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Utilization of poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) doped polyaniline as a hole transport layer of organic solar cell for indoor applications
摘要： The demand for low dimensional, micro powered and wireless indoor electronic devices has been increasing. To power-up those devices, organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells are being employed. The OPV cells exhibit good spectral matching and mechanical ?exibility, and can harvest arti?cial indoor light energy e?ciently. Hole transport layer (HTL) is an important component of an OPV cell. Water stable, low temperature processable poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene): poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) based HTL is commonly used in the indoor OPV cells. However, strongly acidic, highly hydrophilic and expensive PEDOT:PSS resulted in the development of cheaper, mildly acidic and less humidity sensitive alternative hole transport material (HTM) for the indoor OPV cells. Here, we utilized an economical and low acidic, water-stable PSS doped polyaniline (PANI) as HTM for a poly (3-hexylthiophene): [6, 6]-indene-C60 bisadduct (P3HT:ICBA) active material-based indoor OPV cell. The ?lm formed by chemically synthesized PANI:PSS exhibited over 90% transmittance and approximately 5.15 eV work function value. The OPV device exhibited higher shunt resistance and greater power conversion e?ciency (PCE) during the operation in an indoor environment. For 1000 Lux white LED light, the device showed around 10% PCE. Furthermore, the device exhibited better stability than PEDOT:PSS HTL based indoor OPV.
关键词： Indoor application,Organic solar cell,Hole transport layer,Poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) doped polyaniline
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Self-assembled bulk heterojunctions from integral molecules with nonconjugately linked donor and acceptor units for photovoltaic applications
摘要： The bi-continuous interpenetrating network of donor/acceptor with suitable phase-separated domain size is crucial for highly efficient organic bulk heterojunction solar cells considering that it guarantees effective exciton dissociation and smooth charge transport. For traditional binary blend bulk heterojunction, the photoactive layer is a simple physical mixture of donor and acceptor, the size of phase separation is primarily determined by the aggregation characteristics of the donor and acceptor respectively, it is hard to control and stabilize. To solve this problem, a kind of donor-acceptor integral molecule with donor units and acceptor units linked by non-conjugated flexible linking units has been proposed. The energy levels and the absorption spectra of the integral molecules can be easily tailed by tuning the donor and the acceptor units. Furthermore, the integral molecules can form a microphase separated bulk heterojunction of donor phase and acceptor phase through a self-assembly process of the molecule, which is governed by the flexible linking unit, responsible for connecting the donor and acceptor units. Since the donor and acceptor units of the integral molecules are connected by the non-conjugated units, the scale of aggregation and the morphology stability could be easily controlled. In this review, we first introduce the unique characteristics of the three typical donor-acceptor integral molecules and then highlight their current developments. For each donor-acceptor molecule, we attempt to give a detailed summarization on their design and synthesis, and an in-depth understanding on the basic mechanism of molecular self-assembly and the performance comparison of SMSCs. In the end, the prospect and potential improvements of donor-acceptor integral molecule are addressed, and we believe that emerging donor-acceptor molecule provide great opportunities for efficient and stable organic solar cells.
关键词： double-cable polymer,self-assembly,donor-acceptor integral molecule,donor-acceptor small molecule,single material organic solar cell,block copolymer
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Efficient Cathode Interfacial Materials Based on Triazine/Phosphine Oxide for Conventional and Inverted Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Cathode interfacial layers (CIL) have been applied in organic solar cells (OSCs) for the enhancement of photovoltaic characteristics. Most of them are employed in either conventional organic solar cells (COSCs) or inverted organic solar cells (IOSCs) only. Herein, we have designed and synthesized two cathode interfacial materials, namely, 3-(4,6-bis(4-bromophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-2,6-difluorophenyl)diphenylphosphine oxide (Br-PO-TAZ) and 4,4'-((6-(3-(diphenylphosphoryl)-2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(oxy))dibenzonitrile (CN-PO-TAZ), and utilized them as CILs for both COSCs and IOSCs. The incorporation of our new CIL layers significantly enhanced the photovoltaic performance compared to COSCs and IOSCs without the CILs. The CN-PO-TAZ exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.19% for COSCs and 8.33% for IOSCs, whereas Br-PO-TAZ yielded a PCE of 8.15% for COSCs and 8.23% for IOSCs, respectively. The improved performance was attributed to the multiple favorable factors: significantly reducing leakage current, decreasing series resistance, suppressing recombination, efficient charge transport and collection. Moreover, the CIL layers helped for sustaining device stability because they served as an internal shield against humidity.
