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ZnO nanorods array as light absorption antenna for high-gain UV photodetectors
摘要： Hydrothermal method provides the advantages of simple, low-temperature growth conditions, low cost and large surface areas for the samples. Also, exciton dissociation can be enhanced by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) due to the plasmonic absorption enhancement of incident light. In this paper, high-gain ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors based on vertically aligned ZnO nanorods (ZnO-NRs) array as light absorption antenna were presented, in which ZnO-NRs array was prepared by hydrothermal method. Our experimental data showed that the device performance of the UV photodetector Au/ZnO(ZnO-NRs:Au-NPs)/Au can be further enhanced after the gaps of ZnO-NRs array were filled with Au nanoparticles (Au-NPs). The photo-to-dark current ratio and the specific detectivity of the UV photodetector Au/ZnO(ZnO-NRs:Au-NPs)/Au reached to 1×105 and 1.84×1013 Jones at 2 V under 100 μW/cm2 365 nm illumination, respectively. The physical mechanism for the enhanced performance of the UV photodetectors is discussed.
关键词： Surface plasmon resonance (SPR),ZnO nanorods (ZnO-NRs) array,Ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors,Hydrothermal method,Schottky contact
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Charge Transport between Coaxial Polymer Nanorods and Grafted All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals for Hybrid Organic Solar Cells with Enhanced Photoconversion Efficiency
摘要： The versatile optoelectronics properties of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have provided a strong surge for their utilization in different classes of solar cells, organic photovoltaic (OPV) systems being no exception. In an unprecedented approach, a hybrid solar cell with CsPbBr1.5I1.5 NCs strategically grafted on poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) nanorods (NRs) is shown to have a photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.72 ± 0.4 %, with only 1.5 wt% NCs. The improvement is twice more than the P3HT:PCBM reference devices (4.09 ± 0.2 %). The choice of NC composition is validated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations which show decent charge carrier mobility in CsPbBr1.5I1.5, besides having better stability than CsPbI3, making CsPbBr1.5I1.5 NCs suitable contender for hybrid device architecture. A trivial blending of the NCs in P3HT:PCBM matrix results in their non-uniform distribution, escalating charge carrier trapping, albeit maintaining a device efficiency of 8.07 ± 0.3 % with 1 wt% NCs. Uniform NC grafting is propitious over inhomogeneous blending since CsPbBr1.5I1.5 NCs not only act as additional light harvesters, but their chemical grafting onto the P3HT NRs improves the charge transport by creating better charge percolation pathways. The higher crystallinity of the P3HT NRs than P3HT also helps in reducing the trap states.
关键词： P3HT nanorods,charge transport,perovskite nanocrystals,photoconversion efficiency,hybrid solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Carbon@Tellurium Nanostructures Anchored to a Si Nanowire Scaffold with an Unprecedented Liquid-Junction Solar Cell Performance
摘要： Silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays offer a range of exciting opportunities, from maximizing solar spectrum utilization for high-performance liquid-junction solar cells (LJSCs) to functioning as potential micro-supercapacitors in the near future. This work, contrasting strongly with the previously reported studies on SiNW-based LJSCs where electron-conducting nanoparticles of Pt or Au were employed to achieve high efficiencies, aims at tethering relatively inexpensive, hole-conducting, and photoresponsive carbon-coated tellurium nanorods (C@TeNRs) to SiNWs in the quest to achieve an outstanding solar cell performance. A SiNW LJSC (control cell) with a SiNWs/Br?, Br2/carbon-fabric architecture delivers a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.8%. Further, by anchoring C@TeNRs, along the lengths of SiNWs via electrophoresis, a PCE of ～11.6% is attained for a C@TeNRs@SiNWs/Br?, Br2/carbon-fabric-based LJSC. The multifunctionality of C@Te comes to the fore in this cell where (1) the p-type (hole) conducting nature of C@Te ensures efficient charge separation by rapidly collecting holes from SiNWs (and suppresses recombination), (2) the C@TeNRs are also photoresponsive and increase light-harvesting, and (3) the C coating restricts the chemical corrosion and photo-oxidation of SiNWs and the Te core by the acidic electrolyte, thereby improving the cell’s operational lifetime. This LJSC also serves as an effective stand-alone energy-storage device giving an improved areal specific capacitance of 1605 μF cm?2 (at 1 mA cm?2). This study unravels the pivotal role played by C@TeNRs in controlling the performance of SiNW-based LJSCs.
