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ZnO nanospheres based simple hydrothermal route for photocatalytic degradation of azo dye
摘要： This novel work presents a promising application to use Zinc oxide nanospheres as nanocatalysts in photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye. The hydrothermal route was utilized in the synthesis process of ZnO nanospheres. The size of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles is around 200-250 nm diameter. The synthesized nano-oxides were characterized utilizing several instruments such as X-ray diffraction, Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The resulting nanoparticles are utilized as an efficient tool for degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye under UV radiation. Essential parameters were studied on degradation process involving the initial concentration of MO, pH, stirring the solution, dose of the ZnO nanospheres, the oxygen content of the solution, calcination of the nanomaterials. All activity experiments under UV radiation provide excellent results for the degradation process of MO. Also, the recovery of ZnO nanomaterials was investigated based on the photocatalytic process efficiency. The results show the high possibility of reuse ZnO nanospheres for several photocatalytic processes. Also, the nanocatalysts were applied for a real environmental sample with providing high photocatalytic performance.
关键词： methyl orange,ZnO nanospheres,photocatalytic degradation,hydrothermal method,azo dyes
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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ZnO/Ag–Ag2O microstructures for high-performance photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants
摘要： Organic pollutants cause serious impacts on environment. A novel method to synthesize ZnO/Ag–Ag2O microstructures was developed for organic pollutant photocatalytic degradation. The 3D pompon-like Zn(OH)1.68(SO4)0.16·0.58H2O microspheres were firstly synthesized in a creative way by combining reaction in ethanol/water mixing layer and room-temperature self-assembly together. The length of nanosheets on Zn(OH)1.68(SO4)0.16·0.58H2O microspheres was controlled from ~ 0.8 to ~ 4.4 μm successfully. The method reduced both the processing temperature and reaction time compared with conventional ripening, which shortened catalysts’ production cycle, reduced production cost and simplified production condition. It holds great potential for industrial application. As traditional nanocatalysts are not easy to recycle and the residual nanocatalysts are also potential danger to the environment, our microsized ZnO/Ag–Ag2O photocatalysts inherit advantages of both nanoparticles and microspheres with enhanced removal efficiency and excellent recycle ability. Ag–Ag2O nanoparticles in ZnO/Ag–Ag2O microstructures were used to enhance the photocatalytic performance. 83.2% and 96.3% degradation efficiencies of Congo red were achieved by pure ZnO and ZnO/Ag–Ag2O microstructures after 80 min irradiation by UV light. 78.2% and 95.6% degradation efficiencies of methylene blue were achieved by pure ZnO and ZnO/Ag–Ag2O after 40 min under UV radiation. The degradation rate constants by ZnO/Ag–Ag2O microstructures are 0.04056 min?1 for Congo red and 0.07629 min?1 for methylene blue respectively. The ZnO/Ag–Ag2O photocatalyst showed excellent stability and reusability, since it was reused at least 5 times without any extra treatment. The ZnO/Ag–Ag2O microstructures may hold potential for organic pollutant treatments.
关键词： Photocatalytic degradation,Congo red,Self-assembly,3D pompon-like ZnO,ZnO/Ag–Ag2O microstructures
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Preparation of activated carbon nanotube foams loaded with Ag-doped TiO2 for highly efficient photocatalytic degradation under UV and visible light
摘要： Titanium oxide (TiO2) has been widely investigated as a photocatalytic material for degradation of organic pollutant in waste water. However, nanosized granular TiO2 nanoparticles are hard to be recycled and re-utilized in water and many cause secondary pollution of water. Hence, we constructed a foam-like photocatalyst, which was composed of carbonaceous support: activated carbon nanotube foams and Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles through a method of a template synthesis and carbonization strategy. The as-prepared photocatalyst evidenced to be hierarchical macroporous and mesoporous and exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine under UV and visible light. The structure characterization and photocatalytic performance investigation confirmed that the enhanced photoresponse was attributed to the high efficiency of charge separation and the surface plasmon resonance effect of metallic Ag. The adsorption synergetic effect of the hierarchical porous structure also played an important role in photodegradation. The as-prepared photocatalyst showed great potential in the treatment of waste water containing organic pollutant.
