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Laser Preparing Tunable Wrinkles on the Surface of PDMS with Assistance of Pre-strain Stress
摘要： Micro directional wrinkles are widely used to functionalize the surface inside micro chips. In this paper, a nano-second laser, with the assistance of pre-strain stress, was applied to prepare tunable wrinkles on the surface of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane). Experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of the pre-strain stress and the laser fluence on the wrinkles, like the direction and the wavelength. It was noticed that wrinkles prepared in the process grown vertically to the direction of the pre-strain stress. The wrinkles wavelength increased from about 500nm to 2.5μm when the power shifted from 5W to 8W. And strengthening the pre-strain stress sharply reduced the wavelength at the beginning then the trend was slowed down and some cracks were observed. And the end, a model was proposed to tune the pattern of wrinkles by precisely control pre-strain stress and the laser power. With that, several pattern of wrinkles was prepared.
关键词： Pre-strain,bio-application,surface modification,wrinkles,PDMS
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Enhanced Resonant Faraday Rotation in Multilayer Magnetoplasmonic Nanohole Arrays and Their Sensing Application
摘要： The optical and magneto-plasmonic properties of Ag/Co and Ag/Co/Ag multilayer nano-hole arrays have been investigated. By including a top- and bottom-Ag plasmonic layer onto a Co ferromagnetic perforated film, strong extraordinary optical transmission peaks and Wood’s anomalies (transmission minima) at both film-air and film-glass interfaces of the film are observed. The coupling between plasmonics and magneto-optics in the arrays gives rise to several resonantly enhanced Faraday rotation peaks that are much sharper than the plasmonic peaks/dips. The rotation peaks appeared exactly at the transmission minima have widths as narrow as 13 nm, which are much narrower than the transmission peaks (> 100 nm) and the accompanying transmission dips (~ 52 nm). The narrow line width of this enhanced Faraday rotation peak allows at least 2 times enhancement of the sensing performance, which is characterized by figure of merit, in compare to any other features of the optical transmission spectra.
关键词： Magnetic,Nano-Hole Arrays,Sensing Application,Hybrid Materials,Plasmonics,Magneto-Plasmonic,Faraday Rotation,Optical
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Promoting STEM Education Through Sustainable Manufacturing: Case Study of Photovoltaic Toys
摘要： There is an increasing trend of renewable energy applications as a means of energy source in Tanzania. Many initiatives on renewable energy applications are focused on increasing their accessibility and usability preferably for electrification of Off-grid rural areas. In addition to providing eco-friendly energy supply, renewable energy applications have a great potential in addressing other socio-economic challenges including motivation of students to pursue Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects and careers. A pilot project was conducted to examine the use of the renewable energy application as a tool for promoting STEM subjects to secondary school students in Tanzania. Through sustainable manufacturing approach, a sample of three different photovoltaic toys was produced by re-designing second-hand toys together with re-using waste-broken solar panels. This serves as an edutainment to enhance STEM teaching and learning that can easily and sustainably be adopted with the local context.
关键词： Renewable Energy Application,STEM,Tanzania,Sustainable Manufacturing
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Synthesis and characterization of Electro-Optics BaxB2xOy for Engineering Application
摘要： In this research, the dimensionality of a new electro-optics material for engineering application is presented. The choice of BaxB2xOy was borne from existing literatures. BaxB2xOy electro-optic specimen was prepared by standard solid-state reaction. The characterization was done by transmission electron microscopy (TEM)). The analysis of the images was done using ImageJ and CERN-Root software. The results presented show prospects of an extensive product utilization.
关键词： engineering application,characterization,synthesis,electro-optics
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Electrical Properties of CdTe/CdS Solar Cells
摘要： The effect of Co-60 Gamma irradiation on electrical characteristics of CdTe/CdS solar cell has been analyzed using in-situ current-voltage characterization (I-V) in dark condition. The irradiation was done over a wide range of doses from 1kGy to 100 kGy. Electrical parameters such as ideality factor (n), series resistance (RS) and reverse bias leakage current (IR) for each dose have been calculated from the I-V characteristics. The ideality factor of the pristine solar cell is found to be 1.80 and it gradually increased up to 3.38 for the dose of 10 kGy, then it is around 3.38-3.61 for higher doses up to 100 kGy. The I-V characteristics showed significant increase in forward bias and drastic increase in reverse leakage current. The value of IR is 16.8 μA for pristine solar cell and it increases to 1.46 mA for 10 kGy. Further there is four times observable change in the value of IR. However the value of Rs is 0.80 ohm for pristine and continuously decreases to 0.34 ohm for 50 kGy dose. Further there is slight increase in the series resistance to 0.38 ohm for 100 kGy dose.
关键词： CdS,Radiation hardness,CdTe,Space application,Solar cells,Gamma Irradiation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Accuracy Improvement Method of Energy Storage Utilization with DC Voltage Estimation in Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants
摘要： In regard to electric devices, currently designed large-scale distributed generation systems require a precise prediction strategy based on the composition of internal component owing to an environmental ?uctuating condition and forecasted power variation. A number of renewable resources, such as solar or marine based energies, are made up of a low voltage direct current (DC) network. In addition to actively considering a power compensation plan, these generation systems have negative e?ects, which can be induced to a connected power system. When a storage is connected to a DC-based generation system on an inner network along with other generators, a precise state analysis plan should back the utilization process. This paper presents a cooperative operating condition, consisting of the shared DC section, which includes photovoltaic (PVs) and energy storage devices. An active storage management plan with voltage-expectation is introduced and compared via a commercialized electro-magnetic transient simulation tool with designed environmental conditions. Owing to their complexity, the case studies were sequentially advanced by dividing state analysis veri?cation and storage device operation.