关键词： tellurium nanorods,solar cell,liquid junction,high efficiency,silicon nanowires
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Dumbbell–Like Silica Coated Gold Nanorods and their Plasmonic Properties
摘要： Silica coated gold nanorods with dumbbell-like morphology allowing dual functionalization in an individual nanostructure have attracted great attention for applications such as sensing and biological imaging. We report a detailed study on the feasibility of controlling the morphology of silica coating on gold nanorods. The morphology of the silica shell can be either cylindrical or dumbbell shaped. The morphology of the silica shell can be either cylindrical or dumbbell shaped. With constant GNR concentration, the ratio of CTAB and TEOS concentration is the key to determine the amount of available TEOS for silica deposition on GNR since the TEOS will diffuse towards the surface of GNRs. The effect of morphologies on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance was also investigated and we found that the dumbbell morphology of silica coated gold nanorods has the most significant SERS enhancement. Our study is significant in terms of the capability to control the dumbbell morphology of silica coated gold nanorods, which can eventually broaden the application of these plasmonic nanomaterials.
关键词： SERS,TEOS,plasmonic properties,dumbbell-like morphology,CTAB,Silica coated gold nanorods
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Three-dimensional ZnO nanorods growth on ZnO nanorods seed layer for high responsivity UV photodetector
摘要： Three-dimensional ZnO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized by hydrothermal method on ZnO seed layer including horizontal ZnO NRs. The ZnO seed layers consist of different values of NRs were synthesized by spin-coating. The different seed layers and ZnO nanorods arrays were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction. Horizontally dispersed NRs on the substrate formed an overlapping junction structure into seed layer as ZnO NRs network. NRs grown on the seed layer including horizontal NRs were oriented in different directions to form three-dimensional ZnO NRs in flower shape. The electrical resistance of sensors based NRs array decreased dramatically with increasing NRs added to ZnO seed layer. Results show that ultraviolet photocurrent increased from 1.7 to 23 μA which is suitable for fabrication of practical photodevices.
关键词： UV photodetector,ZnO nanorods,seed layer,photocurrent,hydrothermal method
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Nanoline-gap controlled self assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles inside plasmonic nanolines
摘要： This paper presents plasmonic substrates fabricated by a gap-controlled, template-assisted self assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles ? such as spherical nanoparticles and nanorods ? inside one dimensional plasmonic nanoline templates fabricated using Deep-UV lithography. This hybrid fabrication process ? which combines the bottom-up process of capillary-force self assembly with the top-down process of Deep-UV lithography ? can potentially be employed for large-area fabrication (6 inch or 12 inch wafers) of plasmonic substrates with sub-10 nm gaps. These small gaps lead to a high electromagnetic enhancement which can be highly beneficial if these substrates are employed for sensing based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We demonstrate that the templates of plasmonic nanolines act as lithographed traps and direct the capillary-force assembly of metallic nanoparticles. The gaps between the nanolines, along with the shape and dimensions of the nanoparticles, together determine the interparticle distance, packing pattern and the orientation of the assembled nanoparticles inside these nanolines. Moreover, the electromagnetic behavior of these substrates is exhaustively analyzed using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) modeling. Thus, we demonstrate template-directed, capillary-force assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles inside plasmonic nanolines such that the assembly can be controlled by modulating the structural parameters of the template or the assembled nanoparticles, and can be potentially carried out on a large area.