关键词： Ag-doped TiO2,Photocatalytic degradation,Activated carbon nanotube foams,Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine,UV and visible light
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Ion Sources - Geneva, Switzerland (15–20 September 2017)] - The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using graphene oxide (GO)/ZnO nanodrums
摘要： The nanocomposites of GO/ZnO nanodrums were successfully synthesized and applied for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. GO was synthesized by Hummer method and ZnO nanodrums was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Characterization of GO and ZnO nanodrums was performed using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red). GO/ZnO nanodrums was mixed of GO and ZnO with various composition. The variation of GO/ZnO nanodrums was 1: 0; 1: 1, and 1: 2 (w/w) in distilled water. This composite was then carried out in photocatalyst degradation process of Methylene Blue. XRD of GO showed that graphene oxide has been formed with good crystallinity. The obtained morphology showed that regular arranged sheets/layer has been formed. The peak of GO showed in UV region and from the FTIR data indicated absorption at 3500 cm-1 which is O-H uptake. In graphene oxide, OH groups act in photocatalytic activity. ZnO nanodrums showed 3 dominant peak in the 2θ= 30-40°. This showed that ZnO had high crystallinity with crystallite size was 43.46 nm. The morphology of ZnO was nanodrums and it had peak UV at 369 nm. The result of the composite GO/ZnO nanodrums was applied in the photocatalytic of methylene blue with several variations. Photodegradation of methylene blue showed the increasing photocatalytic degradation by GO addition. GO/ZnO nanodrums could degrade methylene blue reach 94.05% during 1 hours contact time and under 254 nm of UV radiation.
关键词： ZnO nanodrums,Graphene Oxide,methylene blue,photocatalytic degradation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Rational Design of Graphic Carbon Nitride Copolymers by Molecular Doping for Visible-Light-Driven Degradation of Aqueous Sulfamethazine and Hydrogen Evolution
摘要： Carbon nitride is a promising metal-free visible light driven photocatalyst and sustainable material for address contaminant pollution and water splitting. However, the insufficient visible light absorption and fast charge recombination of carbon nitride have limited its practical application. Herein, the self-assembly carbon nitride (denoted as TCN) by molecular doping copolymerization of urea and 2-thiobarbitucid acid (TA) was prepared. XPS and elemental analytical results indicated that TA was doped in the framework of carbon nitride successfully. The self-assembly copolymerization would result in the change of morphology, intrinsic electron and band structure of carbon nitride. Theoretical calculations and experiments confirm that the band gap of TCN could be adjusted by changing the amount of 2-thiobarbitucid acid. Moreover, the efficiency of charge carrier transfer and separation was greatly enhanced. As a result, the optimized photocatalyst TCN-0.03 exhibited superior activity with a high reaction rate of 0.058 min-1 for the degradation of sulfamethazine under visible light irradiation, which is 4.2 times higher than that of urea based carbon nitride (U-CN). As a multifunctional photocatalyst, TCN-0.03 showed enhanced activity for hydrogen production (55 μmol h-1), which was 11 times higher than U-CN. The apparent quantum efficiency reached to 4.8% at 420 nm. A possible mechanism was proposed to explain the photocatalytic reaction process. This work provides insight into the rational design of modified carbon nitride by other organic monomers copolymerization to enhance the photocatalytic activity.
关键词： Photocatalytic degradation,Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,Carbon nitride,Charge carriers transfer,Molecular doping copolymerization
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Photocatalytic activity of Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> prepared using a mist-solution precipitation method
摘要： Ag3PO4 was synthesized using a mist-solution precipitation method. The Ag+ mist generated by ultrasonic piezoelectric disk transferred in a flow of air to react with a solution of Na2HPO4. When the reaction temperature was increased from 30 °C to 85 °C, the particle size and crystallinity of the obtained Ag3PO4 also increased. The Ag3PO4 prepared at 70 °C showed the best degradation rate of 0.117 min-1 under light emitting diode irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was studied as a function of the photocatalyst loading, the initial MB concentration, the light intensity, and the initial pH. The results of the recycling test showed that the Ag3PO4 prepared at high reaction temperature had relatively better resistance to photocorrosion than the Ag3PO4 prepared at low reaction temperature.
关键词： photocatalytic degradation,mist-solution precipitation,methylene blue,Ag3PO4
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Gallium Oxide || Ga2O3-photoassisted decomposition of insecticides
摘要： Recent years have witnessed an ever increase in the production of many insecticides that contain fluorine and/or trifluoromethyl groups [1]. These fluorinated chemicals have excellent physicochemical characteristics such as, adsorption, hydrophobicity, thermal chemical stability, and bioactivity [2]. Accordingly, they have attracted intense investigations and have been applied in various fields [3]. Reports have appeared regarding contamination of common insecticides, health risks, and pollutant-treatment systems. However, scant research is being carried out on the decomposition of fluorinated substances. The perfluorinated chemicals such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and the perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) surfactant were produced by DuPont in the United States in 1947. Seven decades have elapsed since their developments [4]. PFOA and PFOS have also been used in firefighting water sprays in great amounts resulting in the worldwide contamination of aquatic environments. Because the quantities used were low in the beginning, people failed to recognize the potential hazards of these perfluorinated chemicals. Yet recently the production has increased considerably with its inevitable serious ecological and environmental results caused by the use of these fluorinated chemicals.
