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RbF post deposition treatment for narrow bandgap Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells
摘要： Multi-junction solar cells are known to have a considerably increased efficiency potential over their typical single junction counterparts. In order to produce low cost and lightweight multi-junction devices, the availability of suitable narrow (<1.1 eV) bandgap bottom cells is paramount. A possible absorber for such a bottom cell is the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) compound semiconductor, one of the most efficient thin film materials to date. In this contribution we report on the RbF post deposition treatment of narrow bandgap CIGS absorbers grown with a single bandgap grading approach. We discuss the necessary deposition conditions and the observed improvements on solar cells performance. A certified record efficiency of 18.0 % for an absorber with 1.00 eV optoelectronic bandgap is presented and its suitability for perovskite/CIGS tandem devices is shown.
关键词： Post deposition treatment,Narrow bandgap,Tandem solar cells,Thin film solar cells,photovoltaics,Rubidium fluoride,Copper indium gallium selenide
更新于2025-11-14 17:28:48
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Waikoloa Village, HI, USA (2018.6.10-2018.6.15)] 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Mitigating optical losses in crystalline silicon thin-film solar cells on glass
摘要： Liquid phase crystallized silicon thin-film solar cells on glass provide efficiencies up to 14.2 %. While open-circuit voltage and fill factor are already comparable to wafer-based devices, short-circuit current density is reduced due to incomplete light absorption. This paper analyzes the losses of current device designs in experiment and one-dimensional simulations, revealing the low absorber thickness of 15-20 μm as well as the planar glass-silicon interface as the main cause of non-absorption. Interface textures, in particular a sinusoidal texture and a smooth anti-reflective three-dimensional (SMART) texture, are discussed concerning their potential to mitigate these losses, allowing to reduce losses at the glass-silicon interface by at least 40% relative. Taking the electronic interface quality into account, the SMART texture is identified as the most promising texture for light management in liquid phase crystallized silicon thin-film solar cells on glass.
关键词： light management,thin-film solar cells,absorption enhancement,silicon
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Light management in crystalline silicon thin-film solar cells with imprint-textured glass superstrate
摘要： The implementation of light management textures in thin-film solar cells often simultaneously causes an undesired deterioration of electronic performance. Here, we introduce a simple yet effective technique for improved light management in liquid phase crystallized silicon thin-film solar cells on glass. By imprinting pyramidal textures on the sun-facing side of the glass superstrate, absorber and functional layers of the device remain unaffected while light in-coupling is significantly increased. An increase of short-circuit current density by 2.5 mA cm2 was observed by texturing the glass in this way, corresponding to an enhanced power conversion efficiency from 12.9% to 13.8%. Optical simulations allow to attribute the increase in equal shares to an anti-reflective effect at the air-glass interface as well as light scattering and multiple passes through the glass. The technology allows for independent optimization of optical performance without compromising on electronic material issues and is therefore useable for any other solar cell technology using a glass superstrate.
关键词： Light management,Nano-imprint lithography,Liquid phase crystallization,Thin-film solar cells,Silicon
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Enhanced electrical conductivity of transparent electrode using metal microfiber networks for gridless thin-film solar cells
摘要： Improving the optical transmittance and electrical conductivity in transparent conductors (TC) has been a critical issue for decades due to their numerous applications. In this paper, we suggest an approach to produce extremely conductive TC material from electroplated Ni microfiber networks (NiMFs) in order to achieve highly efficient and aesthetically superior thin-film solar cells and modules. The high cross-sectional aspect ratio of NiMFs significantly enhanced their electrical conductivity and optical transmittance simultaneously. The TC structure employing NiMFs was a successful substitute for conventional patterned grids in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells because it reduced the series resistance, which is especially advantageous for large-area cells. The NiMF-induced transmittance loss was compensated for by the formation of a light diffusion layer on the NiMF. We propose that the excellent performance of NiMF TC materials enables the elimination or significant reduction of the grids in thin-film solar cells and modules.
关键词： Ni fibers,Gridless,Thin-film solar cells,Transparent electrodes
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Voids in Kesterites and the Influence of Lamellae Preparation by Focused Ion Beam for Transmission Electron Microscopy Analyses
摘要： Kesterite solar cells based on Cu2 ZnSnS4 and Cu2 ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) are potential future candidates to be used in thin-film solar cells. The technology still has to be developed to a great extent and for this to happen, high levels of confidence in the characterization methods are required, so that improvements can be made on solid interpretations. In this study, we show that the interpretations of one of the most used characterization techniques in kesterites, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), might be affected by its specimen preparation when using focused ion beam (FIB). Using complementary measurements based on scanning electron microscopy and Raman scattering spectroscopy, compelling evidence shows that secondary phases of ZnSe mixed in the bulk of CZTSe are the likely cause of the appearance of voids in STEM lamellae. Sputtering simulations support this interpretation by showing that Zn in a ZnSe matrix is preferentially sputtered compared with any metal atom in a CZTSe matrix.
