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Growth control and defect passivation toward efficient and low-temperature processed carbon based CsPbIBr2 solar cell
摘要： All-inorganic perovskite CsPbIBr2, has drawn much attention for photovoltaic (PV) application due to its excellent intrinsic stability. However, low device performance and high fabrication temperature still hamper its further progress in flexible application. Herein, Zn substitution has been used to improve the nucleation and growth process for low temperature processed a-phase CsPbIBr2 film. Zn incorporated CsPbIBr2 film exhibits good crystallinity, compact surface morphology and depressed defect state. Low temperature (100 and 160°C) processed carbon based CsPbIBr2 solar cells with improved PV performance have been prepared by using Zn incorporation and room deposited electron transport layer (ETL). A champion efficiency over 9% can be achieved through Zn substitution, which is one of the best values reported for the low temperature processed CsPbIBr2 solar cell without using hole transport layer (HTL). Efficiency over 5% can also be achieved for larger area (1 cm2) rigid and flexible CsPbIBr2 solar cells. These results would provide a new route for preparing high-performance and low temperature processed inorganic perovskite solar cell.
关键词： Carbon electrode,CsPbIBr2,Flexible,Solar cell,Low temperature,Inorganic perovskite
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Achieving efficient green-solvent-processed organic solar cells by employing ortho-ortho perylene diimide dimer
摘要： The lack of electron acceptors with suitable green solvent processing and excellent device performance is an important problem that hinders the development and commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, an ortho-ortho perylene diimide (PDI) dimer (oo-2PDI) is developed and used as an acceptor for use in efficient green-solvent-processed (GSP) OSCs. By using chlorobenzene (CB), anisole, and ortho-xylene as the processing solvents, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 5.04%, 5.03%, and 5.78% were achieved without the additive, respectively. In addition, the non-fullerene oo-2PDI-based GSPOSCs show superior photovoltaic performance to [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)-based GSPOSCs under identical conditions. Therefore, these results demonstrate the possibility of achieving efficient non-fullerene GSPOSCs.
关键词： Electron acceptor,Perylene diimide,Green solvent,Ortho-ortho dimer,Organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fully Doctor-bladed efficient perovskite solar cells in ambient condition via composition engineering
摘要： It is very meaningful to develop large-scale, low-cost technology for fabricating efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to accelerate their commercialization. Doctor-blading is one of important scalable technologies for processing PSCs, but the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of fully doctor-bladed PSCs, including electron transport layer, perovskite layer and hole transport layer, are still lag far behind the PSCs fabricated via conventional spin-coating technology, especially fabricated in ambient condition. Herein, highly efficient planar heterojunction PSCs with a structure of ITO/SnO2/FAxMA(1-x)PbIyBr(3-y)/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag are achieved by fully doctor-blading technique in ambient condition, in which high-quality perovskite films with low trap-density are fabricated via two-step sequential deposition with a low temperature process by simultaneously introducing composition engineering and additive-doping technology. Organic cation is added into the PbI2 precursor to reduce the uneven distribution of nucleation sites in the perovskite films during doctor-blading process and promote the uniform growth of perovskite grain. Moreover, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetra-cyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ) acted as the doping additive is employed into perovskite, resulting in healing the perovskite grain boundary and reducing trap-density accordingly. As a result, the doctor-bladed PSCs fabricated in ambient condition exhibit the champion PCE of 18% and a stabilized efficiency of 17.7%. Furthermore, PSCs fabricated via fully doctor-blading in ambient condition achieve the PCE of 17.0% with negligible hysteresis. This work provides an important strategy for scalable fabrication of efficient PSCs in ambient condition and potentially accelerates the commercialization.
关键词： Doctor-blading,Additive,Composition engineering,Perovskite solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Synthesis of a novel MoIn2S4 alloy film as efficient electrocatalyst for dye-sensitized solar cell
摘要： A petal-like MoIn2S4 thin film with excellent performance was synthesized on conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate through the hydrothermal method. The MoIn2S4 thin film with 0.169 g InCl3 exhibited the most excellent electrocatalytic activity and lowest charge transfer resistance of 19.90 Ω cm?1 among the various MoIn2S4 samples in I?/I3? redox couple, which was confirmed through a series of electrochemical investigations. The photoelectric conversion efficiency for the DSSC served the MoIn2S4 thin film as counter electrode achieved 6.51% under 100 mW·cm?2 illumination, which was a little better than that of the DSSC assembled with the Pt (6.39%) electrode. This research demonstrates that the petal-like MoIn2S4 counter electrode with simple preparation process, excellent electrocatalytic activity and efficient photoelectric conversion efficiency is a promising alternative to the conventional Pt electrode in DSSCs.
