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Techno‐economic assessment of solar photovoltaic integration into national grids: A case study of Burkina Faso
摘要： To promote a low‐carbon society, it is urgent to better integrate renewable energies into energy supply systems. This paper examines the impact of solar photovoltaic (PV) integration into the national electrical grid in Burkina Faso on the electricity production cost. The analysis is based on the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) technique. Several levels of PV integration have been considered namely 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the total installed capacity. First, the results revealed all the configurations with PV integration are more attractive and cost‐effective compared with the conventional diesel standalone electricity system. The sensitivity analysis shows that the configuration with 80% PV is the most attractive when compared to the other ones as it has the lowest LCOE and CO2 emissions compared with the other scenarios. This paper also shows that in the context of rising fuel prices and environmental concern, the electricity production based on diesel standalone system is not a viable solution for Burkina Faso at the moment. Finally, the results revealed that subsidies offered by the government of Burkina Faso to support the electricity production cost will be more effective for a system with PV integration. This paper gives detail highlights of solution for policymakers to make useful investment in solar energy and widen the access to electricity in Burkina Faso.
关键词： Burkina Faso,optimization,solar photovoltaic,levelized cost of electricity,diesel generator,grid integration
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Optimal Operation of PV-DG-battery based Microgrid with Power Quality Conditioner
摘要： This paper presents an optimal control operation of a photovoltaic (PV)-battery based standalone microgrid, feeding nonlinear loads. To ensure continuous power supply to the critical loads during low insolation or low battery state of charge (SOC), a diesel generator (DG) is used as an auxiliary generator. This cost effective hybrid system with maximum utilization of the renewable as well as fossil fuel based generators, can be employed in hospitals, telecom stations in remote areas. In order to nullify the effect of nonlinear loads on the DG, modified enhanced phase locked loop (EPLL) based power quality conditioner is used. The characteristic equation of conventional EPLL is amplitude dependent, thus, the controller tuning parameters need to be modified if input signal varies over a large range. The presented controller overcomes this problem making the system more robust in eliminating noise & harmonics, and extracting fundamental component of given signal. This component is drawn from the DG with the help of voltage source converter, thus, making its current always distortion free. The proposed control scheme is simulated in MATLAB. Furthermore, experimental verification is done on a laboratory prototype of the same. The steady state and dynamic responses of the system validate its satisfactory performance.
关键词： EPLL,laboratory prototype,microgrid,power quality conditioner,battery,photovoltaic,nonlinear loads,MATLAB,diesel generator
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A multiobjective approach for design of an off-grid PV/Diesel system considering reliability and cost
摘要： The aim of the present study is to solve multiobjective optimization (MO) of an off-grid hybrid power generation system including photovoltaic (PV) and diesel generator by multiobjective version of a recently developed metaheuristic approach named crow search algorithm (CSA). For this goal, the objective functions are regarded as net present cost (NPC) and system reliability defined by loss of power supply probability (LPSP) index. In the optimization problem, operating limitations of diesel generator and uncertainties of solar radiation and load demand are considered. To solve this problem, a multiobjective CSA (MO-CSA) is developed and the obtained results are compared with the results of nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). On the case study, simulation results reveals that when diesel generator ramp rate is 100%, at LPSP = 0, MO-CSA reaches to 54.8 kW and 172.8 m2 for rated power of diesel generator and PV surface area (corresponding cost is 3.7219 × 105 $), while the values found by NSGA-II are 55 kW and 86.04 m2 (corresponding cost is 3.7345 × 105 $). Based on the results, it can be drawn that (1) MO-CSA finds more promising results than NSGA-II, (2) Combination of PV and diesel generator leads to having a cost-effective and reliable power generation system, and (3) by considering the solar radiation and load uncertainties, the system cost increases.
