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High Performance Flexible Transparent Electrode via Onea??Step Multifunctional Treatment for Ag Nanonetwork Composites Semia??Embedded in Lowa??Temperaturea??Processed Substrate for Highly Performed Organic Photovoltaics
摘要： For ideal flexible transparent electrodes, the features of good electrical/optical properties, low surface roughness, efficient charge transportation, robust electrical stability under simultaneously continuous operation bias, and mechanical bending are critical. Herein, a flexible transparent electrode fulfilling all these features is demonstrated by silver (Ag) nanonetwork composites semi-embedded in low-temperature-processed colorless polyimide (cPI), which shows a figure of merit over 1000 (5.4 Ω sq?1 sheet resistance and >94% diffused transmission at 550 nm wavelength), extremely smooth topography (<1 nm root-mean-square roughness and <3 nm peak-to-valley roughness), remarkable bending stability under continuous operation bias, and increased work function favoring the band alignment with typical charge transport layers for efficient devices. These characteristics are attributed to one-step multifunctional chemical treatment on the composite of Ag nanowires and an example polymer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). The strategic one-step process simultaneously offers selective welding at nanowires cross junctions to form an Ag nanonetwork, and removing polyvinylpyrrolidone surfactant from Ag nanowires and PSS from PEDOT:PSS. The flexible electrode also favors the residue-free cPI transfer for applications. Flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) made from the electrode achieve an averaged power conversion efficiency of 14.46% (best, 15.12%), which is the best flexible OSCs reported so far.
关键词： low-temperature substrates,silver nanonetworks,organic solar cells,chemical treatment,flexible transparent electrodes
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Transfer-Free Graphene-Like Thin Films on GaN LED Epiwafers Grown by PECVD Using an Ultrathin Pt Catalyst for Transparent Electrode Applications
摘要： In this work, we grew transfer-free graphene-like thin films (GLTFs) directly on gallium nitride (GaN)/sapphire light-emitting diode (LED) substrates. Their electrical, optical and thermal properties were studied for transparent electrode applications. Ultrathin platinum (2 nm) was used as the catalyst in the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The growth parameters were adjusted such that the high temperature exposure of GaN wafers was reduced to its minimum (deposition temperature as low as 600 °C) to ensure the intactness of GaN epilayers. In a comparison study of the Pt-GLTF GaN LED devices and Pt-only LED devices, the former was found to be superior in most aspects, including surface sheet resistance, power consumption, and temperature distribution, but not in optical transmission. This confirmed that the as-developed GLTF-based transparent electrodes had good current spreading, current injection and thermal spreading functionalities. Most importantly, the technique presented herein does not involve any material transfer, rendering a scalable, controllable, reproducible and semiconductor industry-compatible solution for transparent electrodes in GaN-based optoelectronic devices.
关键词： transparent electrodes,transfer-free,PECVD,LEDs,heat spreading,gallium nitride,graphene
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Data on lateral collection length of charge carriers depending on pre-white-light soaking process for metal mesh transparent electrode based Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells
摘要： The authors have recently reported silver nanowire based Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells [1,2]. Metal mesh based transparent electrodes other than the silver nanowire can be also employed or have a potential to provide a better performance for the solar cells. To select a suitable electrode for a solar cell among metal meshes, it is required to have data on the lateral collection length of charge carriers in the targeted cell. The method to determine the lateral collection has been reported in our previous publication [3]. Here, we report data on the effect of the light intensity during pre-white-light soaking on the lateral charge collection length for metal mesh transparent electrode based Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells.
关键词： Transparent electrodes,Lateral collection length,CIGS,Metal mesh,Silver nanowire,Solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Pure carbon conductive transparent electrodes synthetized by a full laser deposition and annealing process
摘要： One of the biggest challenge that face optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices is the necessity to provide a reliable alternative to transparent conducting oxide (TCO) like Indium Thin Oxide (ITO). We recently published a study proposing a method to produce transparent conductive electrodes only based on carbon materials. In a first step, we use the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) to produce high performance DLC. Those thin films own very interesting properties in kindship with diamond, like high transparency in the visible range, chemical inertness and biocompatibility. In addition, the DLC is a perfect electrical insulator and presents a relative high opacity in ultra-violet (UV). This particularity has a great interest to perform, in a second step, UV laser annealing over the DLC surface. The aim is to break the existing diamond bindings (sp3 hybridization) on the surface and allow atoms being reorganized in graphitic bindings (sp2 hybridization). We demonstrate that the increase of atomic graphitic bindings leads to a valuable surface conductivity. According to optimized annealing parameters, the surface conductivity reaches values comparable to ITO. We also show that the laser treatments only sparsely affects the DLC transparency. Moreover, this full laser-based process remains compatible with the standard microelectronic technological steps.
关键词： Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC),Graphitization,Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD),Transparent electrodes,Laser surface annealing
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Flexible organic photovoltaics based on water-processed silver nanowire electrodes
摘要： A key feature of organic electronic devices is their mechanical flexibility. However, the performance of flexible organic optoelectronic devices still lags behind the performance of devices on rigid substrates. This is due, in particular, to the lack of flexible transparent electrodes that simultaneously offer low resistance, high transparency and a smooth surface. Here, we report flexible transparent electrodes created using water-processed silver nanowires and a polyelectrolyte. Due to ionic electrostatic charge repulsion, the nanowires form grid-like structures in a single step, leading to smooth, flexible electrodes that have a sheet resistance of around 10 Ω □?1 and a transmittance of around 92% (excluding the substrate). To illustrate the potential of the approach in organic electronics, we use the flexible electrodes to create organic photovoltaic devices. The devices are tested with different types of donors and acceptors, and exhibit performance comparable to devices based on commercial rigid electrodes. Furthermore, flexible single-junction and tandem devices achieve power conversion efficiencies of 13.1% and 16.5%, respectively.
关键词： silver nanowires,flexible electronics,transparent electrodes,organic photovoltaics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Propriedades de filmes finos de ZnO:Al depositados sobre substratos de poliimida à temperatura ambiente para aplica??es em dispositivos optoeletr?nicos flexíveis
摘要： This work investigated the properties of ZnO:Al thin films produced by radio frequency magnetron sputtering onto polyimide substrates for use as flexible electrodes in optoelectronic devices. For comparison purposes, films were also grown on soda lime glass. The films were deposited with different working powers, onto substrates kept at room temperature. The effects of the power and thickness on the optical, electrical and structural properties of the films were investigated. Atomic force microscopy images revealed that the films were nanocrystalline, with low surface roughness. Values of sheet resistance and transmittance in the visible range were 8 ?/sq (corresponding to 6x10-4 W.cm) and 75%, respectively, which can be considered satisfactory, particularly taking into consideration that deposition was carried out at room temperature.
关键词： transparent electrical contacts,ZnO:Al,flexible transparent electrodes
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14