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Clinical data on rare Sulfamethoxazole crystalluria assessed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry
摘要： The data contained in this article are related to the article entitled “Case report: Uncommon Sulfamethoxazole Crystalluria” [1]. Sulfamethoxazole crystalluria is very rare and crystals identification is complex [2,3]. We identified seven patients with uncommon urine crystals that were composed of N-Acetyl-Sulfamethoxazole. Three of the patients developed an acute renal failure simultaneously to crystalluria. Hence, this article describes the method of crystals identification thanks to infrared spectroscopy. The relevant clinical data of patients, including medical history, drug dosage and urine parameters related to the crystalluria are presented.
关键词： drug: adverse effect,Sulfamethoxazole,urine microscopy,acute renal failure,infrared spectrophotometry,crystalluria
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Spectroscopic Analyses - Developments and Applications || Application of Flow-Injection Spectrophotometry to Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analyses
摘要： The discovery of new drugs, especially when many samples have to be analyzed in the minimum of time, demand the improvement or development of new analytical methods. Various techniques may be employed for this purpose. In this context, this chapter gathers the collection of paper and represents the review of past work on spectrophotometric technique coupled to a continuous flow system to determine low concentrations of several chemical species in different kinds of pharmaceutical and biological samples. A short historical background of the flow-injection analysis technique and a brief discussion of the basic principles and potential are presented. Part of this chapter is devoted to describing the sample preparation techniques, principles, and figures of merit of analytical methods. Representative applications of flow-injection spectrophotometry to pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis are also described.
关键词： biomedical samples,flow-injection,pharmaceutical,spectrophotometry
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Novel and Easy Accessible Method for the Estimation of Copper Spectrophotometrically in Water and Soil Samples
摘要： A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been established for the determination of copper in water and soil sample. The method simply involves the chelation of Dimethylglyoxime ligand with Copper under optimal conditions. The method is based on the formation of 1:2 complexes between Copper and Dimethylglyoximine. The optimal condition for the determination of copper was established. The Beer’s law was applicable in the range 0.05 to 0.995 μg/ml. The molar extinction coefficient of the said complex was found to be 1.2 × 105 mol-1 cm-1. The method was successfully applied for the determination of Copper in the water and soil samples.
关键词： Copper,Dimethylglyoximine,Mole ratio method,Chelate complex,Spectrophotometry
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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MICRODETERMINATION OF CARVEDILOL AND ARIPIPRAZOLE USING HAEMATOXYLIN DYE IN PURE FORM AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS USING SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
摘要： The current study reports about simple, rapid, sensitive and economic spectrophotometric method for determination of the antihypertensive, Carvedilol (CRV) and the antipsychotic, Aripiprazole (ARP) in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations. The suggested method is based on reaction of the studied drugs with haematoxylin reagent in the presence of boric acid to give a reddish violet chromogen at λmax= 560 nm. The percentage recoveries for the suggested method were 99.78±1.10 and 99.97±1.2 within the concentration ranges of 3-16 μg/mL and 8-32 μg/mL for Carvedilol and Aripiprazole respectively. Results show a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 0.63 and 1.79 μg/mL and a quantification limit (LOQ) of 1.91 and 5.42 μg/mL for Carvedilol and Aripiprazole respectively. The method showed excellent precision, with intra and inter-assay precisions of less than 2.0% at all concentrations. The suggested method was applied successfully for determination of the cited drugs in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations without interference of common pharmaceutical excipients with the method procedure. The suggested method was proved to be valid by analyzing both pure and pharmaceutical formulations, comparing the results obtained with those of the reported methods and demonstrating good accuracy and precision results.
关键词： Pharmaceutical formulations,Spectrophotometry,Aripiprazole,Carvedilol,haematoxylin dye
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Predictive equation for post-mortem interval using spectrophotometric values of post-mortem lividity: A pilot study
摘要： The colour of post-mortem lividity and control skin of 86 cadavers was measured spectrophotometrically to obtain L* (value), a* (chroma) and b* (hue) values. In addition, left heart blood (n = 58), right heart blood (n = 57) and blood from the femoral vein (n = 21) were measured. Using these data, we analysed the relationship between post-mortem lividity, control skin and blood colours. L* of post-mortem lividity (L* p) and control skin (L* c) were strongly correlated (r = 0.64). a* and b* of post-mortem lividity (a* p and b* p) significantly increased with an increasing post-mortem interval (PMI) but r2 values were low (0.11 and 0.070, respectively). Predictive equations for post-mortem lividity colour (L* p, a* p and b* p) were developed using control skin colour (L* c, a* c and b* c) and autopsy findings for the first time. The predictive equation for L* p explained almost 65% of the observed L* p. We created predictive equations for PMI with and without blood colour values, and the most accurate equation, which did not use blood colour values, made it possible to estimate PMI within ±10.29 h. Further study of these equations will help us to understand the factors that affect post-mortem lividity colour and increase the accuracy of equations for predicting post-mortem lividity colour and PMI.
