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[IEEE 2018 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Cape Town, South Africa (2018.6.28-2018.6.29)] 2018 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Design Strategies of an Off-Grid Solar PV Plant for Office Buildings: A Case Study of Johannesburg
摘要： Renewable energy systems based on solar resources are steering the way in grid-connected applications to meet present energy demands. This research work tends to investigate the design and feasibility of RE systems using solar resources to sustain a load in the Office Park building, at Constantia Kloof Roodepoort, Johannesburg, South Africa. This is following the provincial mandate to offset the energy usage of government buildings, including those belonging to the City of Johannesburg, by the installation of renewable energy sources in South Africa. The Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) on the design revealed that the fully solar RE system was the most economically possible. This was in comparison with the annual equivalent projected City Power electricity bill for the load profile.
关键词： Johannesburg,Cost-Benefit Analysis,Solar PV,Renewable Energy,Off-Grid
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fuzzy logic application in the evaluation of performance of a prototype vehicle powered from solar energy and water electrolysis process
摘要： The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a prototype vehicle that uses a reversible fuel cell capable of producing and storing hydrogen and oxygen by breaking the water molecule - the electrolysis process, made possible with the use of solar panels. The vehicle shown only uses two main sources of energy: solar and hydrogen cells, both clean and renewable energy sources. Water is the only residue generated. The Fuzzy Logic was used in the establishment of linguistic variables and on the composition of inference rules based on power, solar panel area and solar irradiation. The Fuzzy Logic provides a method of translating verbal, vague, imprecise and qualitative expressions, common in human communication in numeric values. This enables the conversion of the human experience in a way understandable by computers. Thus, the technology made possible by the fuzzy approach has a practical value. In view of the severe environmental degradation in which the planet is going through and the scarcity of energy sources, especially fossil fuels, one of the great challenges of the scientific community is to develop new technologies that use clean and renewable energy sources, that are economically viable and promote sustainable technologies and processes.
关键词： Renewable Energy,Fuzzy Logic,Automobile Industry,Sustainability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Technical-economical evaluation of a solar water heater with vacuum tubes collector, used in a rural area in Paran, Brazil
摘要： Solar radiation is a source of energy that can be used directly by residences and industries. In this work, the efficiency of a solar collector type all-glass installed in a rural area in Paraná, Brazil, in the winter period, was evaluated. Two daily showers were simulated in three different scenarios, to measure additional electrical consumption used to boost the heating of water. In the first scenario, the consumption was evaluated leaving the auxiliary heating system connected the entire day and, in the second, only in the afternoon period. This auxiliary heating system, controlled by a thermostat, was only connected when the temperature of the water in the boiler stayed below 40°C. In the third scenario, the auxiliary heating system was disconnected and the heating of the water occurred solely due to the solar heating system. These scenarios were compared with the use of the solar heating system together with an electric shower and with an electric shower alone. It was verified that the mean efficiency of the solar collector in the evaluated period was 51%. The electric shower, when used in conjunction with the solar heater, consumes 6.5 times less electrical energy than when used alone (192.55 kWh and 1240.34 kWh, respectively).
关键词： Renewable energy,vacuum solar collector,solar water heater
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optimization of solar photovoltaic efficiency using angular inclination: Effect on surface temperature distribution
摘要： Temperature distribution over the surface of a solar photovoltaic (PV) panel is essential as over heating lowers the efficiency of the PV module. There have been multiple solutions towards cooling the PV surface during extremely hot sunshine. The mechanism is envisaged to be expensive to construct and maintain. In this research the PV panel was inclined at various degree to determine the best inclination that would allow convective cooling. It was observed that at an inclination of 45o, the convective cooling from surrounding wind was able to regulate the surface temperature. Hence, the sinusoidal trend of thermal heating was distorted significantly-signifying that the convective wind was able to mitigate the PV surface heating.
关键词： temperature,energy,renewable energy,solar energy,solar
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Optimization of solar photovoltaic efficiency using angular inclination: Effect on voltage output
摘要： The physical optimization processes of maximizing the solar photovoltaic (PV) panel via the angular adjustment of PV inclination to the sun were examined. The efficiency may vary within geographic locations. In this study, the measured dataset of a location in the tropical region of Nigeria was examined with the inclination ranging from 0o to 45 o. It was observed that at 30 o in the south –east direction yielded a more stable result that is essential basically for the stability of the solid state content of the PV panel. Though there were spikes of higher voltage in the 30 o, it is recommended that PV users in the region to adopt 30 o to enhance efficiency and longevity of the PV panel.
关键词： energy,renewable energy,solar energy,solar,voltage output
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Experimental and theoretical analysis of hybrid concentrated photovoltaic/thermal system using parabolic trough collector
摘要： In the current work, a hybrid concentrated photovoltaic thermal system was designed and coupled with a parabolic trough collector and investigated theoretically and experimentally for combined heat and power output. In the design, a photovoltaic module was mounted on a flat surface of parabolic trough absorber tube having semi cylindrical shape. A provision was made to cool photovoltaic panel from both the surfaces by flowing water through the absorber tube as well as the annulus of between absorber tube and glass cover. The model was developed using first law of the thermodynamics and then validated using experimental data generated through the fabricated setup. During the experimentation, the annulus flow rate was varied from 0.008 kg/s, 0.017 kg/s and 0.025 kg/s and inner flow rate was varied from 0.075 kg/s, 0.083 kg/s and 0.091 kg/s. The field testing results showed the mean overall efficiency of system obtained as 61.42%, 64.61% and 66.36% for inner tube flow rate of 0.075 kg/s, 0.083 kg/s and 0.091 kg/s respectively for annulus flow rate of 0.008 kg/s. The theoretical results of hybrid system obtained from the simulation are in good agreement with the experimental data. In the end environmental cost analysis was also carried out for the proposed system.