关键词： self-assembly,nanoparticles,nanorods,plasmonics,template-directed assembly
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Photoluminescence Enhancement of Perovskite CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots by Plasmonic Au Nanorods
摘要： Plasmonic Au nanorods/CsPbBr3 quantum dots film has been prepared via spin-coating. It is found that photoluminescence intensity of Au nanorods/CsPbBr3 quantum dots film exhibits 2-fold enhancement compared with pristine CsPbBr3 quantum dots film. Time-resolved photoluminescence decay curves show that the lifetime of CsPbBr3 quantum dots film decreases from 6.15 ns to 4.78 ns after combining with Au nanorods. The finite-difference time-domain simulation indicates that Au nanorods arouse a localized surface plasmon resonance around 500 nm, which enhances the emission intensity of CsPbBr3 quantum dots film.
关键词： CsPbBr3 Quantum Dot,Photoluminescence,Local Surface Plasmon Resonance,Au Nanorods
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Effects of precursor concentration on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods as electron transporting layer in perovskite solar cells
摘要： Electron transporting later (ETL) with nanorod structure provides a special passage for which free electrons can easily travel through the layer. ETL also helps to prevent the recombination and to enhance the attaching ability of the perovskite layer and thus improving the conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell. In this work, the investigation on the hydrothermal process of n-type ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) layer is carried out at the temperature below 100 oC and under the atmospheric pressure. Four concentrations of aqueous precursor solution consisting of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine are used in the experiment (25 mM, 50 mM, 75 mM and 100 mM). Subsequently, the perovskite solar cells, with normal structure of FTO- glass/ZnO dense layer/ZnO NRs/PCBM/Perovskite/P3HT/Ag, are fabricated. The optimum power conversion efficiency of 2.26% was obtained from the device prepared with 100 mM precursor solution. The concentration of solution used in the hydrothermal process affects the size and density of ZnO NRs and, in turn, affects the conversion efficiency of the cells.
关键词： concentrations,hydrothermal process,normal structure,perovskite solar cells,ZnO nanorods
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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TiO2 Coated ZnO Nanorods by Mist Chemical Vapor Deposition for Application as Photoanodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： In this study, a mist chemical vapor deposition method was applied to create a coating of titanium dioxide particles in order to fabricate ZnO/TiO2 core–shell nanostructures. The thin layers of titanium dioxide on the zinc oxide nanorods were uniform and con?rmed as pure anatase phase. The morphological, structural, optical and photoluminescence properties of the ZnO/TiO2 core–shell structures were in?uenced by coating time. For instance, the crystallinity of the titanium dioxide increased in accordance with an increase in the duration of the coating time. Additionally, the thickness of the titanium dioxide layer gradually increased with the coating time, resulting in an increased surface area. The transmittance of the arrayed ZnO/TiO2 core–shell structures was 65% after 15 min of coating. The obtained ZnO/TiO2 core–shell nanostructures demonstrated high potentiality to serve as photoanodes for application in dye-sensitized solar cells.
关键词： chemical bath deposition,titanium dioxide,core–shell nanorods,mist chemical vapor deposition,zinc oxide
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Plasmonic Metamaterial Gels with Spatially Patterned Orientational Order via 3D Printing
摘要： Optical properties can be programmed on mesoscopic scales by patterning host materials while ordering their nanoparticle inclusions. While liquid crystals are often used to define the ordering of nanoparticles dispersed within them, this approach is typically limited to liquid crystals confined in classic geometries. In this work, the orientational order that liquid crystalline colloidal hosts impose on anisotropic nanoparticle inclusions is combined with an additive manufacturing method that enables engineered, macroscopic three-dimensional (3D) patterns of co-aligned gold nanorods and cellulose nanocrystals. These gels exhibit polarization-dependent plasmonic properties that emerge from the unique interaction between the host medium’s anisotropic optical properties defined by orientationally ordered cellulose nanocrystals, from the liquid crystal’s gold nanorod inclusions, and from the complexity of spatial patterns accessed with 3D printing. The gels’ optical properties that are defined by the interplay of these effects are tuned by controlling the gels’ order, which is tuned by adjusting the gels’ cellulose nanocrystal concentrations. Lithe optical responsiveness of these composite gels to polarized radiation may enable unique technological applications like polarization-sensitive optical elements.
关键词： liquid crystals,optical properties,nanoparticles,plasmonic properties,cellulose nanocrystals,gold nanorods,3D printing
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22