关键词： Post-mortem interval,Spectrophotometry,Skin colour,Post-mortem lividity,Blood colour
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Spectrophotometric and RGB performances of a new tetraphenylcyclopenta-derived Schiff base for the quantification of cyanide ions
摘要： In this communication, a new cyanide (CN-) ion selective chromogenic receptor (L) was developed by reacting 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine with 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylcyclopenta-2,4-dienone. The sensing ability of receptor L was studied with different anions such as F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, OH-, CN-, SO4^2-, PO4^3-, CH3COO- and NO3- by visual test, UV-Vis spectrometry and smartphone based RGB tool in THF:H2O (6:4, v/v) media. The receptor L showed a strong absorption band at 412 nm due to the presence of donor and acceptor units that results in an intense ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer (LLCT). Upon interaction with CN-, the L showed a selective colour change from yellow to blue along with the formation of a new UV-Vis band at 615 nm. The absorption spectral studies indicates the formation of a complex between the L and CN- with an estimated association constant of 8.9×10^3 M^-1 and binding stoichiometry between them is 1:1. The binding interaction of L with CN- was examined using 1H NMR and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The sensitivity of L is recognized by limit of detection (LOD) and it is as 1x10^-7 M which is lower than the WHO guidelines (0.02 ppm) in drinking water. The colorimetric change of L has been well integrated with a smartphone RGB color value to make it an analytical signal for real-time analysis of CN- with the detection limit down to 3.98x10^-6 M. The L detects CN- without any interference from other tested anions over a wide pH range 3-10. During measurements of absorbance and RGB values of all tested solutions were adjusted to pH 7.5 Besides, L was applied for the analysis of CN- content present in various eatable samples by spectrophotometry, test paper strips and RGB colour tool.
关键词： smartphone RGB,spectrophotometry,colorimetric sensor,cyanide detection,chromogenic receptor
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Optoelectronic detectors for flow analysis systems manufactured by means of rapid prototyping technology
摘要： A universal, customizable design of 3D printed photometric and fluorometric flow-through detectors have been presented. The developed designs were fabricated with the use of the most affordable 3D printing technique, namely Fused Filament Fabrication, and require no other hardware nor tools to assemble. Numerous variants of detector geometries have been presented also. The designed parameters varied both in aperture (i.e. an internal diameter of the flow channel in an optical path) and in thickness of an absorbing layer. As expected, the geometry of the channels resulted in changes in the internal volumes. Two concepts of fluorometric detectors have also been described. The utility of all developed flow-through detectors was proven with the use of mechanized calibrations of both photometric and fluorometric dyes. Analytical parameters were characterized with the use of two model dyes: bromothymol blue and fluorescein for photometric for fluorometric experiments, respecively The repeatability of the 3D printed vessels was found at 3.5-8% of the mean relative standard deviation (RSD), depending on the construction of the vessel, which is comparable to rather expensive commercially available flow cells. The compatibility of used 3D printing materials was also examined.. For both variants of detection, light emitting diodes were applied as light emitters. As far as the light detectors are concerned, both CCD spectrophotometers and light emitting diodes were used.
关键词： detector,flow vessel,spectrofluorometry,3D-printing,spectrophotometry
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminum Nanoparticles Prepared in Vinegar Using a Pulsed Laser Ablation Technique
摘要： The second harmonic wavelength of a neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd-YAG) laser (λ = 532 nm) was used in a pulsed laser ablation technique (PLAL) to synthesize aluminum nanoparticles suspended in white vinegar from an aluminum target. The nanoparticles were characterized by HRTEM and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. They were found to range in size between 2 and 50 nm in diameter, with an average diameter of 12 ± 9 nm. The nanoparticles had a maximum absorption peak at 237 nm and were found to exhibit a core-shell structure with an Al core coated by a thin layer of an amorphous material which could be attributed to amorphous carbon. HRTEM results revealed that the small nanoparticles (<20 nm) had an fcc phase of aluminum crystalline structure, where the larger particles represented alumina (γ-Al2O3) nanoparticles. Such observation suggests that the use of white vinegar as an ablation medium could facilitate the synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles with minimal evidence of the existence of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in the resultant suspension.
关键词： pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL),UV-Vis spectrophotometry,white vinegar,HRTEM,Aluminum nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Structural and optical properties of nanoparticles formed by laser ablation of porous silicon in liquids: Perspectives in biophotonics
摘要： The paper discusses the possibility of manufacturing silicon nanoparticles, which are suitable for contrasting biological tissues imaged by optical coherence tomography, by femtosecond laser ablation of porous silicon in various liquids. The manufactured nanoparticles are characterised by average sizes of 87, 112, and 102 nm for cases of ablation in water, ethanol, and liquid nitrogen, respectively, as well as a relatively narrow size distribution, which provides additional advantages for subsequent delivery into biological tissues. Electro chemical etching, which results in the formation of layers of porous silicon, allows the yield of ablation products to be increased several-fold by lowering the ablation threshold, thereby increasing the light scattering efficiency of the prepared suspensions compared with the case of using crystalline silicon as targets. The possibility of obtaining high-contrast images of a biotissue phantom based on an agar gel with embedded nanoparticles is shown. The magnitude of the contrast depends on the liquid used for ablation and correlates with the values of the reduced scattering coefficient of the studied suspensions.
关键词： silicon nanoparticles,laser ablation in liquids,atomic force microscopy,light scattering,optical coherence tomography,spectrophotometry
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Measurement and Calculation of Luminous Characteristics of Photovoltaic Glazing Samples
摘要： Photovoltaic glazing is a relatively novel type of glazing material, suitable for application in nearly-zero energy buildings. As a special type of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV), it generates energy from solar radiation and ensures the performance characteristics of building envelope. This paper presents a combined approach of evaluation of luminous characteristics of glazing based on photopic and circadian action spectra. Measurements were performed on 6 photovoltaic glazing samples with amorphous silicon solar cells. The samples differ in type of spacing and rear glazing colour. The results have shown that PV glazing with coloured glazing should be used with caution, especially in rooms with high daylighting requirements. Obtained results can be used during designing process to evaluate impact of PV glazing on visual comfort.
关键词： photovoltaic glazing,spectrophotometry,healthy daylighting
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52