关键词： Hybrid system,Concentrated Photovoltaic/thermal,Parabolic trough collector,Renewable energy,Solar energy
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 26th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices (AM-FPD) - Kyoto, Japan (2019.7.2-2019.7.5)] 2019 26th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices (AM-FPD) - Partially green small molecule solar cells
摘要： This paper presents a novel energy-management method for a microgrid that includes renewable energy, diesel generators, battery storage, and various loads. We assume that the microgrid takes part in a pool market and responds actively to the electricity price to maximize its pro?t by scheduling its controllable resources. To address various uncertainties, a risk-constrained scenario-based stochastic programming framework is proposed using the conditional value at risk method. The designed model is solved by two levels of stochastic optimization methods. One level of optimization is to submit optimal hourly bids to the day-ahead market under the forecast data. The other level of optimization is to determine the optimal scheduling using the scenario-based stochastic data of the uncertain resources. The proposed energy management system is not only bene?cial for the microgrid and customers, but also applies the microgrid aggregator and virtual power plant. The results are shown to prove the validity of the proposed framework.
关键词： microgrid,Controllable load,risk management,smart grid,stochastic optimization,electricity market,renewable energy,energy management
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Governing the Fix: Energy Regimes, Accumulation Dynamics, and Land Use Changes in Japana??s Solar Photovoltaic Boom
摘要： This article examines the role of recent reforms to Japan’s energy governance regime in stimulating fixed capital investments in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and analyzes the investment trends and land use changes that are emerging as a result. Following the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, the Japanese government passed a feed-in tariff (FIT) to incentivize renewable energy production, followed by the liberalization of the small-scale retail power market. Although recent geographical scholarship suggests that fixed capital investments in renewable energy might function as a socioecological fix for capital accumulation, analyzing these reforms through the lens of institutional political economy reveals a crucial limitation facing investors seeking renewed accumulation through a socioecological fix: The state, as the extraeconomic agent charged with sustaining accumulation at the national scale, maintains the capacity to shape conditions of profitability in the electric power sector. Additionally, this article offers a typology of investment patterns and land use changes that have resulted from the growing market in renewables. The guaranteed return on investment offered by the FIT has stimulated demand for space to site solar projects. This demand, coupled with Japan’s strict farmland protections, has led investors to pursue projects in novel configurations that challenge established assumptions about power density and the land demands of solar PV. By bringing the insights of Marxian state theory to bear on the political ecology of fixed infrastructure, this article contributes an empirical analysis of the political ecological dimensions of state action in governing renewable energy transitions.
关键词： socioecological fix,political ecology,renewable energy,state theory,energy transitions
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Future Energy || Photovoltaics, Including New Technologies (Thin Film) and a Discussion on Module Efficiency
摘要： Most of the energy on Earth originates in the radiation that comes from the Sun on the Earth’s surface. At present, mankind uses primarily energy fossil fuels, the origin of which is associated with solar energy products in the pastdcoal, oil, and natural gas. Given the limitations of these sources and the negative effect of greenhouse gas generation on global warming, there is a general tendency to use solar energy to the maximum extent for heat and power generation. Photovoltaic systems that enable the direct conversion of solar energy to electricity are currently among the fastest growing energy segments. After 30 years of development, photovoltaics (PVs) has been recognized as a renewable energy technology that has the potential to contribute signi?cantly to future energy supply. Cumulative installed power yearly growths were on an average more than 40% in the period from 2000 to 2018, and in 2018, the global cumulative PV power installed has reached a level of 512 GWp. Annually installed power reached nearly 110 GWp in 2018, and it is expected to grow in future, while the cost of electrical energy produced by PV systems decreased close to the level of energy produced by conventional sources. This chapter provides important information on both the basics of PV cell and module physics, construction and technology, and other parts of PV systems as converters and auxiliary parts to set up a working system.
关键词： Photovoltaics,Renewable Energy,Solar Energy,Thin Film,Module Efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Analysis of novel passive cooling strategies for free-standing silicon photovoltaic panels
摘要： Silicon-based photovoltaic (PV) panels are sensitive to operating temperatures, especially during exposure to high solar irradiation levels. The sensitivity of PV panels is reflected through the reductions in photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency (electrical efficiency) and in PV panel lifetime due to thermal fatigue. In this study, different and novel passive cooling strategies were proposed and numerically investigated for the case of 50-W market-available free-standing silicon PV panels. The focus of the research was to examine the effect of the proposed modifications on the temperatures of the specific PV panel layers as well as on the velocity contours. The used numerical model was upgraded based on a previously developed numerical model that was validated through an experimental manner. Three different passive cooling scenarios were numerically investigated, and the most promising one was the case where the PV panel was provided with slits through the front PV panel surface resulting in a reduction of about 4 °C for the PV panel operating temperature. The other examined cases proved to be less effective with the detected temperature reduction being less than 1.0 °C. The consideration of novel PV panel frame materials was found to be a viable possibility. It was also found that all the proposed modifications can generally lead to the performance improvement in the PV panels and reduce the materials spent on the production of commercial PV panels.
关键词： Photovoltaics,Numerical analysis,Passive cooling,Renewable energy,Energy efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57