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Controlled Joint Remote Preparation of a Six-Qubit Cluster-Type State by Using GHZ States
摘要： A scheme for the controlled joint remote preparation of an arbitrary six-qubit cluster-type state by using only two sets of five-qubit GHZ states as quantum channel is proposed. In our scheme, Alice firstly performs two sets of two-qubit projective measurement according to the real coefficients and the complex coefficients of the desired six-qubit cluster-type state. Then, the controller Charlie must apply another two-qubit projective measurement according to the Alice’s measurement result. Finally, Bob can obtain the desired six-qubit cluster-type state according to an appropriate unitary operation. Our scheme can achieve unit success probability.
关键词： Six-qubit cluster-type state,Quantum information,Controlled joint remote preparation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Investigations on photovoltaic performance of sol–gel derived BiFeO3-based heterostructures via compositional modification
摘要： In this paper, sol–gel is used to synthesize BiFeO3 (BFO), RGO/BFO, RGO/BFO/TiO2, TiCl4-modi?ed RGO/BFO/TiO2 and MAPI/RGO/BFO/TiO2 thin ?lms onto Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate. RGO/BFO/TiO2 thin ?lm possesses high power conversion ef?ciency (g) of 3.11% and ?ll factor (FF) of 0.72, owing to the favorable effects of TiO2 and RGO on promoting electron transfer and electron injection, respectively. All the results indicate that BFO-based heterostructure thin ?lm is a promising candidate for designing solar energy devices.
关键词： Thin ?lms,Sol-gel preparation,Electrical properties
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) - San Antonio, TX, USA (2019.9.29-2019.10.3)] 2019 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) - Edge Breakdown Suppression of Avalanche Photodiodes using Zn Diffusion and Selective Area Growth
摘要： Avalanche photodiodes are fabricated and characterized, using a single diffusion fabrication process with the surface patterned by selective area growth prior to diffusion. Raster mapping of the photocurrent near the breakdown voltage is used to characterize the electric field distribution in the multiplication layer. Devices fabricated with the precursor CBrCl3 introduced during selective area epitaxy show a smoother surface morphology and effective edge breakdown suppression, while those fabricated without CBrCl3 have a rougher surface morphology and exhibit evidence of premature edge breakdown at the corners of the device along specific crystal orientations. Comparison of the dark current – voltage curves below breakdown shows a reduction of dark current associated with the use of CBrCl3, as well as with the inclusion of floating guard rings in the device design.
关键词： Diffusion,Materials preparation,Optoelectronic and Photonic sensors,Doping,Semiconductor detectors
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Controlled Asymmetric Bidirectional Hybrid of Remote State Preparation and Quantum Teleportation
摘要： We propose a protocol of Asymmetric implementing controlled joint remote state preparation and meanwhile realizing controlled quantum teleportation. That is to say, Alice wants to teleport an arbitrary two-qubit state to Bob, and Bob wants to remotely prepare a known state for Alice via the control of supervisors Charlie. Compared with previous studies for the schemes of solely bidirectional quantum teleportation, the new protocol is a kind of hybrid approach of information communication which makes the quantum channel multipurpose.
关键词： Two-qubit state,Asymmetric bidirectional information communication,Hybrid of remote state preparation and quantum teleportation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Assessment of Microleakage of a Composite Resin Restoration in Primary Teeth Following Class III Cavity Preparation Using Er, Cr: YSGG laser: An In Vitro Study
摘要： Introduction: Marginal seal integrity is important for a successful adhesive dental restoration. Alterations caused by laser irradiation in the enamel and dentin surface can affect the marginal integrity of adhesive restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of a composite resin restoration in primary teeth following laser irradiation of enamel and dentin. Methods: Forty freshly extracted sound human primary maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were used in this study. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups (I and II), with 20 teeth in each. In group I, proximal cavities (Class III) were prepared using an airotor hand –piece and diamond bur. The cavities were etched for 15 seconds with 35% phosphoric acid gel, rinsed with water for 15 seconds, air dried and a bonding agent was applied onto the cavity surfaces and light cured for 20 seconds. The cavities were restored with composite resin and light cured for 40 seconds. In group II, proximal (Class III) cavities were prepared using Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) (Er,Cr:YSGG) (Biolaseiplus, wave length 2.78 μm). The cavity was then rinsed, air dried and without etching, a bonding agent was applied and light cured for 20 seconds. The cavities were restored in the same manner as that of group I. The treated teeth were mounted on acrylic resin blocks and were subjected to a thermocycling regimen. Following, the teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally in a bucco-lingual direction using a diamond disc at slow speed. The sections of all the groups were examined under a stereomicroscope for micro-leakage. Results: The mean scores for microleakage in group I was 1.95 ± 1.31 and in group II it was 1.4 ± 1.27. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.882). Conclusion: No significant difference in microleakage was noticed between the composite resin bonded to lased enamel and dentin and the teeth preparedwith conventional method.