关键词： cathode interfacial layers,organic solar cell,conventional/inverted,triazine/phosphine oxide unit,stability
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 1st International Conference on Advances in Science, Engineering and Robotics Technology (ICASERT) - Dhaka, Bangladesh (2019.5.3-2019.5.5)] 2019 1st International Conference on Advances in Science, Engineering and Robotics Technology (ICASERT) - Layer thickness effect on power conversion efficiency of a P <sub/>3</sub> HT:PCBM based organicsolar cell
摘要： In recent years Organic Solar Cells have become a prominent topic of research to achieve an optimum efficiency at low cost. By using the GPVDM software on this paper, we have analyzed the power conversion efficiency, changing simultaneously both the polymers and blending layer thickness of P3HT:PCBM based solar cell. Our main goal is to find which layer change keeps the power conversion efficiency output better. After comparing them, the result shows that setting the active layer (P3HT:PCBM) in an optimum layer thickness and varying the polymer (PEDOT:PSS) gives a better output of PCE. In our paper, from the data in both cases, The highest efficiency is 4.50 percent where P3HT:PCBM thickness is 2.2×10-7 m and PEDOT:PSS layer thickness is 1×10-7 m.
关键词： PEDOT:PSS,Organic solar cell,polymer layer,blending layer,active layer,PCE,P3HT:PCBM
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Fabrication of Spray-Coated Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells
摘要： We investigated a promising, low-cost method for fabrication of semitransparent organic solar cells by mass production. The active layer of the organic solar cells was added by spray coating with a dual action airbrush. The solution for the active layer was prepared from a rigorously blended poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and (6,6)-Phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and the surface morphology of the spray-coated active layer depending on the concentration of the P3HT and PCBM was investigated. The semitransparency achieved, came from the use of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the conductive polymer electrode. For comparison, spin-coated solar cells were also fabricated. Power-conversion efficiency and transparency was achieved from the lower cost spray-coating method that was comparable to those by the traditional spin-coating method. The best spray-coated solar cell exhibited power-conversion efficiency of 1.9% (average or 1.7%) while the best spin-coated solar cell was 2.0% (average of 1.6%), when both were measured under the AM1.5G spectrum 100 mW/cm2 light. Transmittance of the spray-coated solar cell was 52.2% while that of the spin-coated solar cell was 51.2%.
关键词： semitransparent,conductive polymer,Spray-coating,inverted,organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Application of Intramolecular Singlet Fission in Photovoltaics: Control over Multiexciton Generation and Triplet–Triplet Annihilation
摘要： Singlet ?ssion (SF) is the spin-allowed photophysical conversion of a high-energy singlet exciton into two independent triplets. This intriguing phenomenon was suggested in 1965 to explain delayed ?uorescence in anthracene crystals. After nearly 50 years, Hanna and Nozik realized that SF could be used to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit imposed on photovoltaics by reducing thermally wasted excessive energy. While there has been controversy over the details of the SF mechanism, it is widely accepted that a singlet exciton [S1] evolves into a spin-entangled coupled double-triplet [1(TT)], followed by dissociation into two independent triplets [T1 + T1 or 2 × T1]. The strategy to harvest electrons generated from SF depends on the type of chromophore and the electronic state of interest. There are two types of SF chromophore depending on the number of molecules involved in the SF process: intermolecular SF (xSF), where at least two chromophores participate in SF, and intramolecular SF (iSF), where SF occurs within a single chromophore. iSF chromophores have some advantages over xSF ones, such as independence of morphology/packing structure and easily tunable coupling. Numerous multichromophore systems such as biacene and quinoidal oligomers have been synthesized and suggested as iSF materials. In terms of target electronic states, there are two electron-donor candidates after one singlet exciton undergoes SF: 1(TT) and 2 × T1. Independent triplets which are present for ~μs timescales could travel longer and have a higher chance of reaching the donor–acceptor junction than singlet exciton. However, disentanglement of a bound correlated double-triplet requires further energy, resulting in retardation in SF and loss of a non-negligible number of excitons.