关键词： crow search algorithm,hybrid photovoltaic/diesel system,multiobjective optimization
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Spray characteristics of a gasoline-diesel blend (ULG75) using high-speed imaging techniques
摘要： Partially-premixed compression-ignition (PPCI) is an advanced combustion mode that simultaneously reduces particulate and NOx emissions. Fuels with properties intermediate to that of gasoline and diesel are preferred for PPCI. This paper is a follow-on to a recent work published in Fuel from the authors’ research group on the topic of PPCI combustion with ULG75 (75 vol% gasoline/25 vol% diesel). That paper reported the opportunity of using ULG75 and hot external exhaust-gas-recirculation (EGR) for solving the low-load combustion-stability issue caused by the low reactivity of ULG75. That paper also concluded that ‘It was not possible to obtain stable ULG75 PPCI combustion without using low fuel injection pressure’. Additionally, from the point of ULG75’s volatility and viscosity, it does not require as high injection pressure as diesel. This paper assesses the spray characteristics (spray morphology, penetration length, cone angle and droplet size) of ULG75 at low injection pressures (Pinj = 35/75 MPa). In this work, high-speed macroscopic imaging (0.25 million fps) was carried out at back-pressure (BP) of 0.1/4.0 MPa, and ambient temperature (Ta) of 25/125 °C. In addition, ultra-high speed microscopic imaging (1 million fps) was carried out at BP = 4 MPa and Ta = 25 °C. The same tests were conducted for diesel, and the results were used for comparisons. Under preheated ambient condition (Ta = 125 °C), ULG75 showed a noticeable improvement in the spray quality as compared to the non-evaporative condition (Ta = 25 °C), indicated by a shorter spray penetration length, larger spray cone angle and spray area. However, no such changes were observed for diesel spray upon increasing Ta from 25 °C to 125 °C. Both Pinj and BP strongly affected the spray penetration length evolution. However, they showed limited impacts on spray cone angle and spray area. In addition to the experimental study, empirical estimations were conducted to predict the spray penetration length, air entrainment and spray droplet size. The calculations predicted smaller SMD for ULG75 than diesel at all conditions and also indicated ambient temperature as a key factor affecting the spray quality, especially at low injection pressures.
关键词： Diesel-gasoline blend,PPCI,Low injection pressure,Spray
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Sparse NIR Optimization method (SNIRO) to quantify analyte composition with visible (VIS)/near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (350nm-2500nm)
摘要： Visual-Near-Infra-Red (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy has led the revolution in high-throughput phenotyping methods used to determine chemical and structural elements of organic materials. In the current state of the art, spectrophotometers used for imaging techniques are either very expensive or too large to be used as a field-operable device. In this study we developed a Sparse NIR Optimization method (SNIRO) that selects a pre-determined number of wavelengths that enable quantification of analytes in a given sample using linear regression. We compared the computed complexity time and the accuracy of SNIRO to Marten’s test, to forward selection test and to LASSO all applied to the determination of protein content in corn flour and meat and octane number in diesel using publicly available datasets. In addition, for the first time, we determined the glucose content in the green seaweed Ulva sp., an important feedstock for marine biorefinery. The SNIRO approach can be used as a first step in designing a spectrophotometer that can scan a small number of specific spectral regions, thus decreasing, potentially, production costs and scanner size and enabling the development of field-operable devices for content analysis of complex organic materials.
关键词： Imaging,VIS/NIR spectroscopy,Ulva sp.,Chemometrics,Multivariate Analysis,Diesel Octane Number,seaweeds,Sparse Linear Regression
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Performance investigation of a hybrid PV-diesel power system for remote areas
摘要： Algeria is in a region with an enormous potential of solar energy for power generation. However, photovoltaic (PV) power plants have not yet been developed sufficiently in the country, and its applications such as PV pumping, solar distillation, and solar heating. The main problem is the high maintenance, operating costs, fossil‐fuel transportation, and CO2 emission of Bordj Badji Mokhtar's (BBM's) diesel power plant that exhibits a noteworthy issue in south Algeria. This paper presents the results of a theoretical and experimental study for PV/diesel hybrid energy system (HES) considering the load demand profile and the solar radiation in isolated area of south Algeria. Suggested hybridization based on a renewable energy with a view to an improved environment is promising. Study results show the performance of PV/diesel system based on solar radiation. The experiment load curve in this typical area may conduct the diesel generator to operate at 60% to 70% of its nominal power with less fuel consumption, and it has been verified during this study that the implementation of a PV/diesel hybrid system is efficient for higher load and higher solar radiation. Results and discussions are encouraging considering less emission of greenhouse gases and less storage of fuel, which drives the government to draw a political arrangement for the improvement of cleaner forms of electricity generation.