关键词： laser,primary teeth,cavity preparation,dental,microleakage
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Boron Nitride Nanotubes in Nanomedicine || Boron nitride nanotube films: preparation, properties, and implications for biology?applications
摘要： Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) share the same structure as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), but have boron and nitrogen atoms sitting close to each other. Some properties of BNNTs are similar to their carbon counterparts, such as mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and wettability. However, there are also many differences between them. BNNTs are insulators with a wide bandgap of about 6 eV, which is not sensitive to their diameter and chirality. Compared to CNTs, BNNTs are more thermally stable in air and, therefore, better candidates as fillers in metal/ceramic composites, field emitters, and thermal management materials at high temperatures. BNNTs show strong light emission at ～227 nm in the deep ultraviolet (DUV) region and are useful in optoelectronic, medical, data storage, and lithography applications. Isotopic 10BNNTs not only exhibit greatly improved thermal conductivity superior to that of CNTs, but also provide radiation shielding. Due to the electric polarization, BNNTs are piezoelectric and suitable for electromechanical devices on the nanoscale.
关键词： biology applications,Boron nitride nanotubes,properties,BNNT films,preparation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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A green single-tube sample preparation method for wear metal determination in lubricating oil by microwave induced plasma with optical emission spectrometry
摘要： A straightforward and rapid single-tube sample pretreatment for wear metals determination in used lubricating oils was developed in this work as an alternative to the reference pretreatment method (ASTM). A D-optimal mixture design on a three-component solution was performed. The optimal composition for the proposed sample preparation emulsion was 2 % v/v of xylene, 9.5 % v/v of Triton?X-114 and 88.5 % v/v of H2O. The determination of 18 wear metals was carried out by microwave induced plasma with optical emission spectrometer (MIP OES), and the results of the two sample preparations - conventional and proposed- were statistically compared. Also, a certified standard “wear metals in used lubricating oils” for pretreatment validation was used. The developed method was as effective as the reference method indicated by ATSM, similar in speed and simplicity, but superior from the environmental and economic point of view. The proposed pretreatment allowed Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Si, Sn, Ti, V and Zn determination, with LOQ between 1.40 mg kg-1 for Ca and 6.34 mg kg-1 for Pb. The precisions established as the relative standard deviation (RSD) were better than 6.2%. The proposed method avoid sample handling, reducing contamination risks and analyte losses, affording significantly improvement on wear metal quantification.
关键词： Microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry,Mixture experimental design,Wear metals,Green single-tube sample preparation,Used lubricating oils
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Preparation of Ni(OH)2/TiO2 porous film with novel structure and electrochromic property
摘要： Ni(OH)2/TiO2 nanorod composite porous film with a novel structure and remarkable electrochromic (EC) behavior was prepared on a fluorine doped tin oxide (F:SnO2; FTO) coated glass substrate by hydrothermal and solvothermal techniques. A pure Ni(OH)2 porous film was also prepared on another FTO substrate by the solvothermal technique for comparison. The growth process of Ni(OH)2 on the surface of TiO2 nanorod layer was investigated carefully. The component, morphology and microstructure of the films, as well as their EC performances including transmittance, cyclic voltammetry (CV), cycle life and response time were characterized. Compared with those of the pure Ni(OH)2 film, the EC performances of Ni(OH)2/TiO2 composite film have exhibited obvious enhancement owing to the good interface bonding, Ni(OH)2 porous structure, TiO2 nanorod layer and interpenetrating structure. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the transmittance contrast in near infrared light area was distinctly improved, and even exceeded 95% after the 100th cycle, promising the Ni(OH)2/TiO2 nanorod composite porous film a potential EC application in near infrared light area in the future.
