- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells with directly sputtered amorphous InZnSnO top cathodes for building integrated photovoltaics
摘要： We report on a low plasma damage sputtering amorphous InZnSnO (IZTO) top cathode prepared using linear facing target sputtering (LFTS) at room temperature for semi-transparent perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to be applied as building integrated photovoltaics. The effective confinement of high-density plasma between InZnO and InSnO targets by directional magnet fields and negative bias applied simultaneously on both targets led to the successful sputtering of the amorphous IZTO top cathode on the semi-transparent PSCs without plasma damage or degradation of PSC performance. At an optimal sputtering condition of the IZTO top cathode, the semi-transparent PSC showed an open circuit voltage (1.056 V), short circuit current (16.79 mA/cm2), fill factor (51.19 %), and power conversion efficiency (9.081 %) comparable to those of reference PSC with an Ag metal top cathode. Based on synchrotron GIWAXS and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy examinations, we suggested a possible mechanism with which to explain the plasma damage effect on the performance of PCSs while sputtering IZTO top cathode on semi-transparent PSCs.
关键词： Low plasma damage,top cathode,InZnSnO,Linear facing target sputtering,Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Development of Smart Structure for Satellite Using Optical Fiber Sensors
摘要： 本開発では，はじめに，宇宙熱環境における太陽電池パネルの熱構造設計を地上試験で検証するため，光ファイバセンサを活用した健全性評価手法を開発した．本手法により，低温環境でのサブストレートのディンプル変形に起因するパネル内部の損傷発生を光ファイバセンサで検知できることを示した．次に，その開発技術を応用し，センサの着脱工程を削減して試験工期を短縮するため，光ファイバセンサ一体型衛星構造「スマート熱構造」の開発に取り組んだ．光ファイバ温度センサを開発し，数十点規模の温度センサとひずみセンサを備えた実験モデルを試作し，その製造性を確認した．また，その実験モデルを用いて，熱真空試験や四点曲げ試験を実施し，従来センサとほぼ同等の精度にて温度やひずみが計測できることを示した．さらに，スマート熱構造に搭載した電子機器内の部品にも温度センサを取り付けて動作試験を行い，従来では取得できなかった狭小部の温度も計測した．これらの結果から，スマート熱構造が実現可能であることを示した．
关键词： CFRP,Strain,Temperature,Multi-point measurement,Smart structure,Satellite,Optical fiber sensor,Damage detection
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
The impact of nano-bubbles on the laser performance of hafnia films deposited by oxygen assisted ion beam sputtering method
摘要： Hafnia is a high refractive index material used in the manufacturing of dielectric coatings for next generation lasers. The formation of defects during deposition is the major barrier to realizing high laser-damage resistant coatings for future high energy density laser applications. Understanding the precursors responsible for laser-induced damage in hafnia is therefore critical. In this work, we investigate the mechanism of laser-induced damage in 90-nm thick hafnia films produced by an oxygen assisted dual ion beam sputtering (IBS) process. Under pulsed, nanosecond ultraviolet laser exposure (355 nm, 8 ns), the laser-induced damage onset is found to be strongly dependent on the amount of argon and excessive oxygen entrapped in the nanobubbles within the hafnia films. The presence of nanobubbles is revealed and confirmed by small angle X-ray scattering and scanning/transmission electron microscopy coupled with high-angle annular dark-field. The damage onset is stable initially but decreases as the energy of oxygen goes beyond 100 eV. The damage initiation is ascribed to a laser-induced plasma generation within the nanobubbles through multiphoton ionization. The results reveal that nanobubbles formed in the IBS produced coatings are a potent precursor. Although nanobubbles are commonly present in IBS films, their negative impact on laser damage resistance of hafnia films has not been previously recognized. Our findings provide a fundamental basis for the development of potential mitigation strategies required for the realization of laser damage resistant hafnia films.