关键词： hybrid energy system (HES),PV generator,CO2 emission,South Algeria,diesel power plant,fuel consumption,solar radiation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Nanocrystalline ZnO doped lanthanide oxide: An efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of diesel pollutant in seawater under visible light irradiation
摘要： In this study, a ZnO doped Er2O3 photocatalyst is employed to degrade diesel pollutant in seawater under visible light irradiation. The photocatalyst was prepared by a precipitation method and was characterized by SEM and XRD analysis. The experimental results proved that the nanocrystalline photocatalysts were highly active in the visible region. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of diesel was analysed by various experimental parameters namely dosage, doping ratio, initial concentration of diesel, pH value, concentration of H2O2 and illumination time. The degradation of diesel pollution in seawater was optimized by orthogonal experiment. According to the results, the removal rate of diesel is less than 30 % without any catalysts (only evaporation). The best effect exists when the dose of catalysts was 0.6 g/L, doping ratio of catalysts was 10%, initial concentration of diesel was 0.2 g/L, pH value was 8, concentration of H2O2 was 10 mg/L, illumination time was 1 h. The removal rate of diesel can reach 99.38 %. This study would make ZnO utilize sunlight more efficiently and accelerate the practical application of photocatalytic technology in organic pollutants treatment region.
关键词： visible light irradiation,photocatalyst,Er2O3,diesel pollutant,seawater,ZnO
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Using the Moebius Transformation to Predict the Effect of Source Impedance on Insertion Loss
摘要： Knowledge of the strength and internal impedance of the sound source is essential to predict the overall acoustic performance of an exhaust or intake system. Source impedance is sometimes measured directly using a strong external source. At other times, a suitable external source is difficult to identify and an indirect multi-load method is used to determine source impedance and strength. Data can be processed using the commonly used circuit analogy or via a similar wave decomposition model. In this work, the two processing schemes are used to determine the source impedance and strength of a diesel engine. Results are compared to one another and to assumed source impedances and equations in the literature for source strength. The sound pressure in the exhaust is predicted from the measured source strength and impedance and compared with measurement. There is good agreement especially at the first few harmonics of the firing frequency. It is then observed that the equation relating the source impedance to the acoustic response is in the form of the Moebius transformation, which maps straight lines or circles in one complex domain into straight lines or circles in another complex domain. It is demonstrated that the range of source impedance, defined as an outline in the complex plane, can be transformed to a corresponding outline of the muffler insertion loss complex amplitude, and the minimum and maximum insertion loss can be computed at a given frequency. This permits the expected insertion loss range to be plotted as a function of frequency.
关键词： insertion loss,Moebius transformation,source impedance,acoustic performance,diesel engine
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Niigata 2018 –ECCE Asia) - Niigata, Japan (2018.5.20-2018.5.24)] 2018 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Niigata 2018 -ECCE Asia) - Research on capacity optimization of PV-wind-diesel-battery hybrid generation system
摘要： For small scale isolated PV-wind-diesel-battery hybrid generation system, the capacity optimization needs to determine capacity of each component. This paper proposes an optimization method that takes economic and technical indexes into account, which optimize the capacity of the battery and diesel generators under the premise of satisfying the technical indexes, and also optimize capacity of wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic array (PV) by considering the economic index. Among them, the economic index of the system is to minimize the life-cycle cost (LCC). According to the wind-solar resources of the installed site, the mathematical model of the system is built after analyzing the output characteristics of each micro-source and the energy dispatching strategy. Finally, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is adopted to obtain the minimum cost and the optimal capacity configuration scheme by MATLAB simulation software. The influence of capacity of WT and PV on LCC is analyzed too.
关键词： PV-wind-diesel-battery system,Capacity optimization,PSO algorithm,Economic and technical indexes
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Spray-Wall Impingement of Diesel-CNG Dual Fuel Jet using Schlieren Imaging Technique
摘要： Natural gas is a low cost fuel with high availability in nature. However, it cannot be used by itself in conventional diesel engines due to its low flame speed and high ignition temperature. The addition of a secondary fuel to enhance the mixture formation and combustion process facilitate its wider use as an alternative fuel. An experimental study was performed to investigate the diesel-CNG dual fuel jet-wall impingement. A constant volume optical chamber was designed to facilitate maximum optical access for the study of the jet-wall impingement at different injection pressures, temperatures and injector-wall distances. The bottom plate of the test rig was made of aluminum (piston material) and it was heated up to 500 K at ambient pressure. An injector driver was used to control the single-hole nozzle diesel injector combined with a natural gas injector. The injection timing of both injectors was synchronized with a camera trigger. The jet-wall impingement of diesel and diesel-CNG dual fuel jets was recorded with a high speed camera using Schlieren imaging technique and associated image processing software. The measurements of the jet radial penetration were higher in diesel-CNG dual fuel while the jet height travel along were higher in the case of diesel single fuel.
关键词： jet-wall impingement,wall temperature,injection pressure,diesel-CNG dual fuel,Schlieren imaging
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46