关键词： Composite porous film,Electrochromic property,Ni(OH)2/TiO2 nanorods,Solvothermal,Preparation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Solar Light Induced Photon-Assisted Synthesis of TiO2 Supported Highly Dispersed Ru Nanoparticle Catalysts
摘要： Ru/TiO2 are promising heterogeneous catalysts in different key-reactions taking place in the catalytic conversion of biomass towards fuel additives, biofuels, or biochemicals. TiO2 supported highly dispersed nanometric-size metallic Ru catalysts were prepared at room temperature via a solar light induced photon-assisted one-step synthesis in liquid phase, far smaller Ru nanoparticles with sharper size distribution being synthesized when compared to the catalysts that were prepared by impregnation with thermal reduction in hydrogen. The underlying strategy is based on the redox photoactivity of the TiO2 semi-conductor support under solar light for allowing the reduction of metal ions pre-adsorbed at the host surface by photogenerated electrons from the conduction band of the semi-conductor in order to get a ?ne control in terms of size distribution and dispersion, with no need of chemical reductant, ?nal thermal treatment, or external hydrogen. Whether acetylacetonate or chloride was used as precursor, 0.6 nm sub-nanometric metallic Ru particles were synthesized on TiO2 with a sharp size distribution at a low loading of 0.5 wt.%. Using the chloride precursor was necessary for preparing Ru/TiO2 catalysts with a 0.8 nm sub-nanometric mean particle size at 5 wt.% loading, achieved in basic conditions for bene?tting from the enhanced adsorption between the positively-charged chloro-complexes and the negatively-charged TiO2 surface. Remarkably, within the 0.5–5 wt.% range, the Ru content had only a slight in?uence on the sub-nanometric particle size distribution, thanks to the implementation of suitable photo-assisted synthesis conditions. We demonstrated further that a ?ne control of the metal Ru nanoparticle size on the TiO2 support was possible via a controlled nanocluster growth under irradiation, while the nanoparticles revealed a good resistance to thermal sintering.
关键词： highly dispersed Ru nanoparticle,sub-nanometric particle size distribution,catalyst preparation,reaction mechanism,Ru/TiO2 catalyst,photodeposition,photon-assisted synthesis
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Multishot diffusion-prepared magnitude-stabilized balanced steady-state free precession sequence for distortion-free diffusion imaging
摘要： Purpose: To develop and evaluate a multishot diffusion‐prepared (DP) magnitude‐stabilized balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) diffusion imaging sequence with improved geometric fidelity. Methods: A signal spoiler (magnitude stabilizer; MS) was implemented in a DP‐bSSFP diffusion sequence. Effects of magnitude stabilizers with respect to phase errors were simulated using Bloch simulation. Phantom study was conducted to compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) accuracy and geometric reliability, quantified using target registration error (TRE), with diffusion‐weighted single‐shot echo‐planar imaging (DW‐ssEPI). Six volunteers were recruited. DW‐ssEPI, DP‐bSSFP with and without ECG triggering, and DP‐MS‐bSSFP with and without ECG triggering were acquired 10 times with b = 500 s/mm2 in a single‐shot manner to evaluate magnitude variability. Diffusion trace images and diffusion tensor images were acquired using a 4‐shot DP‐MS‐bSSFP. Results: Simulation showed that the DP‐MS‐bSSFP approach is insensitive to phase errors. The DP‐MS‐bSSFP approach had satisfactory ADC accuracy on the phantom with <5% difference with DW‐ssEPI. The mean/max TRE for DW‐ssEPI was 2.31/4.29 mm and was 0.51/1.20 mm for DP‐MS‐bSSFP. In the repeated single‐shot study, DP‐bSSFP without ECG triggering had severe signal void artifacts and exhibited a nonrepeatable pattern, which can be partially mitigated by ECG triggering. Adding the MS provided stable signal magnitude across all repetitions. High‐quality ADC maps and color‐coded fractional anisotropy maps were generated using the 4‐shot DP‐MS‐bSSFP. The mean/max TRE was 2.89/10.80 mm for DW‐ssEPI and 0.59/1.69 mm for DP‐MS‐bSSFP. Good agreements of white matter ADC, cerebrospinal fluid ADC, and white matter fractional anisotropy value were observed between DP‐MS‐bSSFP and DW‐ssEPI. Conclusion: The proposed DP‐MS‐bSSFP approach provided high‐quality diffusion‐weighted and diffusion‐tensor images with minimal geometric distortion.
关键词： magnitude inconsistency,multishot diffusion,magnitude stabilizer,bSSFP,phase inconsistency,diffusion preparation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36