关键词： Cu2 ZnSn(S, Se)4 (CZTSSe),thin-film solar cells,transmission electron microscopy (TEM),focused ion beam (FIB),kesterite
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Efficient broadband light absorption in thin-film a-Si solar cell based on double sided hybrid bi-metallic nanogratings
摘要： Thin film solar cells (TFSCs) suffer from poor light absorption due to their small thickness, which limits most of their practical applications. Surface plasmons generated by plasmonic nanoparticles offer an opportunity for a low-cost and scalable method to optically engineer TFSCs. Here, a systematic simulation study is conducted to improve the absorption efficiency of amorphous silicon (a-Si) by incorporating double sided plasmonic bi-metallic (Al–Cu) nanogratings. The upper pair of the gratings together with an antireflection coating are responsible for minimizing the reflection losses and enhancing the absorption of low wavelength visible light spectrum in the active layer. The bottom pairs are accountable for increasing the absorption of long wavelength photons in the active layer. In this way, a-Si, which is a poor absorber in the long wavelength region, is now able to absorb broadband light from 670–1060 nm with an average simulated absorption rate of more than 70%, and improved simulated photocurrent density of 22.30 mA cm?2, respectively. Moreover, simulation results show that the proposed structure reveals many other excellent properties such as small incident angle insensitivity, tunability, and remarkable structural parameters tolerance. Such a design concept is quite versatile and can be extended to other TFSCs.
关键词： amorphous silicon,Thin film solar cells,plasmonic nanoparticles,bi-metallic nanogratings,light absorption
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Development of Combinatorial Pulsed Laser Deposition for Expedited Device Optimization in CdTe/CdS Thin-Film Solar Cells
摘要： A combinatorial pulsed laser deposition system was developed by integrating a computer controlled scanning sample stage in order to rapidly screen processing conditions relevant to CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells. Using this system, the thickness of the CdTe absorber layer is varied across a single sample from 1.5 ??m to 0.75 ??m. The effects of thickness on CdTe grain morphology, crystal orientation, and cell efficiency were investigated with respect to different postprocessing conditions. It is shown that the thinner CdTe layer of 0.75 ??m obtained the best power conversion efficiency up to 5.3%. The results of this work shows the importance that CdTe grain size/morphology relative to CdTe thickness has on device performance and quantitatively exhibits what those values should be to obtain efficient thin-film CdTe/CdS solar cells fabricated with pulsed laser deposition. Further development of this combinatorial approach could enable high-throughput exploration and optimization of CdTe/CdS solar cells.
关键词： combinatorial pulsed laser deposition,power conversion efficiency,grain morphology,CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells,device optimization,crystal orientation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Application of Solution-Processed CuSCN and AgSCN for High Efficient CdTe Solar Cells
摘要： Solution processed CuSCN and AgSCN were employed as Cu and Ag doping source in the CdTe solar cell. The effect of Cu and Ag on the CdTe device performance was investigated. It is promising to show that the CuSCN and AgSCN with similarity role to increase devices performance to power conversion efficiency to 17% and 16%, respectively. The benefit from CuSCN is that the dual role of CuSCN, one is the hole transport layer and one is Cu doping, while AgSCN with a higher resistive may play as Ag doping source with slower diffusion rate.
关键词： Solution Process,CdTe thin film solar cells,CuSCN,AgSCN
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Thin-Film Solar Cells
摘要： Copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cells suffer from high recombination losses at the back contact and parasitic absorption in the front-contact layers. Dielectric passivation layers overcome these limitations and enable an efficient control over interface recombination, which becomes increasingly relevant as thin-film solar cells increase in efficiency and become thinner to reduce the consumption of precious resources. We present the optoelectronic and chemical interface properties of oxide-based passivation layers deposited by atomic layer deposition on CIGS. A suitable postdeposition annealing removes detrimental interface defects and leads to restructuring and oxidation of the CIGS surface. The optoelectronic interface properties are very similar for different passivation approaches, demonstrating that an efficient suppression of interface states is possible independent of the metal used in the passivating oxide. If aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is used as the passivation layer we confirm an additional field-effect passivation due to interface charges, resulting in an efficient interface passivation superior to that of a state-of-the-art cadmium-sulfide (CdS) buffer layer. Based on this chemical interface model we present a full-area rear-interface passivation layer without any contact patterning, resulting in a 1% absolute efficiency gain compared to a standard molybdenum back contact.
关键词： CIGS,CdS,atomic layer deposition,oxidation,thin-film solar cells,recombination losses,Al2O3,interface passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Effect of selenium partial pressure on the performance of Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 solar cells
摘要： Sputtering followed by selenization is one of the most common methods for preparing CZTSSe thin films. However, the influence of selenium partial pressure on the crystallinity of the CZTSSe film has been rarely reported. In this study, CZTSSe thin films were prepared by selenization using quartz tubes of different lengths. The influence of Se saturated vapor pressure and temperature on the structure, composition, optical, and electrical properties of CZTSSe films and solar cells was analyzed and these results were used to optimize the performance of the CZTSSe film. It was found that the maximum partial pressure of selenium was 22,542 Pa when the selenization process was carried out in a quartz tube with a length of 30 cm, which largely improved the structural and electrical properties of CZTSSe. However, quartz tube with an over-short length would bring strong partial pressure during selenization, which resulted in a generation of secondary phases. Finally, CZTSSe thin-film solar cell with a maximum efficiency of 3.27% was obtained at an optimal selenium partial pressure of 22542 Pa.
关键词： CZTSSe,thin-film solar cells,selenium partial pressure,selenization
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57