关键词： MoIn2S4,Efficient conversion efficiency,Counter electrode,Dye-sensitized solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Two stage modelling of solar photovoltaic cells based on Sb2S3 absorber with three distinct buffer combinations
摘要： Solar cell research has always been an attraction by virtue of its clean and green status. However, to overcome the implications of high cost and moderate efficiency, there has always been fierce competition to search alternative approach for designing efficient solar cells with optimal performance-cost ratio. Recently, antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) has received substantial attention as an absorber in thin film solar cells due to earth abundance, low cost, non-toxic property and high optical absorption. Still, its performance could not match Si based cells. In this work, we adopted two-stage simulation approach to design Sb2S3 absorber based heterojunction solar cell to enhance efficiency. Initial simulation for configuration optimization was done considering thickness, defect density, recombination (radiative, Auger) effect, carrier density of the Sb2S3 absorber layer. Buffer layer thickness and absorption coefficient optimization was taken up. Further, series and shunt resistance of the device as well as conduction band offset (CBO) at absorber/buffer interface was also optimized at initial stage only. In the next level of simulation, efficiency enhancement was achieved by optimizing optimal back contact metal work function, absorber layer band gap grading and temperature. The aforesaid two-stage optimization yielded efficiency ~24.81%, which is higher than conventional thin film solar cell. The optimal solar cell structure configuration, for Sb2S3 absorber solar cell, suggested a positive CBO of 0.26 eV (e.g.; ZnS buffer layer), a back contact metal work function of 5.1 eV (e.g.; Mo, Au) and band gap grading window ~1.31 to 1.62 eV.
关键词： Conduction band offset,Sb2S3 solar cell,Work function,Band gap grading,Simulation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fabrication and performance analysis of a low cost, Pt free counter electrode using carbon coated ZnAl layered double hydroxide (C/ZnAl-LDH) for dye sensitized solar cells
摘要： Carbon based material represents an e?ective substitute for Pt counter electrodes (CEs) in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). This study introduces a novel carbon coated ZnAl layered double hydroxides (C/ZnAl-LDH) can be utilised as an e?ective CE in DSSCs. C/ZnAl-LDH was synthesised by the pyrolysis of ZnAl-LDH using glucose solution. The synthesised C/ZnAl-LDH was characterised using TEM, SEM, XRD and BET analysis. The surface roughness of both Pt and C/ZnAl-LDH ?lms were analysed using AFM spectroscopy. C/ZnAl-LDH slurry was pasted uniformly using doctor blade technique onto FTO glass substrate. The electrochemical measurements such as Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel polarization recommends that C/ZnAl-LDH can be used as a CE due to its good reduction rate of ?I3 comparable with Pt CEs. The photovoltaic parameters were observed to be 0.66 V and 11.97 mA/cm2 for open circuit voltage V(oc) and short circuit current density J(sc) respectively for C/ZnAl-LDH CE. The assembled cell with C/ZnAl LDH CE having power conversion e?ciency (PCE) of 3.18% is comparable to Pt CE having 4.62% which is measured under the similar testing conditions.
关键词： Dye Sensitized Solar Cell,Carbon based material,Counter electrode,Layered double hydroxides,Electrochemical parameters
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Enhancement of the thermal properties of heterojunction perovskite solar cells by nanostructured contacts design
摘要： A perovskite solar cell design is structured and analyzed to investigate the thermal behavior of the cell. In order to perform large scale industrial devices, it is required to understand the effect of varying light intensity, ambient temperature and other sources such as joule heating and non-radiative recombination on the module. Subsequently, the enhancement of thermal stability is accomplished by selecting layers that can contribute to the reduction of operating temperature, such as transparent front electrodes and back electrodes. COMSOL Multiphysics is used to structure and simulate a regular planar heterojunction perovskite solar cell with ITO as a transparent front contact and Au as the back contact. These conventional contacts selection resulted in a maximum temperature of 79 °C for all sources of thermalization. Moreover, nine structures combinations are investigated by using FTO, AZO, Ag, and RGO electrodes. It is found that the best thermal structure is the one that utilizes AZO as a transparent contact and RGO as a back contact. This design achieves a huge reduction in the maximum temperature to ~32 °C; with a total of 59.5% thermal reduction when compared to conventional ITO/Au contacts structure.
