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Ultracompact and Unidirectional On-Chip Light Source Based on Epsilon-Near-Zero Materials in an Optical Communication Range
摘要： An on-chip light source is one of the essential components for integrated photonic circuits and quantum-information processing chips. To date, it has been a great challenge to construct an on-chip light source with high directionality, high collection efficiency, and ultrasmall feature size simultaneously in the optical communication range. Here, an on-chip light source, consisting of a circular paraboloid etched in an aluminum-doped zinc-oxide film, which is an epsilon-near-zero material, is experimentally realized at 1550 nm. Photons emitted from the a PbS quantum-dot cluster placed near the focal point of this paraboloid are reflected into a directional parallel beam due to the large impedance mismatch between aluminum-doped zinc oxide and ambient medium. An ultrasmall emission divergence angle of only ±3°, and an ultrahigh directional emission contrast ratio of 44 dB are achieved from the ultracompact device with a feature size of only 1.5 μm. Also, an ultrahigh collection efficiency of up to 92% is predicted by simulation. This work not only opens an alternative way for the realization of integrated photonic devices based on epsilon-near-zero materials, but also provides another method for the precise assembling of composite functional nanostructures.
关键词： nanomanipulation,on-chip light source,optical communication,epsilon-near-zero materials,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Ultrafast Epoxy–Amine Photopolyaddition
摘要： A new generation of light-induced production of polymeric materials is presented here. In detail, we propose to use photoacidic catalysis during the well-known epoxy?amine polyaddition reaction: it is now referred to as “epoxy?amine photopolyaddition”. Soft irradiation (405 nm visible light, 150?450 mW/cm2) of a photosensitizer/iodonium salt system leads to the production of superacids (e.g., H+, PF6?) that spectacularly enhance state-of-the-art epoxy?amine polyaddition kinetics: <3 min is necessary to obtain full conversion when >3 h is required to complete the reaction without light. Also, photoactivation greatly enhances final epoxy and amine conversions which resulted in increases (+15 °C) of the glass transition temperature of the final 3D polymer networks. This work clearly shows the extremely versatile applications for epoxy?amine photopolyaddition: thin layers (40 μm), thick layers (up to 2.5 cm), and composites (45 wt % fillers). This work paves the path toward ultrafast production of epoxy?amine composites and adhesives.
关键词： composites,photoacidic catalysis,visible light,superacids,polymer networks,epoxy?amine photopolyaddition,adhesives
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46