关键词： photocatalytic degradation,wastewater treatment,fluorinated chemicals,Ga2O3,insecticides
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Oxygen Vacancy-Rich Ultrathin Sulfur-Doped Bismuth Oxybromide Nanosheet as a Highly Efficient Visible-Light Responsive Photocatalyst for Environmental Remediation
摘要： Designing ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) defective materials and metal-free doped materials as photocatalysts both have received enormous attentions in the field of environmental remediation due to their great potential for removing colorless contaminants. However, whether the synergism of defects and metal-free doping exists and the corresponding oxidative mechanism is unclear, which retard further developments of high performance catalysts. Here, a novel oxygen vacancy (OV)-rich ultrathin sulfur-doped BiOBr nanosheet (BB-xS) was synthesized through a facile one-step solvothermal method. Under visible light irradiation, the optimal BB-5S sample exhibited 98% degradation efficiency of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) within 120min, which was 4.9 and 18.0 times greater than that of pristine ultrathin BiOBr and oxygen vacancy-poor sulfur-doped BiOBr, respectively. Also, this excellent photoactivity could extend to other colorless organic contaminants, such as bisphenol analogues and sulfonamides, verifying the universal applicability of BB-xS. Based on experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, it was manifested that a sub-band was generated via the synergistic effect of oxygen vacancies and sulfur doping, and it greatly enhanced the visible-light absorption capability and suppressed the photoinduced charge recombination, which would be beneficial to improve the photocatalytic activity. Additionally, the corresponding photocatalytic degradation pathway of 4-CP was also proposed. This work can provide a new protocol for the design and construction of highly active photocatalysts toward environmental remediation.
关键词： photocatalytic degradation,Ultrathin two-dimensional nanosheets,sulfur-doped,oxygen vacancy,colorless organic contaminants
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Synthesis of Self-Gravity Settling Faceted-Anatase TiO2 with Dominant {010} Facets for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Acetaminophen and Study of the Type of Generated Oxygen Vacancy in Faceted-TiO2
摘要： In this study, faceted TiO2, predominately exposed with {010} facets (T-{010}), was synthesized with a two-step hydrothermal reaction and used for the degradation of acetaminophen (ACE) in an aqueous solution. T-{010} showed considerable photocatalytic reactivity, and its easy-settling (gravity-settling, ~97% of T-{010} settled after 30 min) property demonstrated acceptable reusability. A solid-state chemical reduction approach (NaBH4) at a mild temperature (300 ?C) was used for generation of an oxygen vacancy in T-{010} and P25 (commercial TiO2). The oxygen vacancy concentrations of the samples were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). It was also found that NaBH4 reduction induced the generation of both surface and subsurface Ti3+ on colored P25, but only surface Ti3+ species were formed on colored T-{010}. The prepared colored TiO2 samples were successfully used for photocatalytic degradation of ACE in an aqueous solution under visible light illumination.
关键词： photocatalytic degradation,visible light,{010} facet,oxygen vacancy,settling
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Photocatalytic Degradation Mechanism of Reactive Brilliant Blue X-BR by Expanded Perlite/TiO2
摘要： Expanded perlite loaded titanium dioxide photocatalysts were prepared by a sol-gel method. Expanded perlites were modified using H2SO4 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in this experiment. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism of Reactive brilliant blue X-BR by expanded perlites loaded titanium dioxide photocatalysts has been investigated. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area, X-ray diffraction analysis. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by the photocatalytic oxidation of Reactive brilliant blue X-BR solution. It was found that the prepared expanded perlite loaded titanium dioxide photocatalysts have an excellent photocatalytic under ultraviolet illumination. The results of ultraviolet spectrum and infrared absorption spectrum showed that the anthraquinone structures and benzene rings were destroyed under photocatalytic oxidation reaction. The identification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses indicated that H2O and carbon dioxide could be the primary degradation products.
关键词： Reactive brilliant blue X-BR,Expanded perlites,Photocatalytic degradation mechanism,TiO2
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46