关键词： Quantum chemical simulation,Multielectron transfer,Organic solar cell,Singlet ?ssion
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Nara, Japan (2019.5.19-2019.5.23)] 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Improvement of External Quantum Efficiency of C <sub/>60</sub> /ZnPc Organic Photovoltaic Cells by Polymerization between C <sub/>60</sub> molecules
摘要： We have found that the external quantum efficiency of C60/ZnPc hetero-junction organic photovoltaics are improved by photo-induced polymerization between C60 molecules.
关键词： Fullerene,Organic Solar Cell,Energy Harvesting,Polymerization
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Study of p-type doping effect on P3HT: ICBA based organic photovoltaic solar cell performance
摘要： In this work, we present a simulation study for p-type doping effect on the performance of a photovoltaic organic solar cell based on P3HT: ICBA. Thus, numerical simulations are investigated on ITO/PEDOT: PSS /P3HT: PCBM/Ca/Al structure with AMPS-1D (Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures the simulation one dimension) software. Indeed, the p-type doping is considered as an original approach for the efficiency improvement of the organic solar cell. However, we noticed that this improvement is only valid for the active layer devices characterized by hole mobility μp less than 1E-3cm2V-1s-1. Furthermore, an efficiency peak of 5.856% is obtained for doping density of 1E17cm-3 corresponding to an improvement of 25.9%. Moreover, the obtained results remain in good agreement with those experimentally reported in literature.
关键词： hole mobility,efficiency,p-type doping,P3HT: ICBA,AMPS-1D,organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Effect of Substrate Temperature on Twin Donor Layer Organic Solar Cell
摘要： The growth mechanism of the active layers of twin donor layer organic solar cell based on zinc and copper phthalocyanine materials at different substrate temperature and its influence on the device performance has been investigated. AFM measurements show the variation of morphology of the thin films with different substrate temperature. Devices with active twin layer deposited in 150 ?C are found to have the highest short circuit current 1.26 mAcm-2 and show the highest efficiency 0.2%. The other electrical characteristics of the as fabricated devices were obtained by investigating the current–density (J-V) curve, the fill factor (FF) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis.
关键词： Copper phthalocyanine,Organic solar cell,Twin donor layer,Zinc phthalocyanine
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Performance enhancement of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells using photon upconverter
摘要： In this article, we show that significant performance enhancement can be obtained by incorporating a photo upconverter layer in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ OSCs). We systematically optimize the photon upconversion process for P3HT:PCBM, PSBTBT:PCBM, PBDTTT-C:PCBM and PTB7-Th:PCBM based BHJ OSCs using a simple numerical model followed by optoelectronic simulations. After verifying the integrated model of upconversion with experimental reports, we analyze each type of BHJ OSC incorporating photon upconversion layer having optimized spectral characteristics and estimate efficiency enhancement of ~30.8% (4.55% → 5.95%), ~24.3% (5.02% → 6.24%), ~28.9% (6.35% → 8.19%) and ~16.9% (10.55% → 12.34%) for P3HT:PCBM, PSBTBT:PCBM, PBDTTT-C:PCBM and PTB7-Th:PCBM based OSCs, respectively. We then show that effect of photon upconversion and localized surface plasmon resonance on the best performing OSC material considered in this work i.e. PTB7-Th:PCBM, is non-linear and predict a performance boost of mere ~2.3% (12.32% → 12.62%) from additional effort (due to plasmon resonance). Finally, we discuss possibility of extending the efficiency of PTB7-Th:PCBM based BHJ OSC beyond 16% using concentrated sunlight and a practically realizable upconverter layer.
关键词： Organic solar cell,Photon upconversion,Bulk heterojunction,Concentrated sunlight
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52