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The effects of multicharged ion irradiation on a polycarbonate surface
摘要： Polycarbonate targets were irradiated with multicharged ions of argon and oxygen with kinetic energies between 375 eV and 1 keV. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis following the irradiations showed evidence of bond-breaking at the polycarbonate surface. The extent of the ion-induced damage indicates that the ion charge state enhances the damage well beyond that observed for similar, low flux singly charged ions. A qualitative comparison with a simple description of the radius of capture for the initial transfer of electrons between the ion and surface is used to understand the multicharged ion effects.
关键词： XPS,polycarbonate,Multicharged ions
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Transparent hard self-cleaning nano-hybrid coating on polymeric substrate
摘要： In this research, GPTMS-silica nano-hybrid coatings were immobilized on polycarbonate (PC) substrates by a sol-gel method. Perfluorooctyl-trichlorosilane (PFTS) was utilized to modify the prepared nano-hybrid coating surface. The modified nano-hybrid coatings were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), UV–vis-NIR spectrophotometer, and water contact angle analyzer methods. In addition, the self-cleaning properties of the nano-hybrid coatings were investigated. The results indicated that the formation of the nano-hybrid film improved the hardness and transmittance of the PC substrate. FE-SEM image indicated the formation of the crack free coating on the PC substrate. In addition, the modified nano-hybrid coating displays hydrophobicity (CA, 110°) and is very efficient at removing dust through water droplets.
关键词： Polycarbonate,Coating,Transparent,Hydrophobic,Self-cleaning,Nano-hybrid
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Uniform position-sensitivity verification of novel electrochemically-etched panorama mega-size polymer ion image detectors
摘要： Recent novel applications of mega-size polycarbonate ion image detectors processed in mega-size electrochemical etching chambers have raised concerns on uniform position-sensitivity and consistency in ion energy responses of detectors with different effective areas. In this context, the uniform position-sensitivity, detection efficiency and track diameters of alpha particles over a broad energy range in detectors of different effective areas; i.e. small size (2 × 2 cm2), medium sizes (17 × 17 cm2) and (22.6 × 22.6 cm2), as well as large (33 × 33 cm2) were investigated in order to make them independent of the detector effective area. Alpha particles of 6 different energies from ~0.3 to ~3.0 MeV at a fluence of ~1.0 × 104 alphas·cm?2 were studied applying 50 Hz – HV field conditions. As an example, 36 positions on 6 rows and 6 columns of a 33 × 33 cm2 detector were studied. By having the same efficiency and mean track diameter only at ~0.8 MeV alpha energy in different detector effective areas under the conditions applied, it is concluded that: (1) position-sensitivity, efficiency and alpha energy responses are consistently uniform independent of the detector effective areas for particles with dE/dX)particle ≥ dE/dX)alpha at ~0.8 MeV, but (2) a "voltage compensation factor" (Vc) commensurate with each detector effective area and type of particle should be applied for particles with dE/dX)particle < dE/dX)alpha at ~0.8 MeV for efficient, consistent and uniform ion detection.
关键词： Electrochemical etching,Polycarbonate track detectors,Effective detector area,Position-sensitivity,Voltage compensation factor
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Laser transmission welding of thermoplastic with beam wobbling technique using particle swarm optimization
摘要： Laser transmission welding is growing day by day with an increase of the uses of thermoplastic materials. This article presents the effect of various process parameters on weld strength and weld seam width obtained. The transparent polycarbonate and black carbon filled PMMA, each of 2.8 mm thickness have been joined by using low power laser. Here, effect of wobble frequency and wobble width are studied along with other process parameters. It is observed that weld seam width much depends upon the wobble width and the effect of wobble frequency is minimum. It has been observed that laser beam wobbling provides the greater weld strength by enlargement of joint area. Moreover, Beam wobbling plays a significant role to achieve better weld strength and weld width. Response surface methodology has been used to model the laser welding process parameters and responses of welding through regression analysis. The results of ANOVA reveal that the models formed appropriately predict the responses within the range of process parameters. A confirmation experiment has also been conducted to validate the results. A multi objective optimization has been used to find the optimum solution by Particle swarm optimization technique.
关键词： Polycarbonate,Acrylic,Low power laser,Weld strength,Beam wobbling,Particle swarm optimization
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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White marking inside the transparent plastic materials by 1.55? <i>μ</i> m nanosecond pulse fiber laser
摘要： In this paper, the authors report that it is possible to create a white marking inside transparent plastic materials by heating them to a temperature close to the threshold of creating a void and using a fiber laser. Heating plastic materials and using a fiber laser enable the threshold to be in excess only in the focus position, and a white marking is created. The authors experimented with polycarbonate and polyethylene terephthalate as the transparent plastic materials, and a 1.55 μm nanosecond pulse fiber laser as the laser equipment. They irradiated laser in the sample inside while heating. As a result, when polycarbonate was heated to 150 °C and polyethylene terephthalate to 50 °C, a void was created at the focus position. Therefore, the authors successfully created a white marking inside the transparent plastic materials by heating them and using a fiber laser.