关键词： laser-induced damage,multiphoton ionization,ion beam sputtering,hafnia,nanobubbles
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Growth, structural, Hirshfeld surface, optical, laser damage threshold, dielectric and chemical etching analysis of 4-dimethylaminopyridinium 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol (DMAPNP)?single crystal
摘要： The organic 4-dimethylaminopyridinium 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol (DMAPNP) single crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at 35 °C. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the grown crystal belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system with the space group of P212121. Different functional groups were affirmed using FT-IR and FT-Raman analysis. The intermolecular interactions of the DMAPNP molecule were executed using Hirshfeld surface study. The Mulliken atomic charge population analysis was performed using density functional theory (DFT). The bonding interactions between two orbital atoms and groups were executed by the density of state (DOS). The optical transmittance study shows that the grown crystal has 60 to 78% transmittance in the Vis–NIR region. It has an emission peak at 482 nm in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The photoconductivity analysis shows that the DMAPNP has negative photoconductive behavior. The thermal stability of the DMAPNP crystal was investigated by TG–DTA analysis. The etch pit density of the title crystal was investigated using chemical etching study. The mechanical stability of the DMAPNP crystal was tested by Vickers microhardness tester. Laser damage threshold analysis reveals that the DMAPNP is stable up to 10 mJ of laser power. The dielectric properties were assessed and the electronic polarizability of the DMAPNP was evaluated by the different empirical relations. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of DMAPNP crystal was measured by Kurtz–Perry powder technique.
关键词： optical,4-dimethylaminopyridinium 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol (DMAPNP) single crystal,Growth,chemical etching analysis,dielectric,Hirshfeld surface,structural,laser damage threshold
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
From CuFeS <sub/>2</sub> to Ba <sub/>6</sub> Cu <sub/>2</sub> FeGe <sub/>4</sub> S <sub/>16</sub> : rational band gap engineering achieves large second-harmonic-generation together with high laser damage threshold
摘要： A new germanium-based sulfide, Ba6Cu2FeGe4S16, achieves a band-gap broadening of more than 1 eV relative to CuFeS2. Remarkably, Ba6Cu2FeGe4S16 exhibits excellent comprehensive NLO performance (SHG, 1.5 (cid:2) AgGaSe2; LDT, 2 (cid:2) AgGaSe2), satisfying the essential requirements of mid-IR NLO candidates.
关键词： laser damage threshold,mid-IR NLO materials,germanium-based sulfide,second-harmonic-generation,band-gap engineering
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Characterization of manufacturing-induced surface scratches and their effect on laser damage resistance performance of diamond fly-cut KDP crystal
摘要： Manufacturing-induced defects have drawn more and more attentions to improve the laser damage resistance performance of KDP crystal applied in high-power laser systems. Here, the morphology of surface scratches on diamond ?y-cut KDP crystal is characterized and their e?ect on the laser damage resistance is theoretically and experimentally investigated. The results indicate that surface scratches could lower laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) by modulating incident lasers and producing resultant local light intensi?cations. The induced maximum light intensity enhancement factors (LIEFs) are dependent on scratch shapes and dimensions. The di?raction e?ects originating from scratch edges are responsible for the strongest light intensi?cation. Even for ultra-precision ?nished KDP surface with scratches that well satisfy the currently applied scratch/dig speci?cation, the induced LIEFs are quite high, indicating that the actual defect dimension allowance should be amended and speci?ed according to the defect-induced LIEFs. The e?ect of scratches on laser damage resistance is experimentally veri?ed by the tested LIDT, which is approximately consistent with the simulation one. The morphologies of laser damage sites further con?rm the role of scratches in lowering LIDT. This work could o?er new perspective and guidance for fully evaluating the performance of ultra-precision manufactured optical materials applied in high-power laser facilities.
关键词： Laser damage resistance performance,KDP crystal,Manufacturing-induced defects,Diamond ?y-cutting,Light intensi?cation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
[Laser Institute of America ILSC? 2019: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference - South Kissimmee, Florida, USA (March 18–21, 2019)] International Laser Safety Conference - Visible lesion threshold modeling of skin laser exposure at 1070-nm
摘要： Computational models are capable of quantifying the expected thermal response of biological tissue to laser irradiation. A typical laser-tissue model accounts for optical energy deposition, heat transfer, and damage assessment, with calculation of the Arrhenius integral. Previous studies have successfully employed these methods to predict skin damage thresholds at laser wavelengths with high absorption in water, and usually for single continuous-wave exposures. However, there remains a need for a robust and accurate predictive model in low-absorption, high-scattering cases, such as for lasers in the near-infrared (NIR) region near 1 μm, where a large volume of tissue is heated simultaneously. This study presents a framework for modeling laser irradiation of skin tissue at 1070-nm for both continuous-wave and pulsed exposures with durations ranging from 10-2 to 101 seconds. We report the modeled skin thermal responses alongside thermal camera recordings of in-vivo porcine exposures as validation of simulation integrity. Comparisons of modeled damage thresholds calculated by the Arrhenius integral with past experimentally-determined minimum visible lesion ED50 data demonstrate a high degree of accuracy. The techniques outlined by this study provide a useful tool in assessing potentially hazardous near-infrared laser exposure scenarios while informing future investigations into modeling skin laser exposure at these wavelength regions.
