and there are applications where the hands are not accessible. In this paper, we address this issue by applying photoplethysmography imaging to the sole of the foot, which is placed on a glass plate and exposed to controlled illumination. We investigate (1) whether this setup acquires signals with an adequate signal-to-noise ratio and (2) whether the feet can be used as a replacement for the more commonly used hands. Additionally, we analyze (3) whether using a carefully selected pixel subset instead of all pixels improves signal-to-noise ratio. We report on experimental data from N=21 healthy subjects that we make publicly available1. We applied photoplethysmography imaging to the sole of the foot and the palm of the hand and used a commercial ?nger photoplethysmography unit as ground truth. It is problematic that there is no established best practice for signal-to-noise estimation in PPGi research; hence we use ?ve different metrics with three from literature. Additionally, we compare the agreement of these metrics using the experimental data. Our results show that (1) the proposed setup acquires signals with an adequate signal-to-noise ratio, (2) using all pixels from foot videos results in slightly inferior performance compared to the hand, but (3) using pixel subsets improves signal quality at the foot to the level of the hand. These results pave the way for the development of a photoplethysmography imaging setup applied at the sole of the foot for different medical applications.
关键词： photoplethysmography imaging,blood volume pulse,signal-to-noise ratio,medical applications,pixel subset
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[Institution of Engineering and Technology 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018) - London, UK (9-13 April 2018)] 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018) - New Wideband Wearable Notch Antennas for Energy Harvesting Applications
摘要： Wide band efficient wearable antennas are crucial for energy harvesting wearable systems. Notch and Slot antennas are low profile and low cost and may be employed in energy harvesting wearable systems. The efficiency of energy harvesting wearable systems may be improved by using active wearable notch and slot antennas. Small printed antennas suffer from low efficiency. Amplifiers may be connected to the wearable antenna feed line to increase the system dynamic range. Novel active wearable antennas for energy harvesting applications are presented in this paper. The notch antennas bandwidth is from 50% to 100% with VSWR better than 3:1. The notch antenna gain is around 3dBi with efficiency higher than 90%. The antennas electrical parameters was computed in vicinity of the human body. The active antenna gain is 24+2.5dB for frequencies ranging from 200MHz to 900MHz. The active antenna gain is 12.5+2.5dB for frequencies ranging from 1GHz to 3GHz. The active notch antenna Noise Figure is 0.5+0.3dB for frequencies ranging from 200MHz to 3.3GHz.
关键词： Active antennas,Medical applications,Notch antennas
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14