关键词： laser marking,polyethylene terephthalate,fiber laser,polycarbonate
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Fluorinated polycarbonate photoresists with adjustable double bond density for electro-optic switch applications by directly written method
摘要： A series of fluorinated polycarbonates (AF-3OH-PC MAs) terminated by different proportions of acrylate group were synthesized and directly used as photoresist materials. The materials can directly form a cross-linked film under UV light and initiator conditions without the addition of small molecular crosslinkers. The thermal stability (Td up to 416 ?C), the absorption at 1550 nm is almost zero and electro-optical stabilities ( after 80 °C for 200 h, the r33 remains 91% of the initial value) are significantly improved since the small molecular crosslinkers were not added. The propagation and insertion loss of the device were measured by a cut-back method to be only 0.66 dB/cm and 1 dB, respectively. It may be possible to have an enlightening effect on preparing electro-optical switches with better performance.
关键词： Directly Written Method,Electro-optic Switch,Double Bond Density,Photoresists,Fluorinated Polycarbonate
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Optimization of Pulsed Nd:YVO4 Through Transmission Laser Welding of Transparent Acrylic and Polycarbonate
摘要： In the present work through transmission laser welding (TTLW) of two transparent plastic materials namely, Acrylic and Polycarbonate at varied levels of laser power, scanning speed and frequency have been carried out to form lap joints without application of filler material. The effect of input parameters on the weld quality has been studied through inspection and tests. Statistical software Design Expert 10 has been applied for design of experiments and analysis purpose. Breaking load and weld width have been considered as responses. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been applied for multi-objective optimization for minimization of weld width and maximization of breaking load simultaneously. Confirmatory tests have been conducted to validate the applied optimization techniques.
关键词： Design Expert 10,Multi-objective optimization,RSM,TTLW,Acrylic and Polycarbonate
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Analysis of the Processing‐Pressure Dependent Refractive Index of Polycarbonate by Transmission Measurements of Glass‐Filled Specimen
摘要： In this study, the influence of pressure during processing on the refractive index (RI) of polycarbonate (PC) was investigated by transmission measurements on glass-filled samples with a spectrometer. In order to isolate the pressure dependence of the RI from other influencing parameters such as cooling rate, orientation and stress states, the samples were prepared in a pressure-specific volume-Temperature (pvT) instrument under constant cooling rate and temperature history and without shear effects. Subsequently, the RI was determined at the intersection of the dispersion curves of the glass and the polymer by evaluating the wavelength of the maximal transmission of the samples. The mean RI over the entire cross section of the sample is determined by the transmission measurements without complex sample preparation. The investigations show that the RI of PC increases by 3.26 E-6 per bar with increasing pressure.
关键词： glass-filled specimen,processing-pressure,refractive index,polycarbonate,transmission measurements
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Nondestructive characterization of the polycarbonate - octadecylamine interface by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
摘要： Polymer composite materials are used increasingly in material and engineering science. They provide outstanding mechanical and optical properties. The linkage between the polymer materials is crucial for achieving the desired properties. Understanding the linkage and structure of the polymer-polymer interface layer is a key for utilization polymer composite materials as well as for their fabrication. When analyzing the thin polymer-polymer interface it is important to achieve clear identification of molecular linker structures. One reliable analytical technique allowing this is surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. This study aims at the in-situ evaluation of SERS spectra recorded from the Polycarbonate (PC) –Octadecylamine (ODA) interface to identify the formation of urethane bonds. The detailed analysis of SERS spectra taken before and after the chemical linkage reaction reveals the formation of urethane structures, indicating a chemical bond between PC and ODA. The spectral pattern of urethane groups was identified and evaluated by a reference Raman spectrum.
关键词： SERS,Polymer interphase,Aminolysis,Polycarbonate,Interface reaction
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Optically transparent and flame-retarded polycarbonate nanocomposite based on diphenylphosphine oxide-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes
摘要： Series of phosphorus-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (DPOP-POSSs) have been synthesized through hydrolytic condensation reactions. FTIR, NMR, and MALDI-TOF-MS were used to identify the structures of the DPOP-POSSs, which including T8, T9, and T10 cage structures. Excellent optically transparent polycarbonate PC/DPOP-POSSs nanocomposites can be achieved through simple twin-screw extrusion. The % transmittance of the PC control (83%) was decreased by 3–5% in the PC/DPOP-POSSs nanocomposites. The pyrolysis and ?re behavior of PC/DPOP-POSSs nanocomposites have been investigated by TGA-FTIR, cone calorimetry, LOI and UL-94. PC/DPOP-POSSs-6 nanocomposites showed LOI values of 30.1% and V-0 rating. The ?ame-retardant performance and mechanisms of DPOP-POSSs have been assessed based on TGA-FTIR, XPS, and FTIR results and are discussed in detail. The main ?ame-retardant activity of DPOP-POSSs is due to formation of a framework of silicon and phosphorus in the condensed phase, which can improve the thermal stability, strength, and integrity of the char layer.
关键词： POSS,Polycarbonate,Optically transparent,Flame retardancy
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36