关键词： near-infrared,Arrhenius integral,laser-tissue interaction,skin damage thresholds,computational modeling
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
The effect of low level laser irradiation on oxidative stress, muscle damage and function following neuromuscular electrical stimulation. A double blind, randomised, crossover trial
摘要： Background: Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is among novel methods for preventing and treating muscle damage and soreness induced by volitional exercise, but little is known about using LLLT before neuromuscular electrical stimulation. The aim of this first randomised, double blind, crossover trial addressing this issue was to evaluate effects of LLLT on muscle damage and oxidative stress, as well as recovery of muscle function after a single session of isometric neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES). Methods: Twenty four moderately active, healthy men aged 21–22 years received 45 electrically evoked tetanic, isometric contractions of the quadriceps femoris, preceded by LLLT or sham-LLLT. Maximal isometric voluntary muscle torques, perceived soreness, and blood samples were analysed from baseline to 96 h post intervention. We measured plasma markers of muscle damage (the activity of creatine kinase), and inflammation (C-reactive protein), and evaluated redox state parameters. Results: NMES-evoked contractions induced oxidative stress, demonstrated by an increase in lipid peroxidation and impairments in enzymatic antioxidant system. LLLT irradiations had a protective effect on NMES-induced decrease in enzymatic antioxidant defence and shortened the duration of inflammation. This effect of irradiations on redox state and inflammation did not affect lipid peroxidation, muscle damage, and muscle torque. Conclusions: LLLT may protect from impairments in enzymatic antioxidant system and may shorten inflammation induced by a single NMES session in moderately active, healthy men. However, the effects of LLLT on redox state and inflammatory processes do not seem to affect muscle damage and recovery of muscle function after NMES.
关键词： Photobiomodulation,Evoked contractions,Knee extensors,DOMS,Biochemistry,Exercise-induced muscle damage
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
The damage mechanism and process of metal multi-layer dielectric gratings induced by ps-pulsed laser
摘要： In the present paper, we have prepared a multi-layer grating on a layer of gold ?lm. The gratings laser damage threshold and damage morphologies have been tested using an 800 nm wavelength, 450 ps laser pulse. The gratings laser damage threshold is 0.95 J/cm2. Based on the tested damage characteristics and the calculated temperature ?eld and stress ?eld in gratings, the gratings damage mechanism has been analyzed. In theoretical calculation, the ionization process of dielectric layers in gratings and the distribution as well as evolution of the dielectric absorption coe?cient have been considered. It can be concluded that the gratings damage process is thermal ablation action dominated.
关键词： ps-pulsed laser,Metal multi-layer dielectric gratings,Laser damage
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Effects of the gamma-ray irradiation on the structure, spectral and laser damage threshold of Nd:GSAG crystal
摘要： Nd:GSAG crystal was irradiated by 60Co gamma-ray with the irradiation doses of 0, 2, 10 and 20 Mrad, respectively, to investigate its radiation resistant properties. XRD and Raman spectra characterization results indicate that the crystal structure was unchanged by the irradiation. Therefore, the color change of the crystal caused by irradiation could be attributed to the formation of the color centers inside the crystal. Only slightly decreased of the transmittance and laser damage threshold of the crystal with the irradiation dose of 20 Mrad indicate the crystal is of excellent radiation resistant ability. All the results suggest that Nd:GSAG crystal can be considered as a potential laser gain medium for being used in radiant environment.
关键词： Gamma-ray,Damage threshold,Nd:GSAG,Laser gain medium,Radiation resistant
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52