关键词： ESS application,DC power ?ow,PV diagnosis,hybrid generation system,DC system dynamics
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A computational approach to study the optoelectronic properties of F-BODIPY derivatives at the bulk level for photovoltaic applications
摘要： The Dipyrrin compounds are recognized as imminent and hi-tech organic semiconductor materials (OSMs) designed for photovoltaic applications owing to low-cost, flexible, and eco-friendly nature. In a latest study, several optoelectronic properties of conjugated F-BODIPY derivatives were studied by using the density functional theory (DFT) at (GGA/PBE) level. This analysis classifies Comp_1 (5,5-difluoro-1,37,9-tetramethyloctahydro-1H,5H-5l4-dipyrrolo[1,2-c:2',1'-f][1,3,2]diazaborinine) as a direct band-gap semiconductor with a band-gap of 2.81 eV. The band-gap of Comp_2 (2-ethyl-5,5-difluoro-1,3,7,9-tetramethyloctahydro-1H,5H-5l4-dipyrrolo[1,2-c:2',1'-f][1,3,2]diazaborinine) and Comp_3 (2,8-diethyl-5,5-difluoro-1,3,7,9-tetramethyloctahydro-1H,5H-5l4-dipyrrolo[1,2-c:2',1'-f] [1,3,2] diazaborinine) are reduced by 1.25 and 1.09 eV, respectively in comparison with parent molecule Comp_1 owing to the influence of p- orbitals of all atoms in crystal structures. The reduction in energy and density of states (DOS) for these compounds in this study validated that band-gap could be improved to a required value for optoelectronic applications by derivatives modeling. Additionally, optoelectronic properties at the solid-state bulk level were also computed. Several features of interest at solid-state bulk level exposed the F-BODIPY derivatives as competent compounds for organic semiconductor devices applications.
关键词： Bandgap,Bulk level,Photovoltaic application,F-BODIPYs,Organic semiconductor
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Physical properties of cerium doped-yttrium iron garnet ultrathin films for photovoltaic application
摘要： In this study, cerium incorporated yttrium iron garnet ultrathin films (CexY3-xFe5O12) (where x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) were prepared by the sol-gel method, spin coating technique, and heat treatment on quartz substrates. The effect of Ce on structural properties, morphology of thin films surface, and optical properties was explored by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission microscopy (FESEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). According to the XRD results, the films were crystalline with the cubic phase, while the FESEM indicated the YIG nanoparticles with approximately spherical shapes. The growth process of crystallite in YIG nanoparticles was investigated by X-ray peak broadening. The Williamson-Hall (W–H) analysis was utilized to maintain the contributions of crystallite size on the peak broadening of Ce:YIG nanoparticles. The structural features of thin films such as strain and stress for all of the peaks of XRD were accurately determined from the uniform deformation model (UDM) according to the YIG cubic phase. According to the AFM pictures, it seemed that thin films had a continuous and smooth surface. The absorption and transmission were measured in the visible and infrared region from 400 to 1200 nm.
关键词： Structural features,Cerium yttrium iron garnet thin films,Photovoltaic application,Optical properties,Sol-gel
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A sensitive photochemical reaction-capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection system for HPLC and its application in determination of Cyclosporin A
摘要： High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) post-column photochemical reaction (PR) coupled capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D) was used for the first time in analysis of weak ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing, non-fluorescence and nonpolar compound. A series of conditions including the radiation power of light source, the length of the reaction tube and the thickness of detection tube were investigated. HPLC-PR-C4D system was successfully applied to the determination of Cyclosporin A (CsA). Consequently, under optimal conditions, the detection system exhibited a detection limit of 0.04 μg/mL and wide linear range from 0.5 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL for CsA detection. Application of the HPLC-PR- C4D system to pharmaceutical formulation and biological samples revealed the system developed maybe reliably applied to clinical studies.
关键词： Photochemical reaction,Cyclosporin A,HPLC,Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection,Application
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Temperature sensitivity investigation of tapered plastic optical fiber-Mach Zehnder interferometer for sensor application
摘要： Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on plastic optical fiber (POF) is interesting due to its robustness and simple fabrication. In this work, MZI-POF was designed and its sensitivity to temperature change was characterized to investigate its performance for sensor application. The MZI-POF was fabricated by forming two tapers at several distance by simple heat-pull method. The spectra was investigated by launching white light emitting diode (LED) and the output were observed using VIS-NIR spectrometer. It is shown that the wavelength of spectrum peak and spectrum dip were shifted compared to that of un-tapered POF which indicates that the structure serves well as MZI. Sensor sensitivity to temperature was determined by measuring the spectrum for various temperature which was varied from 40oC to 80oC with increment of 5oC. The result showed that the sensor sensitivity is 0.0693nm/oC in terms of peak measurement and 0.0487nm/oC for dip measurement. Therefore, MZI-POF is a potential candidate for temperature sensor.
关键词： Mach Zehnder interferometer,temperature sensitivity,sensor application,plastic optical fiber
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04