关键词： Electrodes,COMSOL,Perovskite solar cell,Thermal properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Cascade Structured ZnO/TiO2/CdS quantum dot sensitized solar cell
摘要： Cascade structure of ZnO/TiO2/CdS quantum dot sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) using precursor solutions of CdS quantum dots having different concentrations such as 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.5 M and 0.8 M were synthesized on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate, using the successive ionic layer absorption and reaction (SILAR) method. A polysulfide electrolyte was used as a redox mediator. The combination of ZnO/TiO2 used as a photoanode gives the best results and changes the mechanism of the QDSSC. The conventional Pt counter electrode was replaced by a low cost CuS counter electrode. Morphological and structural characterizations were carried out by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) & X-ray diffractometer, respectively. The optical characterizations were carried out by using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. Degree of porosity of prepared quantum dot (QD) sensitizers on TiO2/ZnO surface of different precursor concentrations 48.90%, 45.90%, 44.20% and 42.41% were observed. J-V characteristics and the performance of the prototype solar cell devices were evaluated by using a solar simulator, under illumination with an AM 1.5G spectrum having light intensity of 100 mWcm?2. The highest efficiency was obtained 2.44% at 0.1 M concentration and the lowest was 0.52% at 0.8 M concentration.
关键词： Quantum dot sensitized solar cell,ZnO/TiO2/CdS,Counter electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Enhancement for Potential-Induced Degradation Resistance of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells via Anti-Reflection Coating by Industrial PECVD Methods
摘要： The issue of potential-induced degradation (PID) has gained more concerns due to causing the catastrophic failures in photovoltaic (PV) modules. One of the approaches to diminish PID is to modify the anti-re?ection coating (ARC) layer upon the front surface of crystalline silicon solar cells. Here, we focus on the modi?cation of ARC ?lms to realize PID-free step-by-step through three delicate experiments. Firstly, the ARC ?lms deposited by direct plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and by indirect PECVD were investigated. The results showed that the ef?ciency degradation of solar cells by indirect PECVD method is up to ?33.82%, which is out of the IEC 62804 standard and is signi?cantly more severe than by the direct PECVD method (?0.82%). Next, the performance of PID-resist for the solar cell via indirect PECVD was improved signi?cantly (PID reduced from ?31.82% to ?2.79%) by a pre-oxidation step, which not only meets the standard but also has higher throughput than direct PECVD. Lastly, we applied a novel PECVD technology, called the pulsed-plasma (PP) PECVD method, to deal with the PID issue. The results of the HF-etching rate test and FTIR measurement indicated the ?lms deposited by PP PECVD have higher potential against PID in consideration of less oxygen content in this ?lm. That demonstrated the ?lm properties were changed by applied a new control of freedom, i.e., PP method. In addition, the 96 h PID result of the integrated PP method was only ?2.07%, which was comparable to that of the integrated traditional CP method. In summary, we proposed three effective or potential approaches to eliminate the PID issue, and all approaches satis?ed the IEC 62804 standard of less than 5% power loss in PV modules.
关键词： solar cell,potential-induced degradation,anti-re?ection coating,plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Modeling and Simulation of a Photosynthetic Solar Cell
摘要： Solar energy’s potential as a clean, abundant, and economical energy source can be effectively exploited if it is converted to electricity. Photosynthetic solar cells (PSCs) convert sunlight to electricity by using plant cells via photosynthesis and respiration. These processes can be interrupted to provide a path of lesser resistance for the transfer of protons and electrons in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system. PSCs require no organic fuel, no active feeding system, and produce carbon-neutral power both day and night. In this article, the mechanisms of photosynthesis that generate electrons and protons in the anode chamber are described and modeled. In addition, the concentrations of various species in the anode and cathode chambers, including plant cells, sugars, reducing agents, and catalysts, are modeled as a function of time and used to simulate the electric potential across the fuel cell. The resulting flow of electrons through the external circuit is described. The influence of non-ideal effects is described and modeled, such as the resistance to the motion of protons, reactants, and products through the electrolyte, which contributes to a voltage drop across the cell. The activation energy required for the chemical reactions also contributes to voltage drop. These dynamics are modeled using differential equations for each species. This model can be used to predict the dynamics of a PSC system under various conditions.
关键词： Microbial fuel cell,Cell power,Modeling,Photosynthetic solar cell,Solar energy,Cell voltage
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57